A0
First Steps开口启动
读出基础音形、介绍自己、拼写信息并完成最基本的求助。
8 课 · 建议新增 25–40 小时
Northstar English 从零到流利完整英语教材
A0 → B2 流利交流 · C1 跃迁桥梁
从第一句话，到真正参与世界。
一套为中文母语学习者设计的完整离线英语教材：104 个真实交流任务、系统发音与语法、听说读写训练、间隔复习、阶段项目和可验证测评。
核心路线
104 课
每课都是一项可完成的交流任务；不是只看语法讲解。
训练闭环
5 次复习
默认 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 主动提取。
真实毕业线
B2
能较自然、自发地互动；C1 作为专业或学术跃迁桥梁。
Learning path
六站英语跃迁路线
A1
Survival English生存交流
处理日常、家庭、时间、点餐、购物、问路与简单过去经历。
16 课 · 建议新增 80–100 小时
A2
Everyday Independence独立生活
应对旅行、健康、学习、工作和常见服务问题，持续交流 3–5 分钟。
20 课 · 建议新增 130–170 小时
B1
Independent Voice自主表达
讲故事、解释问题、参与会议、表达观点并处理多数可预见情境。
24 课 · 建议新增 180–230 小时
B2
Confident Fluency自然沟通
自然参与长对话、协商、辩论、演示及较复杂的专业沟通。
28 课 · 建议新增 220–300 小时
C1
Advanced Bridge跃迁桥梁
训练语域、精确表达、多源综合，并建立长期专业或学术沉浸系统。
8 课 · 建议新增 80–120+ 小时
今天怎样学
60 分钟学习配方
- 10 分钟：到期复习
- 20 分钟：对话、词块与微语法
- 10 分钟：发音与跟读
- 15 分钟：脱稿口语任务
- 5 分钟：写学习日志
先说清楚
不承诺“速成”，承诺一条可走完的路
依据 Cambridge 的指导学习时数估算，从零到 B2 通常累计约 500–600 小时。104 课是训练骨架；重复听说、分级阅读、真实对话和延迟复习才构成完整时数。
查看课程设计依据与使用方法 →Curriculum map
从零到流利：完整课程地图
主干课程以 CEFR B2 作为“日常流利交流”毕业线；C1 八课是进入独立专业/学术沉浸的桥梁，不冒充完整 C1 认证课程。
时数是现实估算，不是保证。每天 2 小时、每周 6 天，约一年可冲击 B2；每天 45–90 分钟时，一年更合理的结果通常是 A2–B1+。
| 阶段 | 课数 | 建议新增时数 | 完成能力 |
|---|---|---|---|
| A0 开口启动 | 8 | 25–40 | 读出基础音形、介绍自己、拼写信息并完成最基本的求助。 |
| A1 生存交流 | 16 | 80–100 | 处理日常、家庭、时间、点餐、购物、问路与简单过去经历。 |
| A2 独立生活 | 20 | 130–170 | 应对旅行、健康、学习、工作和常见服务问题，持续交流 3–5 分钟。 |
| B1 自主表达 | 24 | 180–230 | 讲故事、解释问题、参与会议、表达观点并处理多数可预见情境。 |
| B2 自然沟通 | 28 | 220–300 | 自然参与长对话、协商、辩论、演示及较复杂的专业沟通。 |
| C1 跃迁桥梁 | 8 | 80–120+ | 训练语域、精确表达、多源综合，并建立长期专业或学术沉浸系统。 |
26 个任务模块
英语声音与第一句话
L001–L004
进入模块第一课 →眼前世界与生存表达
L005–L008
进入模块第一课 →认识我的世界
L009–L012
进入模块第一课 →时间、日常与家
L013–L016
进入模块第一课 →食物、购物与服务
L017–L020
进入模块第一课 →城市、现在与过去
L021–L024
进入模块第一课 →旅行与住宿
L025–L028
进入模块第一课 →健康与习惯
L029–L032
进入模块第一课 →故事与人生经历
L033–L036
进入模块第一课 →学习、工作与未来
L037–L040
进入模块第一课 →观点、选择与社区
L041–L044
进入模块第一课 →叙事与身份
L045–L048
进入模块第一课 →解决问题与服务补救
L049–L052
进入模块第一课 →人际关系与团队合作
L053–L056
进入模块第一课 →工作与学习沟通
L057–L060
进入模块第一课 →信息与媒体
L061–L064
进入模块第一课 →社会、文化与流动
L065–L068
进入模块第一课 →对话中的细微态度
L069–L072
进入模块第一课 →论证与证据
L073–L076
进入模块第一课 →专业沟通
L077–L080
进入模块第一课 →媒体素养与研究
L081–L084
进入模块第一课 →全球议题
L085–L088
进入模块第一课 →故事、身份与表达精度
L089–L092
进入模块第一课 →真实世界毕业任务
L093–L096
进入模块第一课 →精度、语域与说服
L097–L100
进入模块第一课 →独立沉浸系统
L101–L104
进入模块第一课 →A0 · First Steps
开口启动
读出基础音形、介绍自己、拼写信息并完成最基本的求助。
Hello, English!
你好，英语！
第一次见到同学时，主动问好并自然回应。
开始本课My Name Is ...
我的名字是……
在签到处告诉工作人员自己的名字，并询问对方姓名。
开始本课Spell It, Please
请拼写一下
在登记时拼出自己的姓名，并核对一个电话号码。
开始本课My 60-Second Introduction
我的60秒身份介绍
在新同学欢迎会上完成简短自我介绍，并向他人确认信息。
开始本课What Is This?
这是什么？
在教室里询问陌生物品的英文名称，并指出远处的物品。
开始本课My People and Things
我的人和物
向新朋友介绍一张家庭照片和随身物品。
开始本课I Want, I Need, I Can
我想要、我需要、我能
在服务台表达即时需要，并礼貌请求帮助。
开始本课Survival English Challenge
生存英语闯关
连续完成签到、辨认失物和请求帮助三个基础交流站点。
开始本课A1 · Survival English
生存交流
处理日常、家庭、时间、点餐、购物、问路与简单过去经历。
Where Are You From?
你来自哪里？
在国际社区活动中交流家乡、现居城市和所说语言。
开始本课This Is My Family
这是我的家人
借助照片介绍家人或重要的人，并说明人物关系。
开始本课Jobs, Languages and Interests
工作、语言与兴趣
在社交活动中谈自己的工作或学习、语言和兴趣。
开始本课Meet a New Friend
采访一位新朋友
进行一次两分钟新朋友采访，并向第三人准确介绍对方。
开始本课What Time Is It?
现在几点？
看懂社区活动日历，准确询问并确认日期和钟点。
开始本课My Daily Routine
我的日常作息
进行生活习惯小调查，说清自己做某事的时间和频率。
开始本课There Is a Place
这里有个地方
向新邻居介绍住所布局和附近的生活设施。
开始本课A Day in My Life
我的一天
从早到晚完整介绍一天，并听懂同伴的作息细节。
开始本课Food and Quantity
食物与数量
检查家中食材并列购物清单，说清有哪些、缺哪些和需要多少。
开始本课At a Café
在咖啡馆点餐
读懂简短菜单，礼貌地点一份饮料和餐食并确认订单。
开始本课How Much Is It?
这个多少钱？
在服装店询问价格、颜色和尺码，并决定是否购买。
开始本课Café and Shop Challenge
咖啡馆与商店模拟
在限定预算内先完成点餐，再为朋友购买一件小礼物。
开始本课Finding the Way
问路与指路
在陌生街区礼貌问路，并根据指令找到目的地。
开始本课What Are You Doing?
你正在做什么？
在电话中描述此刻正在发生的事，并询问他人的当前活动。
开始本课Yesterday and Last Weekend
昨天与上周末
讲述上周末的一段简单经历，并追问时间、地点和感受。
开始本课A Weekend in the City
城市周末任务与 A1 测评
与同伴制定可执行的城市周末计划，并在综合情境中证明 A1 沟通能力。
开始本课A2 · Everyday Independence
独立生活
应对旅行、健康、学习、工作和常见服务问题，持续交流 3–5 分钟。
Booking a Trip
预订一次旅行
比较两个出行方案，并用英语确认一项真实可执行的预订。
开始本课At the Airport or Station
在机场或车站
根据时间、价格和便利程度比较三种交通方案并作出选择。
开始本课Hotel Help
在酒店求助
清楚说明住宿问题，并礼貌地请求一个可接受的解决办法。
开始本课A Complete Travel Plan
完整旅行计划
把交通、住宿和活动整合为一份有备选方案的两日行程。
开始本课Describing Symptoms
描述身体症状
在药房或诊所准确说明症状、持续时间和严重程度。
开始本课Advice and Recovery
建议与恢复
根据生活情境提出安全、具体且不过度武断的健康建议。
开始本课Rules and Responsibilities
规则与责任
读懂公共场所规则，并向新成员解释必须、禁止和无需做的事情。
开始本课A Clinic Visit
一次看诊与健康计划
在模拟就诊中说明问题、回答追问、确认下一步并复述计划。
开始本课When It Happened
事情发生的时候
描述一件突发小事件，交代当时背景、主要动作和结果。
开始本课Have You Ever?
你曾经……吗？
询问人生经历，并用追问把简短回答发展成自然对话。
开始本课Past or Present Perfect?
一般过去时还是现在完成时
在谈经历和最新进展时，准确区分具体过去事件与当前相关结果。
开始本课A Three-Minute Story
三分钟故事播客
把一段真实或虚构经历组织成有开头、转折和结尾的三分钟故事。
开始本课Skills and Goals
技能与目标
介绍自己已经具备的技能，并制定一个具体、可检查的学习目标。
开始本课People and Jobs
人物与工作
向别人解释一个职业做什么、适合什么样的人以及在哪里工作。
开始本课Plans and Predictions
计划与预测
在团队计划中区分已安排事项、个人意图和现场决定。
开始本课An Application and Interview
申请邮件与模拟面试
用具体证据申请一项学习、志愿或初级工作机会，并回答基础面试追问。
开始本课Giving Reasons
表达观点与理由
就一个生活选择清楚表达立场，用理由和让步避免只说“我喜欢”。
开始本课If This Happens
如果发生这种情况
讨论日常规则和未来可能情况，为社区活动制定应变方案。
开始本课News and Messages
新闻与通知
从通知中提取谁、何事、何时和行动要求，并用中性语言转述。
开始本课A Community Decision
社区决策论坛
综合资料与不同意见，参加一次小型论坛并形成有条件的共同决定。
开始本课B1 · Independent Voice
自主表达
讲故事、解释问题、参与会议、表达观点并处理多数可预见情境。
A Story with a Background
有背景层次的故事
讲述一次计划被意外打断的经历，用不同过去时态交代先后关系。
开始本课Then and Now
过去与现在
比较自己或社区过去与现在的习惯、状态和环境，并解释变化。
开始本课People Who Changed Me
影响过我的人
介绍一位影响自己的人，用具体事件解释影响，而不是只罗列性格词。
开始本课A Personal Story Talk
个人故事演讲
把个人经历改编成四分钟口头故事，让听者理解事件、情绪变化和意义。
开始本课What Has Been Going Wrong?
问题一直出在哪里
说明一个持续问题的时间、频率、影响和已尝试措施，为解决问题提供证据。
开始本课Options and Advice
方案与建议强度
面对现实限制提出多个方案，区分可能性、建议和必要行动。
开始本课What Would You Do?
如果是你，你会怎么做
讨论一个没有简单答案的假设情境，说明选择、理由和可能后果。
开始本课Complaint and Negotiation
投诉与协商
就服务未达成约定提出有证据的投诉，并协商具体、可确认的补救方案。
开始本课Entering a Conversation
进入对话与轮次管理
在小组讨论中自然进入、保持、让出话轮，并邀请较少发言的人参与。
开始本课What Did They Mean?
他们到底是什么意思
准确转述一段容易误解的口头信息，并区分原话、解释和自己的推断。
开始本课Handling Conflict
处理分歧与冲突
把对人的指责改写为可讨论的观察、影响、需求和请求。
开始本课A Team Decision
团队决策会议
依据共同标准比较方案、汇总不同观点，并形成包含责任人的决定记录。
开始本课Professional Email
清楚得体的工作邮件
把一条模糊或过于直接的信息改写为目的明确、行动清楚、语气合适的邮件。
开始本课Meetings and Processes
会议中的流程说明
清楚说明工作流程、责任交接和由外部人员完成的服务。
开始本课Presenting an Idea
清楚呈现一个想法
做一次三分钟提案演示，用明确路标引导听众从问题走向建议和下一步。
开始本课A Team Proposal
团队提案
整合成本、收益、风险和评估指标，完成一份可以批准或拒绝的团队提案。
开始本课Fact, Opinion, or Claim?
事实、观点还是主张
判断一句话属于可核实事实、个人观点还是需要证据支持的主张。
开始本课Reporting What People Said
准确报道他人观点
从采访记录中选取并准确归属观点，区分声称、承认、否认、解释和警告。
开始本课Summarizing a Source
概括一个来源
把一篇信息密集的短文压缩为保留目的、方法、结果和限制的准确摘要。
开始本课A Five-Minute News Brief
五分钟新闻简报
整合公告、数据和采访，做一段来源清楚、事实与反应分开的新闻简报。
开始本课Cities and Environment
城市与环境证据
根据观察证据推断城市环境问题的可能原因，并区分确定、可能和不可能。
开始本课Comparing Cultures Carefully
谨慎比较文化
比较不同群体中的沟通习惯，同时避免把有限经历说成所有人的固定特征。
开始本课Moving Somewhere New
适应一个新地方
讨论搬迁后的现实适应过程，区分熟悉状态、适应过程和过去习惯。
开始本课B1 Community Mobility Capstone
B1 社区出行毕业项目
分析一个真实感社区出行问题，复盘过去选择，提出可测试方案并完成问答协商。
开始本课B2 · Confident Fluency
自然沟通
自然参与长对话、协商、辩论、演示及较复杂的专业沟通。
Softening a Message
让表达坚定但不生硬
把一条过于直接的工作消息改写成既明确又维护合作关系的反馈。
开始本课Interrupting and Clarifying
礼貌插话与澄清
在多人线上讨论中礼貌插话、核对理解，并修复一个可能影响期限的误会。
开始本课Emotion and Subtext
情绪与潜台词
识别一句话可能传达的态度，在下结论前用中性问题核实。
开始本课A Difficult Conversation
一场困难对话
就反复延误的问题进行困难对话，说明影响、承认责任并达成具体调整。
开始本课Claim, Reason, Evidence
主张、理由与证据
把一个直觉观点发展成可检验的主张，用相关证据支持并主动说明限制。
开始本课Concession and Counterargument
让步与反驳
在辩论中准确承认对方合理之处，再指出限制并提出更强的替代结论。
开始本课Degrees of Certainty
表达不同程度的确定性
根据证据强弱调整结论措辞，区分可能、很可能和可以合理确认。
开始本课Mini Debate and Review
迷你辩论与评论文章
围绕公共议题完成一场有证据的短辩论，并把口头立场转化为结构清晰的评论。
开始本课Facilitating a Meeting
主持高效会议
主持跨团队会议，让不同意见得到表达，并在结束前确认决定、负责人和期限。
开始本课Negotiating Terms
协商条件
就项目范围、费用和时间表协商，在保护核心需求的同时提出可接受的交换条件。
开始本课Explaining Data
解释数据
向非专业听众解释图表，区分观察、比较和可能原因，不夸大结论。
开始本课Proposal and Report
提案与报告
针对同一项目分别撰写前瞻提案和结果报告，使目的、证据和建议清晰可辨。
开始本课Is the Source Reliable?
这个来源可靠吗？
核查一条快速传播的帖子，追溯原始来源并作出有依据的可信度判断。
开始本课Synthesizing Two Texts
综合两篇材料
把两份立场和证据不同的材料组织成按主题比较的综合结论，而非两段独立摘要。
开始本课Interviews and Podcasts
访谈与播客
分析一段剪辑访谈，追问证据、识别叙事选择，并制作准确透明的播客片段。
开始本课Research Brief
研究简报
把多来源材料压缩成决策者可快速使用的研究简报，明确发现、分歧、局限和建议。
开始本课Climate Choices
气候选择与公平权衡
在社区气候听证会上比较三种适应方案，说明成本、受益者、风险和公平影响。
开始本课Public Health and Trust
公共健康与信任
把不确定的健康证据转化为清楚、诚实且可行动的公众信息。
开始本课Migration and Belonging
迁移、身份与归属
围绕迁移经历展开尊重的访谈，呈现个人能动性而非把人简化成标签。
开始本课Technology and the Future of Work
技术与工作的未来
评估一项自动化提案对效率、岗位质量、偏差和责任的影响。
开始本课Designing Sustainable Cities
设计可持续城市
调解居民、商户和交通部门的不同需求，提出可测试的街区改造方案。
开始本课Following a Global Supply Chain
追踪全球供应链
解释一件产品从原料到销售的链条，分析中断如何传播，并提出更具韧性的改进。
开始本课Telling What Really Happened
精准还原事件经过
根据证词和时间记录重建一次突发事件，清楚区分背景、进行中动作和更早发生的原因。
开始本课Perspective and Reliability
视角与可靠性
比较同一事件的不同讲述，识别视角限制、利益关系和未经证实的说法。
开始本课Turning Points
讲述人生转折点
讲述一个改变方向的时刻，用选择性细节和强调结构突出其意义而不夸大。
开始本课Telling Other People's Stories
负责任地讲述他人的故事
在报道或纪录叙事中准确转述他人经历，处理同意、匿名、语境和编辑选择。
开始本课The Global Issues Forum
全球议题论坛
在有分歧的公共论坛中提出证据化立场、回应最强反论点并帮助小组找到有限共识。
开始本课B2 Graduation Challenge
B2 综合毕业任务
综合两份文字、一张图表和一次访谈，为社区能源项目提出、答辩并修订建议。
开始本课C1 · Advanced Bridge
跃迁桥梁
训练语域、精确表达、多源综合，并建立长期专业或学术沉浸系统。
Register and Relationships
语域、关系与分寸
根据权力关系、媒介和目的，把同一核心信息改写为同事消息、客户邮件和正式政策说明。
开始本课Nominalization and Information Density
名词化与信息密度
在口语化解释和高密度学术或专业文本之间转换，既提高凝练度又保留行动者和因果。
开始本课Rhetoric and Framing
修辞、框架与影响
分析同一事实如何被不同框架呈现，并使用平行、重复和三段式进行有伦理的说服。
开始本课Listening Across Accents
多口音理解策略
在多口音会议中抓取意义、定位误解并使用专业修复策略，而不把熟悉度误判为能力。
开始本课Synthesizing Multiple Sources
多源综合与知识建构
围绕一个问题整合研究、访谈和数据，按主题组织一致、差异、方法限制与证据缺口。
开始本课Leading a Seminar
主持高阶研讨
主持基于文本的研讨，让参与者澄清概念、检验证据、连接观点并推进集体理解。
开始本课Building a Qualified Argument
构建有边界的长论证
发展一篇能经受反例的长论证，明确适用范围、机制、证据限制和改变立场的条件。
开始本课Independent Immersion Lab
独立沉浸实验室
设计并启动一套十二周个人英语沉浸系统，用真实输入、真实互动和可观察证据持续逼近 C1。
开始本课How this course works
这套教材怎样把“知道”变成“会用”
目标不是背完一本书，而是在不同日期、不同情境里反复理解、提取、互动和修复，直到语言能自动出现。
意义输入
听和读大体可理解的材料，抓主旨、细节和态度。
意义输出
用说和写真正传达信息，对方有理由听你表达。
语言聚焦
系统学习语音、词块、语法、拼写和篇章组织。
流利训练
只用已经学过的语言重复表达，逐步更快、更自然。
每课三条路线
- 核心 45–60 分钟：情境、词块、微语法、开口、Exit Ticket。
- 完整 90–120 分钟：加发音、分级输入、写作与录音复盘。
- 挑战：自然速度、无稿追问、开放写作和真实交流。
掌握不是“看过”
一个表达只有在分隔日期正确提取、在陌生输入中认出，并在一次非背诵输出中自然用出，才算逐渐掌握。
复习默认：当堂、D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60。
权威依据与边界
路线以 CEFR Companion Volume 2020 的能力描述为主；时数参考 Cambridge 指导学习时数；训练平衡参考 Nation 的 Four Strands；表现测评借鉴 ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines 2024。
重要边界B2 是能较流利、自发地进行常规互动，不等于“像母语者”；C1 桥梁也不等于取得官方证书。听说读写可能处于不同等级，应分别观察。
完成一课的正确顺序
1 · 先提取
不看答案，回忆上一课词块。
2 · 先理解再分析
先听读主旨，再观察词块与形式。
3 · 从模仿到变化
跟读、替换信息、遮住文本复述。
4 · 完成真实任务
让表达对一个人、一个决定或一个问题产生作用。
5 · 录音与延迟复习
记录一个优点和一个下一次改进点。
Plans that tell the truth
30、90、365 天学习路线
选择能长期坚持的强度。稳定的 60 分钟胜过偶尔一次的 5 小时。
真正开口
每天 45–60 分钟
- 第 1 周：声音、字母、问候
- 第 2 周：身份、数字、物品与求助
- 第 3 周：国家、工作、兴趣问答
- 第 4 周：A0 闯关与复习
合理结果：完成极基础互动并建立习惯，不是 30 天流利。
开始 30 天路线稳固生存交流
每天 60–90 分钟
- D1–30：A0 + A1 U03
- D31–60：A1 日常、购物、城市
- D61–80：A1 项目并进入 A2
- D81–90：听力、发音和词块修补
合理结果：稳固 A1 或进入 A2。
查看 A1B2 强化冲刺
每天约 2 小时，每周 6 天
- D1–45：A0+A1
- D46–115：A2
- D116–220：B1
- D221–350：B2
- D351–365：毕业项目与修补
每天 45–90 分钟时，通常需再用 6–12 个月冲击稳定 B2。
查看全路线每天 120 分钟模板
15
分钟到期复习
35
分钟核心课
25
分钟听力与 shadowing
25
分钟口语任务
15
分钟分级阅读
5
分钟学习日志
Pronunciation laboratory
发音目标：清楚、可理解、能听懂自然语流
不要求消灭中国口音。先解决会改变意义或影响理解的问题，再训练词重音、句子节奏、弱读和意群。
四步法听辨 A/B → 看口形与舌位 → 慢速准确 → 放回有意义的句子。系统朗读依赖设备本地语音，只是辅助，文本和口形说明始终可用。
短元音
/ɪ/ ship · /e/ bed · /æ/ cat · /ʌ/ cup · /ɒ/ hot · /ʊ/ book · /ə/ about
先分辨再模仿；/ə/ 常出现在非重读音节。
长元音
/iː/ sheep · /ɑː/ car · /ɔː/ law · /uː/ blue · /ɜː/ bird
“长”不仅是时间更久，舌位与口形也可能不同。
双元音
/eɪ/ day · /aɪ/ my · /ɔɪ/ boy · /əʊ/ go · /aʊ/ now · /ɪə/ near · /eə/ hair · /ʊə/ tour
嘴形从第一个位置滑向第二个，不要拆成两个汉字音。
爆破与摩擦
/p b t d k g/ · /f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ h/
词尾要收住；/θ ð/ 舌尖轻触上下齿之间。
塞擦与鼻音
/tʃ dʒ/ · /m n ŋ/
/ŋ/ 结尾时不要再加一个 /g/；change 中则有 /dʒ/。
近音与边音
/l r j w/
/l/ 舌尖碰齿龈；/r/ 舌尖不碰上颚；/v/ 咬下唇，/w/ 圆唇。
最小对立：先听出差别，再说出差别
ship ↔ sheep
live ↔ leave
full ↔ fool
bed ↔ bad
cut ↔ cart
rice ↔ lice
vest ↔ west
thin ↔ sin
then ↔ zen
fan ↔ van
light ↔ right
coat ↔ code
中文母语者六个高价值修正
- 不要丢词尾辅音：rice / rise / right。
- 不要给词尾多加元音：desk 不是 “des-ke”。
- 区分 r/l, v/w, th/s/z。
- 辅音群不插音：spring, asked, world。
- 重读内容词，功能词自然弱化。
- 按意群停顿，不要逐词均匀朗读。
节奏与意群
I WANTED to call you / but my PHONE was dead.
斜线表示意群；大写表示信息焦点。先拍手读重读词，再补回弱读部分。
自我录音量规（0–4）
- 可理解度：陌生听者是否大体能懂？
- 重点：关键词是否突出？
- 节奏：是否按意群而非逐词朗读？
- 音素：本课目标音是否稳定？
- 修复：卡住时能否重说或换说法？
先修最影响理解的一项；不要一次追求所有细节。
Grammar for meaning
语法不是规则仓库，而是表达意图的工具
按“我想表达什么”逐级学习。每个结构必须在至少四个情境里再次出现，才可能变成可调用的语言。
1 身份与状态
be：I am / you are / she is
I am ready. Are you ready?
2 指认与数量
a/an, this/that, these/those, 单复数
This is a key. These are keys.
3 拥有与关系
have, possessives, of
Mina has a bike. It is her bike.
4 习惯与事实
一般现在时、频率副词
He usually walks to work.
5 眼前正在发生
现在进行时
They are waiting outside.
6 地点与存在
there is/are、地点介词
There are two cafés near here.
7 过去事件
一般过去时
We missed the last train.
8 计划与预测
going to / will / 现在进行时
I am meeting Jo at six.
9 数量与选择
some/any, much/many, 比较级
This route is shorter.
10 经历与结果
现在完成时
I have already sent the form.
11 背景与先后
过去进行/完成时
I was cooking when she called.
12 请求、能力、义务
can/could/should/must/have to
Could you say that again?
13 条件与假设
zero/first/second conditional
If it rains, we will stay inside.
14 描述与限定
关系从句
The person who called left a message.
15 信息焦点
被动语态
The meeting was moved to Friday.
16 转述与调解
reported speech
She said the deadline had changed.
17 推断与把握度
may/might/must/cannot
The figures may be incomplete.
18 让步与论证
although, even though, whereas
Although it costs more, it lasts longer.
19 强调与衔接
cleft, inversion, substitution
What matters most is trust.
20 语域与信息密度
名词化、分词结构、hedging
The findings appear to support the proposal.
中文直译检查英语句子通常需要明确主语；状态句不要漏 be；问题要改变助动词/语序；过去事件要标时间；可数单数常需限定词；第三人称单数和复数词尾虽轻却重要。
Chunks before lists
先掌握能立即救场的整块表达
词条要连同发音、意义、搭配、句架、语域和例句一起学。前 2,000 高频词重点显性学习，之后通过分级听读扩大词族与搭配。
第一次遇见
听音、看语境、理解意义；立即用一个与你有关的句子。
主动提取
从中文情境说英语，从英语识别意义；不要只重复看卡片。
进入网络
补搭配、反义词、词族、正式度和常见错误；在听读中再次遇见。
覆盖率原则流利训练应主要使用已知词；泛读泛听材料约 95%–98% 的运行词已知时，更适合无频繁查词地理解。
Speak to mean something
从 30 秒到 10 分钟的口语任务梯
选择比你当前舒适区稍难的一张卡。先列 3–5 个关键词，不写全文；录音；听回；只重录一次。
今日任务点击“随机抽一张任务”。
任务 1
介绍姓名、城市和今天的状态。
任务 2
描述房间里五样东西及位置。
任务 3
说出平日早晨的流程。
任务 4
点一份餐并询问一个配料。
任务 5
给游客从车站到咖啡馆的路线。
任务 6
讲述上周末一件意外的小事。
任务 7
比较两个旅行方案并作决定。
任务 8
描述症状并向医生问两个问题。
任务 9
讲一次“第一次做某事”的经历。
任务 10
介绍你的技能、目标和下一步。
任务 11
对社区问题提出一个方案。
任务 12
同一个故事分别用 4、3、2 分钟讲三遍。
任务 13
礼貌投诉并提出可接受的解决方案。
任务 14
主持三人会议的开场与议程。
任务 15
概括一则消息，分清事实与观点。
任务 16
陈述一个主张、两个理由和一个证据。
任务 17
回应反方观点并作有限让步。
任务 18
解释一张图表的趋势、异常和限制。
任务 19
谈判价格、范围与时间三项条件。
任务 20
综合两段材料的共识和分歧。
任务 21
讨论技术便利与隐私之间的权衡。
任务 22
讲一个有转折、细节和回扣的故事。
任务 23
完成毕业提案并接受三个追问。
任务 24
主持高阶研讨并总结共同结论。
卡住时，别沉默
- Sorry? — 没听清，请再说一次。
- Could you say that again? — 可以再说一遍吗？
- Could you speak a little more slowly? — 可以说慢一点吗？
- How do you spell that? — 那个怎么拼？
- What does ___ mean? — ___ 是什么意思？
- Do you mean ___? — 你的意思是 ___ 吗？
- Let me think. — 让我想一下。
- I’m not sure, but… — 我不确定，不过……
4/3/2 流利训练
对同一主题说 4 分钟、3 分钟、2 分钟。内容基本不变，逐轮减少犹豫、让表达更紧凑。只使用已学语言；新词很多就不算流利训练。
Skills laboratory
听、读、写：为真实理解与表达服务
听力三遍法
- 第一遍只判断场景、人物、目的。
- 第二遍抓数字、理由、变化和决定。
- 看文本标记弱读、连读与意群。
- 最后遮住文本复述，而非无限循环播放。
听不懂时定位原因：词不认识、认识但没听出、句法没解析，还是背景知识不足。
阅读三速度
- 30 秒略读标题、首尾句与结构。
- 带问题寻读姓名、日期、对比和因果。
- 精读关键段，推断代词和作者态度。
- 用 1–3 句概括，不逐句翻译。
材料太难时换低一级；频繁查词会破坏流利阅读。
写作四稿法
- 任务与读者：我要让谁知道/做什么？
- 提纲：观点、顺序、证据。
- 快速初稿：先完成意义。
- 两轮编辑：先结构，再语言准确度。
最后朗读一遍，检查漏主语、时态、冠词、单复数与连接。
每周四支柱审计
Placement, not a certificate
24 题起点定位
这只是路线建议，不是 CEFR 官方考试。按你现在的能力作答，不查资料；结果不会锁住任何课程。
不要只靠选择题决定等级如建议从 A2 开始，仍请完成 A1 阶段项目：能在没有稿子的情况下问答、点餐、问路并讲简单过去经历，才可跳过。
Evidence, not a checkbox
测评：证明你能在陌生情境中完成任务
等级晋升要求在至少两周、三个不同情境中稳定表现。一次选择题高分或一次背稿录音都不够。
每课
低风险 Exit Ticket、30 秒到 3 分钟录音、错误日志与复习安排。
每模块
陌生听读输入 + 互动任务 + 短写作；客观题 80% 进入长期复习。
每阶段
两组听力、两组阅读、即兴互动、陈述、限时写作与调解任务。
六阶段毕业项目
| 阶段 | 真实项目 | 关键证据 |
|---|---|---|
| A0 | 生存护照：拼写、身份、简单购物和求助四站 | 可理解地完成基础交换 |
| A1 | 我的一天和我的城市：介绍、路线、点餐与周末计划 | 约 2 分钟表达 + 简单问答 |
| A2 | 一次完整旅行/生活任务：预订、处理问题、经历叙述、邮件 | 持续交流 3–5 分钟 |
| B1 | 社区问题播客：资料、采访、5–7 分钟节目与方案 | 叙述、概括、协作和理由 |
| B2 | 议题与行动提案：多源材料、正式提案、8–10 分钟演示、问答和谈判 | 自发互动、证据与语域 |
| C1 桥梁 | 个人领域研讨：三源综合、10–12 分钟研讨、长文、沉浸计划 | 精度、综合、长篇组织 |
口语量规：每项 0–4 分
| 维度 | 2 · 刚达标 | 3 · 良好 | 4 · 稳定优秀 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 任务完成 | 完成主要目的，少量遗漏 | 目的清楚，信息充分 | 灵活完成并回应变化 |
| 互动与回应 | 能回应并提出基本问题 | 主动维持轮次、澄清 | 自然推进、调解和邀请他人 |
| 流利与修复 | 有停顿但能继续 | 多数时候连贯，会换说法 | 节奏自然，修复不打断交流 |
| 范围 | 够完成任务 | 有词块和句式变化 | 表达精确并能调整语域 |
| 准确度 | 错误存在但意义清楚 | 常用结构大体稳定 | 复杂结构也控制良好 |
| 可理解度与语用 | 大体听懂，基本合适 | 重音意群清楚、礼貌得体 | 根据听众灵活调整 |
内部建议：总分至少 18/24 且任何单项不低于 2；口语必须单独通过，不能用阅读语法分数抵消。
Spaced retrieval
复习中心：到时间再想一次
复习不是重读。先遮住答案，从意义或情境主动说/写出来；答错就缩短间隔，连续正确再拉长。
0
项复习到期
0 / 104
已完成核心课
3–8 分钟
每项短而主动
今日队列
完成一课后，D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 的复习会出现在这里。
五分钟复习协议
- 中文情境 → 说出 3 个英语词块。
- 听/读一句 → 用自己的话复述。
- 回答一个意外追问。
- 把一个旧结构用在新生活内容中。
- 记录“会了 / 犹豫 / 不会”，不会的明天再来。
进度数据
数据只保存在当前浏览器，不会上传。你可以导出备份，换设备后再导入。
Reference desk
学习速查台
最值得先背的修复语
- Sorry? — 没听清，请再说一次。
- Could you say that again? — 可以再说一遍吗？
- Could you speak a little more slowly? — 可以说慢一点吗？
- How do you spell that? — 那个怎么拼？
- What does ___ mean? — ___ 是什么意思？
- Do you mean ___? — 你的意思是 ___ 吗？
- Let me think. — 让我想一下。
- I’m not sure, but… — 我不确定，不过……
- Could you help me? — 可以帮我吗？
- Where is the nearest ___? — 最近的 ___ 在哪里？
- How much is it? — 多少钱？
- I’d like ___, please. — 我想要 ___。
不规则动词核心表
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
|---|---|---|
| be | was/were | been |
| begin | began | begun |
| break | broke | broken |
| bring | brought | brought |
| buy | bought | bought |
| come | came | come |
| do | did | done |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| feel | felt | felt |
| find | found | found |
| get | got | got/gotten |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| know | knew | known |
| leave | left | left |
| make | made | made |
| meet | met | met |
| read | read | read |
| run | ran | run |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | seen |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| take | took | taken |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| write | wrote | written |
键盘、离线与朗读说明
- 所有核心内容都嵌在本 HTML；断网仍可阅读、练习与打印。
- Tab / Shift+Tab 移动焦点，Enter 或空格激活按钮；页面顶部有“跳到主要内容”。
- “系统朗读”调用设备内置英语语音，是否完全离线取决于设备；不可用时页面会给出提示。
- 朗读不是正式听力素材；每段材料都保留完整文本、意义支持和跟读方法。
- 明暗主题、字号、完成记录和复习队列保存在当前浏览器。
- 打印时只打印当前打开的课程页面；答案与中文支持会显示，便于离线复习。
Hello, English!
你好，英语！
本课真实任务
第一次见到同学时，主动问好并自然回应。
- 我能用 Hello 或 Hi 问好。
- 我能说 Nice to meet you 并作出回应。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
第一次学习无需先修复习。先大声读三遍：
2进入情境
林第一次走进英语体验课，在门口遇见同学 Ben。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LinHello!你好！
BenHi! I am Ben.嗨！我是 Ben。
LinI am Lin.我是林。
BenNice to meet you, Lin.很高兴认识你，林。
LinNice to meet you, too.我也很高兴认识你。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Hello!你好！Hello! I am Lin.
Hi!嗨！Hi! Nice to meet you.
I am ...我是……I am Mei.
Nice to meet you.很高兴认识你。Nice to meet you, Sam.
Nice to meet you, too.我也很高兴认识你。Nice to meet you, too, Ana.
Goodbye!再见！Goodbye! See you tomorrow.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：I am / You are
介绍自己用 I am；对对方说明身份用 You are。口语里 I am 常缩写为 I'm。
I am + 名字/身份；You are + 名字/身份
- I am Lin.我是林。
- I'm a student.我是一名学生。
- You are Ben.你是 Ben。
小心中文直译不能说 I Lin；英语完整句通常需要 am：I am Lin。
5发音实验：Hello 的重音
hello 的第二个音节更响：he-LO。不要把两个音节读得一样重。
he-LOHello, Ben.Hello, I am Lin.Hi! Nice to meet you.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A New Class
Hello! I am Lin. I am a new student. This is Ben. He is my classmate. I say, “Hello, Ben.” Ben says, “Hi, Lin. Nice to meet you.” I smile and say, “Nice to meet you, too.” Our English class starts now.
中文意义支持
你好！我是林。我是一名新学生。这是 Ben。他是我的同学。我说：“你好，Ben。”Ben 说：“嗨，林。很高兴认识你。”我微笑着说：“我也很高兴认识你。”我们的英语课现在开始。
读听任务
1. Who is the new student?
Lin is the new student.
2. What does Ben say to Lin?
He says, “Nice to meet you.”
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
看着镜子或录音，用三句话完成第一次问候。
- Hello!
- I am ____.
- Nice to meet you.
参考示范，不要背稿
Hello! I am Xiaoyu. Nice to meet you.
写作迁移
写一张三行英文见面卡。
参考文本与自查
Hello! I am Xiaoyu. Nice to meet you.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示Hello 较通用；Hi 更轻松。第一次见面说 Nice to meet you 很自然，是否握手会因地区、场合和个人习惯而不同。
本课毕业任务录制一段15秒的“第一次见面”音频：问好、报名字、说很高兴认识对方。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
My Name Is ...
我的名字是……
本课真实任务
在签到处告诉工作人员自己的名字，并询问对方姓名。
- 我能问 What's your name?
- 我能用 My name is ... 或 I'm ... 回答。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你好！
核对
Hello! — Hello! I am Lin. - 嗨！
核对
Hi! — Hi! Nice to meet you. - 我是……
核对
I am ... — I am Mei.
2进入情境
林参加社区活动，在签到桌前认识志愿者 Maya。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MayaHello. What's your name?你好。你叫什么名字？
LinMy name is Lin Wei.我叫林伟。
MayaI'm Maya.我是 Maya。
LinNice to meet you, Maya.很高兴认识你，Maya。
MayaNice to meet you, too, Lin Wei.我也很高兴认识你，林伟。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What's your name?你叫什么名字？Hi. What's your name?
My name is ...我的名字是……My name is Li Na.
I'm ...我是……I'm Omar.
And you?你呢？I'm Mei. And you?
This is ...这位是……This is my friend, Jo.
Welcome!欢迎！Welcome to our class!
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：What's ...? 与 my/your
What's 是 What is 的缩写；my 表示“我的”，your 表示“你的/你们的”。
What's your name? — My name is + 名字。
- What's your name?你叫什么名字？
- My name is Chen Jie.我叫陈杰。
- Your name is Maya.你的名字是 Maya。
小心中文直译不要按中文语序说 Your name what；正确问句是 What's your name?
5发音实验：I'm 与 name 的长元音
I'm 读成一个整体；name 中的元音要拉开，不要读成汉语“南”。
I'm Lin.my nameMy name is Lin.What's your name?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Name Cards
Maya has two name cards. One card says MAYA. The other card is blank. A new student comes in. “What's your name?” Maya asks. “My name is Bo,” he says. Maya writes BO on the blank card. “Welcome, Bo!” she says. Bo smiles.
中文意义支持
Maya 有两张姓名卡。一张写着 MAYA，另一张是空白的。一名新学生进来了。Maya 问：“你叫什么名字？”他说：“我叫 Bo。”Maya 在空白卡片上写下 BO。她说：“欢迎你，Bo！”Bo 笑了。
读听任务
1. What is the new student's name?
His name is Bo.
2. What does Maya write on the card?
She writes BO.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
扮演活动签到者，问名字并交换姓名。
- Hello. What's your name?
- My name is ____.
- I'm ____. And you?
参考示范，不要背稿
Hello. What's your name? My name is Lin Wei. I'm Lin. And you?
写作迁移
制作一张英文姓名卡，写一句欢迎语。
参考文本与自查
LIN WEI My name is Lin Wei. Welcome!
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示英语交流中，别人可能先问你希望怎样被称呼。名字顺序和称呼习惯因文化与个人选择而异，最好跟随本人给出的名字。
本课毕业任务采访两位家人或朋友，分别用英文问姓名并写下 My name is ... 的回答。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Spell It, Please
请拼写一下
本课真实任务
在登记时拼出自己的姓名，并核对一个电话号码。
- 我能请求别人拼写名字。
- 我能慢慢拼出名字并读出0到9。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你叫什么名字？
核对
What's your name? — Hi. What's your name? - 我的名字是……
核对
My name is ... — My name is Li Na. - 我是……
核对
I'm ... — I'm Omar.
2进入情境
林在图书馆办卡，工作人员需要准确记录他的英文姓名和电话。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ClerkWhat's your name?你叫什么名字？
LinLin Wei.林伟。
ClerkHow do you spell Lin?Lin 怎么拼？
LinL-I-N.L-I-N。
ClerkThank you. What's your phone number?谢谢。你的电话号码是多少？
LinIt's 508-2146.是 508-2146。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How do you spell ...?……怎么拼？How do you spell Wei?
Spell it, please.请拼写一下。Spell your name, please.
It's ...它是/号码是……It's 508-2146.
phone number电话号码My phone number is 508-2146.
Is that right?那样对吗？L-I-N. Is that right?
That's right.对的。Yes, that's right.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：How do you ...?
询问做某事的方式可用 How do you + 动词；这里把 spell 放在 you 后。
How do you + 动词原形 + 信息？
- How do you spell Lin?Lin 怎么拼？
- How do you say this?这个怎么说？
- How do you write your name?你的名字怎么写？
小心中文直译不要说 How you spell；一般现在时问句需要助动词 do。
5发音实验：字母名与数字停顿
逐字母拼写时每个字母清楚分开；电话号码按小组读，中间稍停。0 可读 zero，电话中也常读 oh。
L-I-NW-E-Ifive-oh-eightfive-oh-eight / two-one-four-six
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Library Card
Lin wants a library card. The clerk asks for his name and phone number. Lin says his name, then spells it: L-I-N, W-E-I. His phone number is 508-2146. The clerk reads the number again. Lin listens and says, “That's right.” Now his new card is ready.
中文意义支持
林想办一张图书卡。工作人员询问他的姓名和电话号码。林说出姓名，然后拼写：L-I-N，W-E-I。他的电话是 508-2146。工作人员再次读出号码。林听后说：“对的。”现在他的新卡办好了。
读听任务
1. Why does Lin spell his name?
The clerk needs his name for a library card.
2. What is Lin's phone number?
It is 508-2146.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
拼出自己的姓名，并把一个虚构电话号码分组读出。
- My name is ____.
- It is spelled ____.
- My phone number is ____.
参考示范，不要背稿
My name is Li Hua. It is spelled L-I, H-U-A. My phone number is 306-7721.
写作迁移
填写一张英文登记卡：Name、Spelling、Phone number。
参考文本与自查
Name: Li Hua Spelling: L-I, H-U-A Phone number: 306-7721
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示报姓名、邮箱或编号时，英语使用者常把信息分组并等待对方确认。涉及真实隐私时，只在可信且必要的场合提供号码。
本课毕业任务设计一张虚构会员卡，用英文拼写姓名、读出编号，再请学习伙伴复述核对。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
My 60-Second Introduction
我的60秒身份介绍
本课真实任务
在新同学欢迎会上完成简短自我介绍，并向他人确认信息。
- 我能用名字、城市和身份介绍自己。
- 我能用 Are you ...? 确认对方信息。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- ……怎么拼？
核对
How do you spell ...? — How do you spell Wei? - 请拼写一下。
核对
Spell it, please. — Spell your name, please. - 它是/号码是……
核对
It's ... — It's 508-2146.
2进入情境
社区英语角开始，主持人邀请每个人做简短介绍。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HostHello! Please introduce yourself.你好！请介绍一下自己。
LinHi. I'm Lin Wei. I'm from Chengdu.嗨。我是林伟。我来自成都。
HostAre you a student?你是学生吗？
LinYes, I am. Are you Maya?是的。我是。你是 Maya 吗？
HostYes, I am. Welcome, Lin!是的。我是。欢迎你，林！
LinThank you.谢谢。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Please introduce yourself.请介绍一下自己。Hello. Please introduce yourself.
I'm from ...我来自……I'm from Chengdu.
Are you ...?你是……吗？Are you Maya?
Yes, I am.是的，我是。Are you a student? Yes, I am.
No, I'm not.不，我不是。No, I'm not Ben.
Thank you.谢谢。Thank you for your help.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：be 动词的一般疑问句
把 am/is/are 放到主语前可构成一般疑问句；回答时仍用对应的 be。
Are you + 名字/身份？— Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
- Are you Lin?你是林吗？
- Are you a student?你是学生吗？
- No, I'm not. I'm a teacher.不，我不是。我是老师。
小心中文直译不要回答 Yes, I'm；肯定短答必须说 Yes, I am。
5发音实验：陈述与确认问句的语调
普通陈述句末尾通常下降；需要确认的 Are you ...? 句末通常上扬。
I'm Lin. ↘I'm from Chengdu. ↘Are you Lin? ↗Are you a student? ↗
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Welcome to the Club
Welcome to the Green Street Club. I'm Maya, your host. Lin is a new member. He is from Chengdu, and he is a student. Ana is from Mexico City. She is a cook. Everyone says hello. Lin is a little nervous, but he gives a clear introduction and smiles.
中文意义支持
欢迎来到绿街俱乐部。我是主持人 Maya。林是新成员。他来自成都，是一名学生。Ana 来自墨西哥城，是一名厨师。大家互相问好。林有点紧张，但他清楚地完成了介绍，并露出微笑。
读听任务
1. Where is Lin from?
He is from Chengdu.
2. What is Ana's job?
She is a cook.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成一段30至60秒介绍，再向听者问一个确认问题。
- Hello. I'm ____.
- I'm from ____.
- I'm a ____. Are you ____?
参考示范，不要背稿
Hello. I'm Lin Wei. I'm from Chengdu. I'm a student. Nice to meet you. Are you Maya?
写作迁移
写一张四句自我介绍便签。
参考文本与自查
Hello. I'm Lin Wei. I'm from Chengdu. I'm a student. Nice to meet you.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示简短自我介绍通常只提供与场合有关的信息。年龄、婚姻和收入在许多场合较私人，不必主动询问。个人界限也会因人而异。
本课毕业任务完成 U01 身份闯关：问候、姓名、拼写、城市、身份和一个确认问题，全程尽量不看文字。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
What Is This?
这是什么？
本课真实任务
在教室里询问陌生物品的英文名称，并指出远处的物品。
- 我能问 What is this/that?
- 我能用 a/an 和物品名称回答。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 请介绍一下自己。
核对
Please introduce yourself. — Hello. Please introduce yourself. - 我来自……
核对
I'm from ... — I'm from Chengdu. - 你是……吗？
核对
Are you ...? — Are you Maya?
2进入情境
林看到桌上和窗边的新物品，请 Maya 告诉他英文名称。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LinWhat is this?这是什么？
MayaIt's a notebook.这是一本笔记本。
LinAnd what's that by the window?窗边那个是什么？
MayaIt's an umbrella.那是一把伞。
LinIs this your pen?这是你的笔吗？
MayaYes, it is. Thank you.是的。谢谢。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What is this?这是什么？What is this on the desk?
What's that?那是什么？What's that by the door?
It's a ...这是/那是一个……It's a notebook.
It's an ...这是/那是一个……It's an umbrella.
Is this your ...?这是你的……吗？Is this your pen?
Yes, it is.是的。Is it a key? Yes, it is.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：this / that 与 a / an
this 指近处单数物品，that 指远处单数物品。辅音音素前用 a，元音音素前用 an。
What is this/that? — It is a/an + 单数名词。
- This is a book.这是一本书。
- That is an apple.那是一个苹果。
- Is this a key?这是一把钥匙吗？
小心中文直译a/an 看的是开头发音，不只是字母；umbrella 以元音开头，所以说 an umbrella。
5发音实验：this 与 that 的 /ð/
舌尖轻放在上下牙之间，声带振动，再快速收回；不要读成 z 或 d。
thisthatthis bookWhat's that?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Lost Umbrella
There is an umbrella near the classroom door. It is blue and small. Lin asks, “What is that?” Maya says, “It's an umbrella.” It is not Lin's umbrella. Maya puts it on the lost-and-found table. Later, Ana comes in. “That's my umbrella!” she says.
中文意义支持
教室门旁有一把伞。它是蓝色的小伞。林问：“那是什么？”Maya 说：“是一把伞。”那不是林的伞。Maya 把它放到失物招领桌上。后来 Ana 进来，说：“那是我的伞！”
读听任务
1. Where is the umbrella first?
It is near the classroom door.
2. Whose umbrella is it?
It is Ana's umbrella.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
指向近处和远处的两件物品，完成问答。
- What is this?
- It's a/an ____.
- What's that? It's a/an ____.
参考示范，不要背稿
What is this? It's a phone. What's that? It's an umbrella.
写作迁移
给四件日常物品写英文标签，并各写一个 this/that 句子。
参考文本与自查
This is a phone. That is a bag. This is an apple. That is an umbrella.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不确定物品是否属于别人时，先问 Is this yours? 或 Is this your ...? 比直接拿走更合适。
本课毕业任务制作“我的房间六件物品”小图卡：三件用 This is，三件用 That is，并朗读。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
My People and Things
我的人和物
本课真实任务
向新朋友介绍一张家庭照片和随身物品。
- 我能用 my/his/her 表示所属。
- 我能用 have/has 说某人拥有什么。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 这是什么？
核对
What is this? — What is this on the desk? - 那是什么？
核对
What's that? — What's that by the door? - 这是/那是一个……
核对
It's a ... — It's a notebook.
2进入情境
休息时，林和 Ana 展示手机照片，并看看各自包里有什么。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AnaWho is this?这是谁？
LinThis is my sister, Lan.这是我妹妹兰。
AnaShe has a red bike.她有一辆红色自行车。
LinYes. And this is her dog.是的。这是她的狗。
AnaI have a dog, too.我也有一只狗。
LinWhat's his name?它叫什么名字？
AnaHis name is Coco.它叫 Coco。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Who is this?这是谁？Who is this in the photo?
This is my ...这是我的……This is my sister.
I have ...我有……I have a small bag.
He has ...他有……He has a blue bike.
her dog她的狗Her dog is friendly.
his name他的名字His name is Coco.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：have / has 与物主词
I/you/we/they 后用 have；he/she/it 后用 has。my、your、his、her 放在名词前说明所属。
主语 + have/has + 物品；my/your/his/her + 名词
- I have a brother.我有一个哥哥/弟弟。
- She has a red bike.她有一辆红色自行车。
- His bag is black.他的包是黑色的。
小心中文直译不要说 she have；第三人称单数 she 要搭配 has。
5发音实验：his 与 she's 的区别
his 结尾有浊辅音 /z/；she's 是 she is 的缩写，开头先发 she。
his nameher dogShe has a bike.She's my sister.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Two Bags
Lin has a black bag. In his bag, he has a phone, a notebook, and two pens. Ana has a green bag. She has a book, an apple, and a small photo. The photo is of her brother. His name is Luis. He has a big smile.
中文意义支持
林有一个黑色的包。包里有一部手机、一本笔记本和两支笔。Ana 有一个绿色的包。她有一本书、一个苹果和一张小照片。照片上是她的弟弟 Luis。他笑得很开心。
读听任务
1. What color is Ana's bag?
Her bag is green.
2. Who is in Ana's photo?
Her brother Luis is in the photo.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
展示一张照片或想象照片，介绍两个人和两件物品。
- This is my ____.
- He/She has ____.
- His/Her ____ is ____.
参考示范，不要背稿
This is my sister. She has a red bike. Her dog is small and white.
写作迁移
写四句“我的包里有什么”。
参考文本与自查
I have a blue bag. I have a phone and a notebook. My phone is black. My notebook is small.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示家庭结构和称呼很多样。介绍他人前最好确认对方是否愿意分享照片或个人信息，不假设每个人都有相同的家庭形式。
本课毕业任务制作一张“人物与物品”关系图，至少使用 my、his、her、have、has 各一次。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
I Want, I Need, I Can
我想要、我需要、我能
本课真实任务
在服务台表达即时需要，并礼貌请求帮助。
- 我能说自己想要或需要什么。
- 我能用 can 表达能力并请求简单帮助。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 这是谁？
核对
Who is this? — Who is this in the photo? - 这是我的……
核对
This is my ... — This is my sister. - 我有……
核对
I have ... — I have a small bag.
2进入情境
林在社区活动中找不到教室，又需要一杯水，于是向志愿者求助。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LinExcuse me. I need help.打扰一下。我需要帮助。
VolunteerOf course. What do you need?当然。你需要什么？
LinI want some water, and I need room 12.我想要一些水，还要找12号房间。
VolunteerI can help. The water is here.我可以帮忙。水在这里。
LinCan you show me room 12, please?你能带我去12号房间吗？
VolunteerYes. Come with me.可以。跟我来。
LinThank you!谢谢！
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Excuse me.打扰一下。Excuse me. Can you help me?
I need help.我需要帮助。I need help with this form.
I want ...我想要……I want some water.
I can help.我可以帮忙。I can help you.
Can you help me?你能帮我吗？Can you help me, please?
Of course.当然。Of course. What do you need?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：can + 动词原形
can 后直接接动词原形，不随主语变化；问句把 can 放到主语前。
主语 + can + 动词；Can + 主语 + 动词？
- I can help.我能帮忙。
- She can read English.她能读英语。
- Can you show me?你能指给我看吗？
小心中文直译can 后不能加 to，也不能给动词加 -s；说 She can help，不说 She can helps。
5发音实验：can 的强读与弱读
肯定句中 can 常弱读，主要重读动作；简短肯定回答 Yes, I can 中 can 要读清楚。
I can HELP.Can you HELP me?Yes, I CAN.I need HELP, please.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Helpful Person
Ana is at a busy station. She needs a ticket, but she cannot find the machine. She says, “Excuse me. Can you help me?” A worker smiles and says, “Of course.” He shows her the machine. Ana buys a ticket and says thank you. Now she can find her train.
中文意义支持
Ana 在一个繁忙的车站。她需要一张票，但找不到售票机。她说：“打扰一下，你能帮我吗？”一名工作人员微笑着说：“当然。”他带她找到机器。Ana 买好票并道谢。现在她能找到自己的火车了。
读听任务
1. What does Ana need?
She needs a ticket.
2. How does the worker help?
He shows her the ticket machine.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
模拟在车站、商店或课堂求助，说明一个需要并提出请求。
- Excuse me. I need ____.
- I want ____.
- Can you help/show me, please?
参考示范，不要背稿
Excuse me. I need room 12. Can you show me, please?
写作迁移
写一条三句求助信息。
参考文本与自查
Hello. I need help. I want a train ticket. Can you show me the machine, please?
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示please 能让请求更柔和，但语气、眼神和距离同样重要。直接说 I want 在服务场景可理解；以后会学习更柔和的 I'd like。
本课毕业任务制作三张“生存求助卡”：找地点、要物品、请求重复，每张写一句并完成口头演练。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Survival English Challenge
生存英语闯关
本课真实任务
连续完成签到、辨认失物和请求帮助三个基础交流站点。
- 我能把问候、拼写、物品和求助语言组合起来。
- 听不懂时，我能请求对方重复或说慢一点。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 打扰一下。
核对
Excuse me. — Excuse me. Can you help me? - 我需要帮助。
核对
I need help. — I need help with this form. - 我想要……
核对
I want ... — I want some water.
2进入情境
英语角设置了三站任务，林需要不依赖中文完成一张“生存护照”。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HelperHello. What's your name?你好。你叫什么名字？
LinI'm Lin Wei. L-I-N, W-E-I.我是林伟。拼作 L-I-N，W-E-I。
HelperIs this your notebook?这是你的笔记本吗？
LinSorry, again, please.抱歉，请再说一遍。
HelperIs this your notebook?这是你的笔记本吗？
LinYes, it is. Thank you. Can you show me room 12?是的。谢谢。你能带我去12号房间吗？
HelperOf course. It's over there.当然。在那边。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Sorry?抱歉，能再说一次吗？Sorry? Is this my card?
Again, please.请再说一遍。Again, please. I didn't hear the number.
Slowly, please.请说慢一点。Could you say it slowly, please?
I don't understand.我不明白。Sorry, I don't understand.
Is this mine?这是我的吗？Is this blue bag mine?
It's over there.它在那边。Room 12 is over there.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：简短指令与礼貌词
英语指令常直接以动词原形开头；加入 please 可使基础指令更礼貌。
动词原形 + 信息 + please；或 Please + 动词原形 + 信息。
- Spell it, please.请拼写一下。
- Please say it again.请再说一遍。
- Come with me, please.请跟我来。
小心中文直译please 不能代替完整请求；只说 Please! 往往信息不足，要说清希望对方做什么。
5发音实验：关键词重读
听说生存句时，不必每个词同样重。把名字、数字、物品和动作等关键词读清楚。
Spell it AGAIN, please.I need ROOM TWELVE.Is this your NOTEBOOK?Can you HELP me?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Lin's Survival Passport
Lin has three tasks. First, he says his name and spells it. Next, he finds his notebook on the lost-and-found table. Last, he asks for room 12. One helper speaks too fast, so Lin says, “Slowly, please.” He understands the answer and completes every task. His passport gets three stamps.
中文意义支持
林有三项任务。首先，他说出并拼写姓名。接着，他在失物招领桌找到笔记本。最后，他询问12号房间。一位助手说得太快，于是林说：“请慢一点。”他听懂了答案并完成全部任务，护照上得到三枚印章。
读听任务
1. What are Lin's three tasks?
He spells his name, finds his notebook, and asks for room 12.
2. What does Lin say when the helper speaks too fast?
He says, “Slowly, please.”
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
独立完成一段包含身份、物品、求助和修复策略的角色演练。
- I'm ____. It is spelled ____.
- Is this my ____?
- Sorry, slowly, please. Can you show me ____?
参考示范，不要背稿
I'm Lin Wei. It is spelled L-I-N, W-E-I. Is this my notebook? Sorry, slowly, please. Can you show me room 12?
写作迁移
写一张随身“生存英语卡”，包含三条你最需要的句子。
参考文本与自查
Again, please. I don't understand. Can you help me, please?
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示请求重复并不失礼。清楚说明 Again, please 或 Could you say that slowly? 比假装听懂更能保护自己并推动交流。
本课毕业任务完成 A0 生存护照：找一位伙伴扮演工作人员，随机抽取三个任务，不看完整稿完成并自评。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Where Are You From?
你来自哪里？
本课真实任务
在国际社区活动中交流家乡、现居城市和所说语言。
- 我能询问并回答来自哪里。
- 我能区分国家、城市和语言信息。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 抱歉，能再说一次吗？
核对
Sorry? — Sorry? Is this my card? - 请再说一遍。
核对
Again, please. — Again, please. I didn't hear the number. - 请说慢一点。
核对
Slowly, please. — Could you say it slowly, please?
2进入情境
Lin、Ana 和 Omar 在社区欢迎会上查看一张世界地图。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
OmarWhere are you from, Lin?林，你来自哪里？
LinI'm from China. I'm from Chengdu.我来自中国，来自成都。
LinWhat about you?你呢？
OmarI'm from Egypt, but I live in London now.我来自埃及，但现在住在伦敦。
AnaI live in London, too. I'm from Mexico.我也住在伦敦。我来自墨西哥。
LinWhat languages do you speak?你们说什么语言？
AnaI speak Spanish and English.我说西班牙语和英语。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Where are you from?你来自哪里？Where are you from, Ana?
I'm from ...我来自……I'm from China.
I live in ...我住在……I live in London now.
What about you?你呢？I'm from Chengdu. What about you?
What languages do you speak?你说什么语言？What languages do you speak at home?
I speak ...我说……I speak Mandarin and English.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：be 的 Wh-问句
询问信息时，疑问词放最前，再接 am/is/are 和主语。
Wh-word + be + 主语？
- Where are you from?你来自哪里？
- Where is Ana from?Ana 来自哪里？
- What is your home city?你的家乡城市是哪里？
小心中文直译不要说 Where you are from；疑问词后要先放 are：Where are you from?
5发音实验：Where are you 的连读
自然语流中 where are you 会连成一组，但仍要让 where 和 you 清楚可辨。
Where are you from?Where is Ana from?I live in London.I speak Spanish and English.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Cities
Lin is from Chengdu in China. He lives in London now and studies English. Ana is from Mexico City. She speaks Spanish and English. Omar is from Alexandria in Egypt. He speaks Arabic and English. The three friends have different home cities, but they all enjoy the same community club.
中文意义支持
林来自中国成都，现在住在伦敦并学习英语。Ana 来自墨西哥城，会说西班牙语和英语。Omar 来自埃及亚历山大，会说阿拉伯语和英语。三位朋友的家乡不同，但都喜欢同一个社区俱乐部。
读听任务
1. Where does Lin live now?
He lives in London.
2. Which languages does Omar speak?
He speaks Arabic and English.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
介绍家乡与现居地，并向伙伴问两个相关问题。
- I'm from ____.
- I live in ____ now.
- I speak ____. Where are you from?
参考示范，不要背稿
I'm from Chengdu, China. I live in London now. I speak Mandarin and some English. Where are you from?
写作迁移
写一段四句的社区个人简介。
参考文本与自查
I'm Lin Wei. I'm from Chengdu, China. I live in London now. I speak Mandarin and English.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示来自哪里可能指国籍、家乡或现居地。若回答不确定，可温和追问 Do you mean my home city or where I live now?
本课毕业任务采访三个人或虚构三位角色，把国家、城市、语言做成一张小型世界地图。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
This Is My Family
这是我的家人
本课真实任务
借助照片介绍家人或重要的人，并说明人物关系。
- 我能询问照片中的人物是谁。
- 我能用 's 和物主词说明关系与所属。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你来自哪里？
核对
Where are you from? — Where are you from, Ana? - 我来自……
核对
I'm from ... — I'm from China. - 我住在……
核对
I live in ... — I live in London now.
2进入情境
Lin、Ana 和 Omar 在午休时分享对自己重要的人的照片。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AnaIs this your family?这是你的家人吗？
LinYes. This is my mother, and this is my father.是的。这是我妈妈，这是我爸爸。
AnaWho's the girl next to your mother?你妈妈旁边的女孩是谁？
LinShe's my sister, Lan.她是我妹妹兰。
OmarIs that Lan's dog?那是兰的狗吗？
LinYes. Its name is Lucky.是的。它叫 Lucky。
AnaIt's a lovely photo.这张照片真温馨。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Is this your family?这是你的家人吗？Is this your family in the photo?
Who's this?这是谁？Who's this next to you?
This is my ...这是我的……This is my mother.
next to ...在……旁边My sister is next to my father.
Lan's dog兰的狗Lan's dog is called Lucky.
Its name is ...它的名字是……Its name is Lucky.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：名词所有格 's
在人名或单数名词后加 's，表示“某人的……”。its 表示“它的”，不带撇号。
人名 + 's + 名词；my/your/his/her/its + 名词
- This is Lan's dog.这是兰的狗。
- Omar's sister lives here.Omar 的姐姐/妹妹住在这里。
- Its name is Lucky.它的名字是 Lucky。
小心中文直译it's 是 it is 的缩写，its 才是“它的”；Its name is Lucky 不能写成 It's name。
5发音实验：Who's 与 whose
Who's 是 Who is 的缩写；whose 表示“谁的”。两者读音相同，要靠句子结构和意义区分。
Who's this?Whose bag is this?Lan's dogThis is my sister.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Special Photo
Ana has a special photo on her desk. Her mother is in the middle. Ana's brother Luis is on the left, and Ana is on the right. The small child next to Ana is her cousin Mia. Mia has a yellow toy. The family takes this photo every year.
中文意义支持
Ana 的桌上有一张特别的照片。她的妈妈在中间，哥哥/弟弟 Luis 在左边，Ana 在右边。Ana 旁边的小孩是她的表妹 Mia。Mia 有一个黄色玩具。这个家庭每年都会拍这样的照片。
读听任务
1. Who is in the middle of the photo?
Ana's mother is in the middle.
2. What does Mia have?
She has a yellow toy.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
选一张真实或虚构照片，介绍至少三个人及其位置。
- This is my ____.
- ____ is next to ____.
- This is ____'s ____.
参考示范，不要背稿
This is my mother. My sister Lan is next to her. This is Lan's dog, Lucky.
写作迁移
为一张照片写五句英文说明。
参考文本与自查
This is my family. My mother is in the middle. My father is next to her. Lan is my sister. Lucky is Lan's dog.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示family 可指多种家庭和照护关系。询问前尊重对方是否愿意分享；用 friend、partner 或 the people important to me 也可介绍重要的人。
本课毕业任务制作“重要的人”照片说明页，可用真实、虚构或公共人物，至少正确使用两个 's 所有格。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Jobs, Languages and Interests
工作、语言与兴趣
本课真实任务
在社交活动中谈自己的工作或学习、语言和兴趣。
- 我能用一般现在时谈长期事实和兴趣。
- 我能询问别人做什么工作、说什么语言、喜欢什么。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 这是你的家人吗？
核对
Is this your family? — Is this your family in the photo? - 这是谁？
核对
Who's this? — Who's this next to you? - 这是我的……
核对
This is my ... — This is my mother.
2进入情境
三位朋友填写社区技能交换板，寻找可以一起学习的人。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AnaWhat do you do, Lin?林，你是做什么的？
LinI'm a design student. I study at City College.我是设计专业学生，在城市学院学习。
OmarWhat do you like doing?你喜欢做什么？
LinI like drawing and taking photos.我喜欢画画和拍照。
LinWhat about you, Omar?Omar，你呢？
OmarI work as a nurse. I speak Arabic and English.我是一名护士，会说阿拉伯语和英语。
AnaGreat! I like learning languages.太好了！我喜欢学习语言。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What do you do?你是做什么的？Hi, Omar. What do you do?
I work as a ...我的工作是……I work as a nurse.
I study at ...我在……学习I study at City College.
What do you like doing?你喜欢做什么？What do you like doing after work?
I like ...我喜欢……I like drawing.
I'm interested in ...我对……感兴趣I'm interested in music.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：一般现在时：I/you/we/they
一般现在时表达习惯、兴趣和长期事实。I/you/we/they 后直接使用动词原形。
I/You/We/They + 动词原形 + 其他
- I study design.我学习设计。
- We speak English in class.我们在课堂上说英语。
- They like music.他们喜欢音乐。
小心中文直译职业身份通常用 be：I'm a nurse；日常动作才用普通动词：I work at a hospital。
5发音实验：工作与兴趣句的内容词重读
把 job、study、draw、photos 等关键信息读重；I、at、and 常较轻。
I STUDY DESIGN.I WORK as a NURSE.I like DRAWING.I speak ARABIC and ENGLISH.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Skills Board
The community club has a skills board. Ana works as a cook, and she loves music. Omar is a nurse. He likes football and speaks two languages. Lin studies design and takes photos at weekends. They write their interests on the board. Now Ana can find a music partner, and Lin can find a photo group.
中文意义支持
社区俱乐部有一块技能交流板。Ana 是厨师，热爱音乐。Omar 是护士，喜欢足球，会说两种语言。林学习设计，周末拍照。他们把兴趣写在板上。现在 Ana 能找到音乐伙伴，林也能找到摄影小组。
读听任务
1. What does Omar do?
He works as a nurse.
2. Why does Lin write on the board?
He wants to find a photo group.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用四项信息介绍自己：工作/学习、地点、语言、兴趣。
- I work/study ____.
- I speak ____.
- I like ____. I'm interested in ____.
参考示范，不要背稿
I study design at City College. I speak Mandarin and English. I like drawing, and I'm interested in photography.
写作迁移
写一则50词以内的技能交换板简介。
参考文本与自查
Hi, I'm Lin. I study design at City College. I speak Mandarin and English. I like drawing and taking photos. I want a photography partner.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示What do you do? 常用于询问工作，但有些人不希望由职业定义。也可以问 What are you interested in?，给对方更多选择。
本课毕业任务制作一张个人技能交换卡，发布三项你能分享的技能和一项想学习的兴趣。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Meet a New Friend
采访一位新朋友
本课真实任务
进行一次两分钟新朋友采访，并向第三人准确介绍对方。
- 我能用 do/does 提问日常信息。
- 我能在介绍 he/she 时使用第三人称单数动词。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你是做什么的？
核对
What do you do? — Hi, Omar. What do you do? - 我的工作是……
核对
I work as a ... — I work as a nurse. - 我在……学习
核对
I study at ... — I study at City College.
2进入情境
Maya 把大家两两分组，先采访，再向全班介绍自己的搭档。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LinWhere do you live, Ana?Ana，你住在哪里？
AnaI live near Green Street.我住在绿街附近。
LinDo you work or study?你工作还是学习？
AnaI work at a café. I also study English.我在咖啡馆工作，也学习英语。
LinDoes your brother live here, too?你哥哥/弟弟也住在这里吗？
AnaNo, he doesn't. He lives in Mexico City.不，他不住这里。他住在墨西哥城。
LinThanks. Now I can introduce you.谢谢。现在我能介绍你了。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Where do you live?你住在哪里？Where do you live now?
Do you work or study?你工作还是学习？Do you work or study, Ana?
Do you like ...?你喜欢……吗？Do you like music?
Does he/she ...?他/她……吗？Does she speak English?
Yes, he/she does.是的，他/她……Does he work here? Yes, he does.
No, he/she doesn't.不，他/她不……No, she doesn't live here.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：do/does 问句与第三人称 -s
I/you/we/they 的一般现在时问句用 do；he/she/it 用 does。肯定句中 he/she/it 的普通动词通常加 -s。
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形？；He/She + 动词-s
- Do you like music?你喜欢音乐吗？
- Does Ana work here?Ana 在这里工作吗？
- She works at a café.她在一家咖啡馆工作。
小心中文直译does 已经承担第三人称标记，后面的动词用原形：Does she work，不说 Does she works。
5发音实验：第三人称 -s 的声音
-s 可能读 /s/、/z/ 或 /ɪz/。初期重点是不要漏掉词尾，并保持它轻而清楚。
works /s/lives /z/teaches /ɪz/She works and studies.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Lin Introduces Ana
This is my new friend Ana. She comes from Mexico and lives near Green Street now. She works at a café and studies English in the evening. She speaks Spanish and English. She likes music, cooking, and long walks. Her brother does not live here; he lives in Mexico City.
中文意义支持
这是我的新朋友 Ana。她来自墨西哥，现在住在绿街附近。她在一家咖啡馆工作，晚上学习英语。她会说西班牙语和英语，喜欢音乐、烹饪和长距离散步。她的哥哥/弟弟不住这里，他住在墨西哥城。
读听任务
1. Where does Ana work?
She works at a café.
2. Does her brother live near Green Street?
No, he doesn't. He lives in Mexico City.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
采访一位伙伴至少五个问题，再用第三人称向他人介绍伙伴。
- Where do you ____?
- Do you ____?
- This is ____. He/She lives/works/likes ____.
参考示范，不要背稿
This is Ana. She lives near Green Street. She works at a café, speaks two languages, and likes music.
写作迁移
根据采访笔记写一段60至80词的人物简介。
参考文本与自查
This is my new friend Ana. She comes from Mexico and lives near Green Street. She works at a café and studies English. She speaks Spanish and English. She likes music and cooking.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示采访时先问轻松且与场合相关的问题。若对方回避某题，直接转到下一题；不要追问私人身份、收入或家庭细节。
本课毕业任务完成 U03 新朋友采访：提交五个问题、关键词笔记、一段口头介绍和一段书面简介。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
What Time Is It?
现在几点？
本课真实任务
看懂社区活动日历，准确询问并确认日期和钟点。
- 我能询问并说出星期、日期和具体时间。
- 我能用 at、on、in 把活动放到正确的时间里。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你住在哪里？
核对
Where do you live? — Where do you live now? - 你工作还是学习？
核对
Do you work or study? — Do you work or study, Ana? - 你喜欢……吗？
核对
Do you like ...? — Do you like music?
2进入情境
Nina 想参加社区中心的初级英语课，向工作人员 Omar 确认开课安排。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NinaExcuse me, when is the beginner English class?打扰一下，初级英语课是什么时候？
OmarIt's on Wednesday, July tenth.在七月十日，星期三。
NinaWhat time does it start?几点开始？
OmarIt starts at six thirty in the evening.晚上六点半开始。
NinaIs the class every Wednesday?每个星期三都有课吗？
OmarYes. Please come ten minutes early on the first day.是的。第一天请提前十分钟来。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What day is it?今天星期几？What day is it today?
What's the date?今天几号？What's the date today?
When is ...?……是什么时候？When is the class?
What time does it start?它几点开始？What time does the film start?
on Wednesday在星期三We meet on Wednesday.
at six thirty在六点半The class starts at six thirty.
in July在七月My birthday is in July.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：时间介词 at、on、in
at 用于具体钟点，on 用于星期和具体日期，in 用于月份、年份和 morning、afternoon、evening。
at + 钟点；on + 星期/日期；in + 月份/年份/较长时段
- The class starts at six thirty.课程六点半开始。
- We meet on Wednesday.我们星期三见面。
- My birthday is in July.我的生日在七月。
小心中文直译night 前通常用 at：at night。next、this、every 前不加介词，说 next Monday，不说 on next Monday。
5发音实验：辅音与元音连读：at‿eight、on‿April
前一个词以辅音结尾、后一个词以元音开头时，自然连在一起读，中间不要加停顿。
at‿eighton‿April tenthin‿Auguststart‿at six
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：This Week at River Center
River Center has four events this week. The art class is on Monday at five. A short film starts at seven thirty on Wednesday. On Friday evening, the center has a music club. Families can join a picnic on July thirteenth at eleven in the morning. The center is closed on Sunday.
中文意义支持
River Center 本周有四项活动。美术课在星期一五点。星期三七点半有一部短片。星期五晚上，中心有音乐俱乐部。家庭可以在七月十三日上午十一点参加野餐。中心星期日关闭。
读听任务
1. When does the short film start?
It starts at seven thirty on Wednesday.
2. What happens on July thirteenth?
Families can join a picnic.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
查看一张虚构活动表，向同伴询问并确认一个活动的日期和时间。
- When is the [event]?
- It is on [day/date] at [time].
- Great. I'll come at [time].
参考示范，不要背稿
When is the music club? It is on Friday at seven in the evening. Great. I'll come at six fifty.
写作迁移
写一条 40 词左右的活动提醒，必须包含活动、日期、钟点和地点。
参考文本与自查
Reminder: Our English club is on Wednesday, July tenth. It starts at six thirty in the evening at River Center. Please come ten minutes early and bring a notebook.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示英语日期有 July 10 和 10 July 两种常见写法；纯数字日期在不同地区可能顺序不同。重要约定最好写出月份名称。
本课毕业任务制作一张包含五项活动的一周日历；与同伴进行三轮问答，并把对方选择的活动完整记入自己的日历。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
My Daily Routine
我的日常作息
本课真实任务
进行生活习惯小调查，说清自己做某事的时间和频率。
- 我能按顺序描述每天做的事。
- 我能用 always、usually、sometimes、never 询问和表达频率。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 今天星期几？
核对
What day is it? — What day is it today? - 今天几号？
核对
What's the date? — What's the date today? - ……是什么时候？
核对
When is ...? — When is the class?
2进入情境
Kai 和同学 Ruby 为课堂调查讨论早餐、运动和睡前习惯。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
KaiWhat time do you get up?你几点起床？
RubyI usually get up at seven.我通常七点起床。
KaiDo you always eat breakfast?你总是吃早餐吗？
RubyYes, I do. I eat before school.是的。我上学前吃。
KaiHow often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次？
RubyI sometimes walk after dinner, but I never run.我有时晚饭后散步，但我从不跑步。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
get up起床I get up at seven.
eat breakfast吃早餐We eat breakfast at home.
go to work去上班I go to work at eight.
How often do you ...?你多久……一次？How often do you cook?
I usually ...我通常……I usually walk home.
I sometimes ...我有时……I sometimes read at lunch.
I never ...我从不……I never drink coffee at night.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：频率副词
always、usually、sometimes、never 通常放在实义动词前；与 be 动词连用时放在 be 后。
主语 + 频率副词 + 实义动词；主语 + be + 频率副词
- I usually walk to work.我通常走路上班。
- She never drinks coffee.她从不喝咖啡。
- They are always busy on Monday.他们星期一总是很忙。
小心中文直译never 已经含有否定意义，不再加 don't：说 I never smoke，不说 I don't never smoke。
5发音实验：句子重音：突出频率和主要动作
频率副词和主要动词承载关键信息，通常读得更清楚；I、do、you 等词可以轻一些。
I ALWAYS eat breakfast.I USUALLY walk.I SOMETIMES cook.I NEVER run.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Four Small Habits
Mei has four simple habits. She always drinks water after she gets up. She usually takes the stairs at work. At lunchtime, she sometimes walks around the park with a coworker. She never uses her phone during dinner. On busy days, Mei cannot do everything, but she starts again the next morning.
中文意义支持
Mei 有四个简单习惯。她起床后总会喝水。她上班时通常走楼梯。午饭时间，她有时和同事绕公园散步。她吃晚饭时从不使用手机。忙碌的日子里，Mei 无法做到所有事，但第二天早上她会重新开始。
读听任务
1. What does Mei usually do at work?
She usually takes the stairs.
2. When does Mei never use her phone?
She never uses it during dinner.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
采访一位同伴的三个生活习惯，并复述最有趣的答案。
- What time do you [activity]?
- How often do you [activity]?
- I always/usually/sometimes/never [activity].
参考示范，不要背稿
What time do you exercise? I walk at seven in the evening. I usually walk, but I never run.
写作迁移
写 5 句真实或理想中的日常习惯，每句包含时间或频率。
参考文本与自查
I get up at seven. I always drink water in the morning. I usually eat lunch at home. I sometimes ride my bike after work. I never watch TV in bed.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示always 和 never 听起来很绝对。若情况并非百分之百，可以用 usually 或 sometimes，让表达更准确。
本课毕业任务向三个人提同一个 How often ...? 问题，做一张英文小表格，再用两句话报告最常见和最少见的答案。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
There Is a Place
这里有个地方
本课真实任务
向新邻居介绍住所布局和附近的生活设施。
- 我能用 there is/there are 说明某处有什么。
- 我能用 next to、between、near 等词描述简单位置。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 起床
核对
get up — I get up at seven. - 吃早餐
核对
eat breakfast — We eat breakfast at home. - 去上班
核对
go to work — I go to work at eight.
2进入情境
新邻居 Ava 向 Luis 询问公寓和周边设施。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AvaIs there a laundry room in the building?楼里有洗衣房吗？
LuisYes, there is. It's next to the front door.有。它在前门旁边。
AvaAre there any shops near here?这附近有商店吗？
LuisYes. There are two shops across the street.有。街对面有两家商店。
AvaWhat about a bus stop?公交车站呢？
LuisThere's one between the bank and the café.银行和咖啡馆之间有一个。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
There is a ...有一个……There is a park near my home.
There are two ...有两个……There are two shops nearby.
Is there a ...?有一个……吗？Is there a bathroom?
Are there any ...?有……吗？Are there any cafés?
next to在……旁边The kitchen is next to the living room.
between ... and ...在……和……之间The stop is between the bank and the café.
across the street在街对面The store is across the street.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：There is / There are
there is 后接单数或不可数名词，there are 后接复数名词。问句把 is/are 放到 there 前。
There is + 单数/不可数；There are + 复数；Is there ...?；Are there ...?
- There is a small kitchen.有一间小厨房。
- There are two bedrooms.有两间卧室。
- Are there any parks nearby?附近有公园吗？
小心中文直译根据紧跟其后的名词选择 is/are：There is a shop；There are two shops。
5发音实验：/ð/：there、this、that
舌尖轻触上下齿之间，同时让声带振动；不要读成 /d/ 或汉语的‘泽’。
there isthere arethis roomthat building
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Welcome to Pine Street
My apartment is on Pine Street. There is a bright living room and a small kitchen. There are two bedrooms, but there is only one bathroom. Outside, there is a bus stop near the building. A market is across the street, and a quiet park is between the market and the library. I like this neighborhood.
中文意义支持
我的公寓在 Pine Street。里面有一间明亮的客厅和一间小厨房。有两间卧室，但只有一间浴室。楼外附近有公交站。街对面有市场，市场和图书馆之间有一座安静的公园。我喜欢这个社区。
读听任务
1. How many bedrooms are there?
There are two bedrooms.
2. Where is the park?
It is between the market and the library.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
画一个简易住所或社区平面图，不给同伴看图，用英语让对方复原。
- There is a [place] next to [place].
- There are [number] [places] near [place].
- The [place] is between [place] and [place].
参考示范，不要背稿
There is a café next to my building. There are two shops across the street. The bus stop is between the bank and the park.
写作迁移
写 5—6 句介绍你真实或理想中的家和社区。
参考文本与自查
There are two bedrooms in my ideal home. There is a garden behind the house. A market is near my street. The bus stop is next to the market.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示house 通常指独立住宅，apartment/flat 指公寓；apartment 更常见于美式英语，flat 更常见于英式英语。
本课毕业任务制作一张‘理想社区’地图，放入至少八个地点；用 there is/are 和位置词录制一分钟导览。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Day in My Life
我的一天
本课真实任务
从早到晚完整介绍一天，并听懂同伴的作息细节。
- 我能用一般现在时连贯描述一天。
- 我能用 do/does 提问并用完整短句回答。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 有一个……
核对
There is a ... — There is a park near my home. - 有两个……
核对
There are two ... — There are two shops nearby. - 有一个……吗？
核对
Is there a ...? — Is there a bathroom?
2进入情境
新室友 Hana 和 Ben 比较工作日安排，商量何时一起吃晚饭。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HanaWhat do you do in the morning?你早上做什么？
BenI start work at eight. I usually take the bus.我八点上班。我通常坐公交车。
HanaDoes your work finish at five?你的工作五点结束吗？
BenNo, it doesn't. I finish at six.不。我六点结束。
HanaDo you cook in the evening?你晚上做饭吗？
BenYes. Let's have dinner together at seven.做。我们七点一起吃晚饭吧。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
first首先First, I make breakfast.
then然后Then I take the bus.
after that之后After that, I start work.
What do you do ...?你……做什么？What do you do after work?
Does your ...?你的……吗？Does your class finish at five?
Yes, it does.是的。Does it start at nine? Yes, it does.
No, it doesn't.不。Does it finish early? No, it doesn't.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：一般现在时问句与第三人称
I/you/we/they 的问句用 do；he/she/it 的问句用 does。肯定句中 he/she/it 后的动词通常加 -s。
Do + I/you/we/they + 动词原形？；Does + he/she/it + 动词原形？
- Do you work on Friday?你星期五工作吗？
- Does she take the bus?她坐公交车吗？
- He finishes work at six.他六点下班。
小心中文直译does 已包含第三人称变化，所以说 Does she work?，不说 Does she works?。
5发音实验：第三人称词尾 -s/-es：/s/、/z/、/ɪz/
清辅音后常读 /s/，元音或浊辅音后常读 /z/，s、sh、ch 等音后读 /ɪz/。
starts earlytakes a busgoes homefinishes work
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Sam's Tuesday
Sam gets up at six forty-five on Tuesday. First, he feeds his cat. Then he makes toast and tea. He rides his bike to work at eight. After work, Sam buys vegetables near his home. He cooks dinner at seven and calls his parents. At ten thirty, he reads for twenty minutes and goes to bed.
中文意义支持
Sam 星期二六点四十五起床。首先，他喂猫，然后做吐司和茶。八点他骑车上班。下班后，Sam 在家附近买蔬菜。他七点做晚饭并给父母打电话。十点半，他读二十分钟书，然后睡觉。
读听任务
1. How does Sam go to work?
He rides his bike.
2. What does Sam do at ten thirty?
He reads and then goes to bed.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用时间轴讲述一个工作日，再回答同伴的两个追问。
- First, I [activity] at [time].
- Then/After that, I [activity].
- In the evening, I usually [activity].
参考示范，不要背稿
First, I get up at seven. Then I take the train to work. After that, I work until five. In the evening, I usually cook and read.
写作迁移
写 60 词左右的 My Day 短文，包含五个动作、三个时间和两个连接词。
参考文本与自查
I get up at seven. First, I drink water and make breakfast. Then I walk to class at eight. I eat lunch with a friend at twelve. After that, I study in the library. In the evening, I cook dinner and call my family.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示闲聊作息时，英语使用者常用 follow-up question 表示关注，如 How about you? 或 What do you do after work?。
本课毕业任务录制 60 秒‘我的一天’，随后不看稿回答同伴两个问题；用清单自查时间、顺序词和第三人称变化。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Food and Quantity
食物与数量
本课真实任务
检查家中食材并列购物清单，说清有哪些、缺哪些和需要多少。
- 我能区分常见可数与不可数食物名词。
- 我能用 some、any、much、many 询问和表达数量。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 首先
核对
first — First, I make breakfast. - 然后
核对
then — Then I take the bus. - 之后
核对
after that — After that, I start work.
2进入情境
Noah 和 Emma 准备做晚饭，先检查厨房里的食材。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NoahLet's make vegetable soup tonight.我们今晚做蔬菜汤吧。
EmmaGood idea. Do we have any tomatoes?好主意。我们有西红柿吗？
NoahYes, we have some, but we don't have any onions.有一些，但没有洋葱。
EmmaHow much rice do we have?我们有多少米？
NoahOnly a little. We need two bags.只有一点。我们需要两袋。
EmmaOkay. I'll make a shopping list.好的。我来列购物清单。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Do we have any ...?我们有……吗？Do we have any eggs?
We have some ...我们有一些……We have some tomatoes.
We don't have any ...我们没有……We don't have any milk.
How many ...?多少个……？How many apples do we need?
How much ...?多少……？How much rice do we have?
a bottle of一瓶……We need a bottle of water.
a bag of一袋……Please buy a bag of rice.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：可数与不可数名词；some/any
可数名词可直接计数，用 how many；不可数名词用 how much。肯定句常用 some，否定句和一般疑问句常用 any。
some/any + 复数可数名词或不可数名词；How many + 复数？；How much + 不可数？
- We have some apples.我们有一些苹果。
- There isn't any milk.没有牛奶。
- How much rice do you need?你需要多少米？
小心中文直译bread、rice、milk 通常不可数，不直接说 two breads；可说 two pieces of bread。
5发音实验：/æ/ 与 /e/：apple 和 egg
读 /æ/ 时嘴张得更大、舌位更低；读 /e/ 时开口较小。先慢读，再放入短语。
an applea red peppersome breadten eggs
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Mina's Shopping List
Mina wants to cook noodles for three friends. She has some noodles and two eggs at home. She does not have any meat or green vegetables. At the market, she buys some chicken, three carrots, and a bag of spinach. She also gets four oranges because her friends like fruit after dinner.
中文意义支持
Mina 想为三个朋友做面条。家里有面条和两个鸡蛋，但没有肉和绿色蔬菜。她在市场买了鸡肉、三根胡萝卜和一袋菠菜。她还买了四个橙子，因为朋友们喜欢饭后吃水果。
读听任务
1. What does Mina have at home?
She has some noodles and two eggs.
2. Why does she buy oranges?
Because her friends like fruit after dinner.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
想象要为两位朋友做一顿饭，先说家里有什么，再说需要买多少。
- We have some [food].
- We don't have any [food].
- We need [number/container] of [food].
参考示范，不要背稿
We have some rice and two eggs. We don't have any chicken. We need a bag of spinach and three carrots.
写作迁移
写一份分类购物清单，并用 4 句话说明已有和仍需购买的食材。
参考文本与自查
We have some pasta and one tomato. We don't have any cheese. We need some cheese, two onions, and a bottle of water. I also want three apples.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示商店可能按重量或按件售卖蔬果。说 a kilo of apples、a bottle of water，比只报名词更清楚。
本课毕业任务画一个装有十种食物的冰箱；同伴不能看图，通过 Do you have any ...? 提问并还原内容。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
At a Café
在咖啡馆点餐
本课真实任务
读懂简短菜单，礼貌地点一份饮料和餐食并确认订单。
- 我能用 I'd like 和 Can I have 礼貌点餐。
- 我能听懂店员对大小、冷热和堂食外带的确认。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我们有……吗？
核对
Do we have any ...? — Do we have any eggs? - 我们有一些……
核对
We have some ... — We have some tomatoes. - 我们没有……
核对
We don't have any ... — We don't have any milk.
2进入情境
Sara 第一次到 Maple Café，在柜台点午餐。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ServerHello. What would you like?你好。您想要什么？
SaraI'd like a cheese sandwich, please.我想要一份奶酪三明治。
ServerWould you like a drink?您想来一杯饮料吗？
SaraYes. Can I have a small hot tea?好的。可以给我一小杯热茶吗？
ServerOf course. Is that for here or to go?当然。堂食还是外带？
SaraFor here, please. That's all, thank you.堂食。就这些，谢谢。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What would you like?您想要什么？What would you like to drink?
I'd like ...我想要……I'd like a sandwich, please.
Can I have ...?可以给我……吗？Can I have a hot tea?
Would you like ...?您想要……吗？Would you like a drink?
for here堂食It's for here, please.
to go外带Two coffees to go, please.
That's all.就这些。That's all, thank you.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：礼貌请求 would like
would like 比 want 更适合服务场景。I'd like 是 I would like 的缩写；后接名词或 to + 动词。
I'd like + 名词；I'd like to + 动词；Would you like + 名词？
- I'd like a bowl of soup.我想要一碗汤。
- I'd like to order now.我想现在点餐。
- Would you like some water?您想要一些水吗？
小心中文直译不要说 I like a coffee 来完成当下点单；I like 表示一般喜好，I'd like 才表示‘我想要’。
5发音实验：礼貌语调与 please 的位置
请求时保持柔和语调；please 可放句尾并稍作停顿，不需要每个词都重读。
A tea, please.I'd like a sandwich.Can I have some water?For here, please.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Quick Lunch
At noon, Daniel visits a small café near work. He orders tomato soup and a chicken sandwich. The server asks about a drink, so Daniel chooses cold water. He eats at a table by the window. Before he leaves, he buys a blueberry cake to go for his coworker. His lunch is twelve dollars.
中文意义支持
中午，Daniel 去公司附近的一家小咖啡馆。他点了番茄汤和鸡肉三明治。店员询问饮料，所以他选了冷水。他坐在窗边用餐。离开前，他为同事买了一块蓝莓蛋糕外带。他的午餐共十二美元。
读听任务
1. What does Daniel drink?
He drinks cold water.
2. Who is the cake for?
It is for his coworker.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
两人轮换扮演店员和顾客，完成包含一次确认的点餐。
- I'd like a [food], please.
- Can I have a [size/hot/cold] [drink]?
- For here/To go, please.
参考示范，不要背稿
I'd like a vegetable sandwich, please. Can I have a small cold juice? For here, please. That's all, thank you.
写作迁移
从虚构菜单中选择午餐，写下完整订单和一个特殊要求。
参考文本与自查
I'd like the tomato soup and a cheese sandwich. Can I have the sandwich without onions, please? I'd also like a small hot tea to go.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示英语服务场景常用 please、thank you 和简短问候。是否给小费因国家和服务形式而异，应查看当地习惯和账单说明。
本课毕业任务设计一张含八种商品和价格的英文迷你菜单；邀请同伴点餐，并准确记录其完整订单。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
How Much Is It?
这个多少钱？
本课真实任务
在服装店询问价格、颜色和尺码，并决定是否购买。
- 我能询问单件和多件商品的价格。
- 我能用 this、that、these、those 指明想看的商品。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 您想要什么？
核对
What would you like? — What would you like to drink? - 我想要……
核对
I'd like ... — I'd like a sandwich, please. - 可以给我……吗？
核对
Can I have ...? — Can I have a hot tea?
2进入情境
Leo 在旅行中需要一件外套，请店员帮助他选择。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LeoExcuse me, how much is this jacket?打扰一下，这件夹克多少钱？
ClerkIt's forty-five dollars.四十五美元。
LeoDo you have it in blue?有蓝色的吗？
ClerkYes. What size do you need?有。您需要什么尺码？
LeoA medium, please. How much are those gloves?中码。那副手套多少钱？
ClerkThey're twelve dollars. You can try everything on here.十二美元。您可以在这里试穿。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How much is this ...?这个……多少钱？How much is this shirt?
How much are these ...?这些……多少钱？How much are these shoes?
Do you have it in ...?它有……颜色的吗？Do you have it in black?
What size do you need?您需要什么尺码？What size do you need?
Can I try it on?我可以试穿吗？Can I try this coat on?
I'll take it.我要了。It fits well. I'll take it.
That's too expensive.那太贵了。Sorry, that's too expensive.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：this/that/these/those 与价格问句
this、that 指单数，价格问句用 is；these、those 指复数，价格问句用 are。this/these 较近，that/those 较远。
How much is this/that + 单数？；How much are these/those + 复数？
- How much is this hat?这顶帽子多少钱？
- That coat is black.那件外套是黑色的。
- How much are those shoes?那双鞋多少钱？
小心中文直译clothes 是复数，不能说 this clothes；指一件时说 this shirt/coat，泛指多件时说 these clothes。
5发音实验：/ð/ 与 /θ/：this 和 three
两个音都把舌尖轻放齿间；/ð/ 声带振动，/θ/ 只有气流。
this shirtthat jacketthese shoesthirty-three dollars
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Gift for Dad
Lina wants a birthday gift for her father. She sees a brown hat for eighteen dollars, but it is too small. A blue scarf is twenty-two dollars and feels soft. The clerk also shows her black gloves for fifteen dollars. Lina has twenty-five dollars, so she buys the scarf and asks for a gift bag.
中文意义支持
Lina 想给爸爸买生日礼物。她看到一顶十八美元的棕色帽子，但帽子太小。一条蓝色围巾二十二美元，摸起来很柔软。店员还给她看了十五美元的黑手套。Lina 有二十五美元，所以她买了围巾并要了礼品袋。
读听任务
1. Why doesn't Lina buy the hat?
Because it is too small.
2. What does Lina buy?
She buys the blue scarf.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
使用商品卡和预算卡完成一轮询价、颜色或尺码确认及购买决定。
- How much is/are [item]?
- Do you have it/them in [color/size]?
- I'll take it/them. / That's too expensive.
参考示范，不要背稿
How much are these shoes? Do you have them in black, size eight? They fit well. I'll take them.
写作迁移
写一段 45 词左右的购物对话，包含价格、颜色或尺码以及最终决定。
参考文本与自查
How much is this green shirt? It's twenty dollars. Do you have it in a small? Yes, here you are. Can I try it on? It fits well, so I'll take it.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示服装尺码在不同国家和品牌间并不统一。旅行购物时，与其只说号码，不如询问尺码表或先试穿。
本课毕业任务创建六张商品卡，每张写价格、颜色和尺码；与同伴用限定预算进行三次比较并完成购买。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Café and Shop Challenge
咖啡馆与商店模拟
本课真实任务
在限定预算内先完成点餐，再为朋友购买一件小礼物。
- 我能在咖啡馆和商店中完成连续的服务对话。
- 我能礼貌地说明选择、询问总价并检查找零。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 这个……多少钱？
核对
How much is this ...? — How much is this shirt? - 这些……多少钱？
核对
How much are these ...? — How much are these shoes? - 它有……颜色的吗？
核对
Do you have it in ...? — Do you have it in black?
2进入情境
Mina 只有二十五美元，要在车站吃午餐并为朋友买一张卡片。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ServerWhat would you like today?您今天想要什么？
MinaI'd like the soup and a small tea, please. How much is that?我想要汤和一小杯茶。一共多少钱？
ServerIt's nine dollars altogether.一共九美元。
MinaThank you. Now, how much are these birthday cards?谢谢。那么，这些生日卡多少钱？
ClerkThey're four dollars each, or two for seven dollars.每张四美元，两张七美元。
MinaI'll take two. Here is twenty dollars.我要两张。给您二十美元。
ClerkThank you. Here is your change.谢谢。这是找您的钱。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How much is that altogether?一共多少钱？Two coffees, please. How much is that altogether?
each每个/每件The cards are four dollars each.
two for ...两个共……These cakes are two for five dollars.
I'll take ...我要……I'll take two cards.
Here is ...给您……Here is twenty dollars.
Here is your change.这是找您的钱。Thank you. Here is your change.
Could I have a receipt?可以给我收据吗？Could I have a receipt, please?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：服务场景中的 want 与 would like
want 表达一般需要；面对店员提出当下请求时，would like 或 could I have 更礼貌。
I want + 名词；I'd like + 名词；Could I have + 名词？
- I want a gift for my friend.我想给朋友买礼物。
- I'd like a small tea, please.我想要一小杯茶。
- Could I have a receipt?可以给我收据吗？
小心中文直译直接说 I want coffee 并非语法错误，但服务场景中可能显得生硬；加 I'd like 和 please 更自然。
5发音实验：数字重音：-teen 与 -ty
thirteen 等 -teen 常重读后半；thirty 等 -ty 常重读前半。结账时说慢一点并可重复确认。
THIRteenTHIRtyFOURteen dollarsFORty dollars
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Ravi's Twenty Dollars
Ravi has twenty dollars at the station. He buys a cheese sandwich for six dollars and water for two. In the gift shop, postcards are three dollars each. He chooses two postcards and pays six dollars. Ravi spends fourteen dollars altogether, so he still has six dollars for the bus home.
中文意义支持
Ravi 在车站有二十美元。他花六美元买奶酪三明治，花两美元买水。礼品店的明信片每张三美元。他选了两张并支付六美元。Ravi 总共花了十四美元，因此还剩六美元坐公交车回家。
读听任务
1. How much does Ravi spend on food and water?
He spends eight dollars.
2. How much money does he have at the end?
He has six dollars.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
抽取预算卡、菜单和礼品卡，在两处柜台完成对话并口头核对余额。
- I'd like [food/drink], please.
- How much is/are [item] altogether?
- I'll take [quantity]. Here is [amount].
参考示范，不要背稿
I'd like a soup and water, please. How much is that altogether? I'll take one card too. Here is twenty dollars. Could I have a receipt?
写作迁移
记录两次购买的商品、单价、总价和余额，并写 4 句购物日志。
参考文本与自查
I had twenty-five dollars. Lunch was nine dollars. I bought two cards for seven dollars. I spent sixteen dollars altogether, so I had nine dollars left.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示现金付款时，店员可能先说收到的金额，再报找零。货币、税费和小费规则因地区而异，预算时要查看标价是否含税。
本课毕业任务三人轮换扮演咖啡馆店员、商店店员和顾客；每轮使用新预算，保存订单、收据和余额作为任务证据。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Finding the Way
问路与指路
本课真实任务
在陌生街区礼貌问路，并根据指令找到目的地。
- 我能使用 go straight、turn left/right 等简单指路语。
- 我能询问地点并通过复述确认路线。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 一共多少钱？
核对
How much is that altogether? — Two coffees, please. How much is that altogether? - 每个/每件
核对
each — The cards are four dollars each. - 两个共……
核对
two for ... — These cakes are two for five dollars.
2进入情境
游客 Alex 在地铁口询问去城市博物馆的路线。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AlexExcuse me, how do I get to the city museum?打扰一下，请问怎么去城市博物馆？
MayaGo straight for two blocks, then turn left at King Street.直走两个街区，然后在 King Street 左转。
AlexDo I cross the bridge?我要过桥吗？
MayaNo. Walk past the bank. The museum is on your right.不用。走过银行，博物馆就在你的右边。
AlexIs it next to the library?它在图书馆旁边吗？
MayaYes, exactly. It's about five minutes from here.对，没错。离这里大约五分钟。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How do I get to ...?我怎么去……？How do I get to the station?
Go straight.直走。Go straight for one block.
Turn left/right.左转/右转。Turn right at the bank.
walk past走过……Walk past the supermarket.
on your left/right在你的左边/右边The café is on your left.
How far is it?有多远？How far is it from here?
It's about ... minutes.大约……分钟。It's about ten minutes.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：祈使句与路线顺序
指路时用动词原形开头构成祈使句；用 first、then、after that 说明先后。否定指令用 don't + 动词原形。
动词原形 + 其他；Don't + 动词原形；First ..., then ...
- Go straight for two blocks.直走两个街区。
- Then turn left at the bank.然后在银行左转。
- Don't cross the bridge.不要过桥。
小心中文直译指令句不需要 you：说 Turn right，不说 You turn right，除非是在强调对比。
5发音实验：/l/ 与 /r/：left 和 right
/l/ 时舌尖碰上齿龈；/r/ 时舌头不碰上颚、嘴唇略圆。慢读后交替练习。
left—rightlight—rightturn lefton your right
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：From the Hotel to the Market
Leave the hotel and turn right. Walk straight to the traffic lights. Cross Green Street and walk past a pharmacy. At the bakery, turn left. The market is the large building on your right, across from a small park. It takes about eight minutes. Do not turn at the bank; that road goes to the station.
中文意义支持
离开酒店后右转。直走到交通灯处，穿过 Green Street，再走过一家药店。在面包店左转。市场是右侧的大楼，在一座小公园对面。大约需要八分钟。不要在银行处转弯，那条路通往车站。
读听任务
1. Where do you turn left?
You turn left at the bakery.
2. What is across from the market?
A small park is across from the market.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
一人看地图指路，另一人移动标记并复述关键转弯，最后核对终点。
- How do I get to [place]?
- Go straight, then turn [left/right] at [place].
- So I [repeat route]. Is that right?
参考示范，不要背稿
How do I get to the library? Go straight, then turn left at the bank. So I walk past the café and turn left. Is that right?
写作迁移
从学校、家或车站到一个地点写 5 步路线，每步使用明确动作。
参考文本与自查
Leave the station and turn left. Go straight for one block. Cross Lake Street. Walk past the café. The library is on your right, next to the park.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示问路先说 Excuse me，得到帮助后说 Thank you。不同地区对 block 的使用不同，也可以用路口或地标确认路线。
本课毕业任务绘制六地点街区图，写两条不同路线；让同伴仅听指令走图，记录误解处并改写得更清楚。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
What Are You Doing?
你正在做什么？
本课真实任务
在电话中描述此刻正在发生的事，并询问他人的当前活动。
- 我能用现在进行时描述正在发生的动作。
- 我能区分日常习惯和此刻正在做的事。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我怎么去……？
核对
How do I get to ...? — How do I get to the station? - 直走。
核对
Go straight. — Go straight for one block. - 左转/右转。
核对
Turn left/right. — Turn right at the bank.
2进入情境
Eli 打电话给 Zoe，想知道她为什么还没到公园。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EliHi, Zoe. Where are you?嗨，Zoe。你在哪里？
ZoeI'm at the bus stop. I'm waiting for the number ten bus.我在公交站。我正在等十路公交车。
EliIs the bus coming now?公交车现在来了吗？
ZoeNo, it isn't. Two people are checking the schedule.没有。两个人正在查看时刻表。
EliWe're sitting near the park gate.我们正坐在公园门口附近。
ZoeOkay. The bus is coming now. See you soon!好的。公交车现在来了。待会儿见！
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What are you doing?你正在做什么？What are you doing now?
I'm waiting for ...我正在等……I'm waiting for the bus.
Is it coming?它来了吗？Is the train coming?
He/She is ...ing他/她正在……She is checking the map.
They are ...ing他们正在……They are walking home.
right now此刻I am working right now.
See you soon.待会儿见。The bus is here. See you soon.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：现在进行时
用 be + 动词-ing 表示说话此刻正在发生的动作。am 跟 I，is 跟 he/she/it，are 跟 you/we/they。
主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing；Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing？
- I am waiting for the bus.我正在等公交车。
- She is reading the map.她正在看地图。
- Are they walking home?他们正走路回家吗？
小心中文直译不能漏掉 be：说 She is reading，不说 She reading。一般习惯用一般现在时：She reads every night。
5发音实验：词尾 -ing /ɪŋ/
结尾是鼻音 /ŋ/，舌后部抬起；不要读成清晰的 /g/，也不要额外加一个元音。
waitingreadingwalkingWhat are you doing?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Busy Square
It is five o'clock in City Square. A musician is playing the guitar near the fountain. Two children are dancing, and their father is taking a video. A woman is reading on a bench. Three office workers are buying drinks from a small cart. It usually feels quiet here, but today everyone is enjoying the warm evening.
中文意义支持
现在是五点，地点在 City Square。一名音乐家正在喷泉旁弹吉他。两个孩子在跳舞，他们的爸爸正在拍视频。一名女士坐在长椅上阅读。三名上班族正在小推车旁买饮料。这里平常很安静，但今天大家都在享受温暖的傍晚。
读听任务
1. What is the musician doing?
The musician is playing the guitar.
2. Who is taking a video?
The children's father is taking a video.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
观察一张多人场景图，用五句话描述，再回答同伴的两个 What is/are ... doing? 问题。
- [Person] is [verb-ing] near [place].
- Two/Three people are [verb-ing].
- What is/are [person] doing?
参考示范，不要背稿
A man is reading near the window. Two children are drawing. Their mother is talking on the phone. What is the dog doing? It is sleeping.
写作迁移
想象你在车站、公园或家中，写 50 词左右的‘此刻现场’。
参考文本与自查
I am sitting in a café now. My friend is ordering tea. Two students are talking near us. A server is cleaning a table, and a child is looking out the window. It is raining outside.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示电话开头直接问 Where are you? 在熟人间很常见；正式或不熟的场合先表明身份和来意会更礼貌。
本课毕业任务拍摄或选择一张不含隐私的公共场景图，录制 45 秒现场描述；第二天再用一般现在时说那里通常发生什么。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Yesterday and Last Weekend
昨天与上周末
本课真实任务
讲述上周末的一段简单经历，并追问时间、地点和感受。
- 我能用常见过去式讲述已经结束的活动。
- 我能用 Did ...? 询问过去并作简短回答。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你正在做什么？
核对
What are you doing? — What are you doing now? - 我正在等……
核对
I'm waiting for ... — I'm waiting for the bus. - 它来了吗？
核对
Is it coming? — Is the train coming?
2进入情境
周一早晨，Nora 和 Jay 聊起各自的周末。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NoraHow was your weekend?你周末过得怎么样？
JayIt was great. I visited my cousin on Saturday.很棒。我星期六看望了表弟。
NoraWhat did you do together?你们一起做了什么？
JayWe cooked lunch and played basketball.我们做了午饭，还打了篮球。
NoraDid you stay there on Sunday?你星期日也待在那里吗？
JayNo, I didn't. I went home Saturday evening.没有。我星期六晚上回家了。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How was your weekend?你周末过得怎么样？Hi, how was your weekend?
I visited ...我拜访了……I visited my cousin.
What did you do?你做了什么？What did you do on Sunday?
Did you ...?你……了吗？Did you stay at home?
Yes, I did.是的。Did you cook? Yes, I did.
No, I didn't.没有。Did you work? No, I didn't.
I went ...我去了……I went to the park.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：一般过去时入门
已结束的过去动作使用过去式。规则动词通常加 -ed；go、have 等常见动词有不规则形式。问句用 did，后接动词原形。
主语 + 动词过去式；Did + 主语 + 动词原形？；主语 + didn't + 动词原形
- We played basketball yesterday.我们昨天打了篮球。
- She went to the park.她去了公园。
- Did you watch the film?你看了那部电影吗？
小心中文直译did 后用原形：说 Did you go?，不说 Did you went?；didn't 后也用原形。
5发音实验：规则过去式 -ed：/t/、/d/、/ɪd/
清辅音后常读 /t/，元音或浊辅音后常读 /d/，t 或 d 后读 /ɪd/。
watched /t/played /d/visited /ɪd/cooked and talked
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Rainy Saturday
Last Saturday, I planned a picnic with my sister. We walked to the park, but heavy rain started at noon. We did not go home. We found a small museum across the street and went inside. We looked at old city photos and talked to a guide. The rainy day became an interesting day.
中文意义支持
上星期六，我原计划和妹妹野餐。我们走到公园，但中午下起大雨。我们没有回家，而是发现街对面有一座小博物馆并走了进去。我们看了城市旧照片，还和一名讲解员交谈。雨天变成了有趣的一天。
读听任务
1. Why didn't they have a picnic?
Because heavy rain started.
2. What did they do in the museum?
They looked at old photos and talked to a guide.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用三张时间卡讲述周末经历，同伴必须追问两个细节。
- Last [day], I [past action].
- Then I [past action], but [event].
- Did you [base verb]? — Yes, I did./No, I didn't.
参考示范，不要背稿
Last Saturday, I visited a friend. Then we cooked lunch, but we didn't watch the film. Did you go out on Sunday? No, I didn't.
写作迁移
写 60 词左右的周末记录，包含时间、地点、三个过去动作和一个感受。
参考文本与自查
Last Sunday, I went to the river with my family. We walked, took photos, and ate sandwiches. It started to rain, so we visited a café. I had hot chocolate there. We went home at five. It was a simple but happy day.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示How was your weekend? 是星期一常见寒暄。回答不必很长；先给总体感受，再补一两件事，并回问对方即可。
本课毕业任务制作三格‘上周末故事板’，每格写一个过去动作；不看全文讲 60 秒，再根据同伴问题补充两个细节。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Weekend in the City
城市周末任务与 A1 测评
本课真实任务
与同伴制定可执行的城市周末计划，并在综合情境中证明 A1 沟通能力。
- 我能讨论计划并确认时间、路线、餐食和预算。
- 我能在未背稿的简短互动中听懂问题、作答并追问。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你周末过得怎么样？
核对
How was your weekend? — Hi, how was your weekend? - 我拜访了……
核对
I visited ... — I visited my cousin. - 你做了什么？
核对
What did you do? — What did you do on Sunday?
2进入情境
Ari 和 Bella 有一个空闲周六，他们查看城市活动表并共同制定行程。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AriWhat are you going to do on Saturday?你星期六打算做什么？
BellaI'm going to visit the city market. Would you like to come?我打算去城市市场。你想一起来吗？
AriYes. What time are we going to meet?好。我们几点见面？
BellaLet's meet at nine thirty outside the station.我们九点半在车站外见吧。
AriAfter the market, can we have lunch near the museum?逛完市场后，我们可以在博物馆附近吃午饭吗？
BellaGood idea. There's a café across from it, and lunch is about twelve dollars.好主意。它对面有一家咖啡馆，午餐大约十二美元。
AriGreat. I'll bring the map and twenty-five dollars.太好了。我会带地图和二十五美元。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What are you going to do?你打算做什么？What are you going to do on Sunday?
I'm going to ...我打算……I'm going to visit the market.
Would you like to come?你想一起来吗？We're going to the park. Would you like to come?
Let's meet at ...我们……见吧Let's meet at nine thirty.
How do we get there?我们怎么去那里？How do we get there from the station?
How much do we need?我们需要多少钱？How much do we need for lunch?
That works for me.我可以/这个安排适合我。Saturday at ten? That works for me.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：be going to 表达计划
用 am/is/are going to + 动词原形表达已经有想法或安排的未来计划。问句把 am/is/are 放到主语前。
主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形；Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形？
- I'm going to visit the market.我打算去市场。
- She is going to take the bus.她打算坐公交车。
- Are you going to eat there?你打算在那里吃饭吗？
小心中文直译going to 后接动词原形：说 going to visit，不说 going to visiting。不要漏掉 am/is/are。
5发音实验：自然语流中的 going to
先清楚读 going to，再逐渐连贯；正式展示和初学阶段不必刻意模仿过度缩读。
I'm going to go.We're going to meet.Are you going to eat?She's going to take the bus.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Saturday Plan
Tess and Mo are going to spend Saturday downtown. They are going to meet at Central Station at ten. First, they plan to visit a free photo show. At noon, they are going to share a pizza for fourteen dollars. Then they want to walk by the river. If it rains, they are going to visit the library instead.
中文意义支持
Tess 和 Mo 打算星期六在市中心度过。他们十点在 Central Station 见面。首先，他们计划参观一个免费的摄影展。中午，他们打算合吃一份十四美元的披萨。然后他们想沿河散步。如果下雨，他们就改去图书馆。
读听任务
1. Where and when are Tess and Mo going to meet?
They are going to meet at Central Station at ten.
2. What are they going to do if it rains?
They are going to visit the library.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
A1 口语测评：抽取活动、地图和预算卡，与同伴在 4 分钟内商定周六行程并处理一个变化。
- We're going to [activity] on [day] at [time].
- How do we get there, and how much do we need?
- If [problem], let's [new plan].
参考示范，不要背稿
We're going to visit the market on Saturday at ten. We can take bus eight, and we need about twenty dollars. If it rains, let's visit the museum instead.
写作迁移
A1 写作测评：写 70—90 词城市周末计划，包含见面安排、两项活动、交通、餐食、预算和备用方案。
参考文本与自查
On Saturday, I'm going to meet Lina at the station at nine thirty. First, we're going to take the bus to the city market. Then we're going to eat lunch at a small café. We need about twenty-five dollars each. After lunch, we want to visit the museum. If it rains, we can stay longer at the museum and take the train home.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示共同计划时，英语交流常用 How about ...?、That works for me 和 Let's ... 协商，而不是只连续陈述个人决定。
本课毕业任务完成 A1 结业档案：提交周末行程表、路线图、预算单、70—90 词计划和 4 分钟未背稿对话；按任务完成、可懂度、互动和准确度各 1—4 分自评。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Booking a Trip
预订一次旅行
本课真实任务
比较两个出行方案，并用英语确认一项真实可执行的预订。
- I can ask about dates, times, and availability.
- I can confirm a future travel arrangement.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你打算做什么？
核对
What are you going to do? — What are you going to do on Sunday? - 我打算……
核对
I'm going to ... — I'm going to visit the market. - 你想一起来吗？
核对
Would you like to come? — We're going to the park. Would you like to come?
2进入情境
林悦打电话给旅行服务台，准备预订周末去杭州的火车。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AgentGood morning. How can I help you?早上好。有什么可以帮您？
LinI'd like to book a train to Hangzhou for next Saturday.我想预订下周六去杭州的火车。
AgentCertainly. What time would you like to leave?当然。您想几点出发？
LinIs there one leaving around nine in the morning?有早上九点左右出发的吗？
AgentYes. The 9:12 train arrives at 10:05. Are you returning the same day?有。9点12分的车10点05分到。您当天返回吗？
LinNo, I'm staying one night and coming back on Sunday afternoon.不，我住一晚，周日下午回来。
AgentGreat. I'll reserve a window seat for both journeys.好的。我会为两段行程都预留靠窗座位。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I'd like to book...我想预订……I'd like to book a room for two nights.
Is there one leaving...?有……出发的吗？Is there one leaving after six?
around nine九点左右Let's meet around nine.
the same day同一天We can return the same day.
stay one night住一晚We're staying one night near the lake.
reserve a seat预留座位Could you reserve an aisle seat?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Present continuous for future arrangements
用现在进行时表达已经安排好、通常已有具体时间或地点的未来计划。
subject + am/is/are + verb-ing + future time
- I'm leaving next Saturday.我下周六出发。
- We're staying near the station tonight.我们今晚住在车站附近。
- Are you returning on Sunday?你周日回来吗？
小心中文直译不要把所有愿望都用现在进行时；没有安排的想法更适合用 want to 或 would like to。
5发音实验：时间表达中的弱读与连读
自然语流中 to 常弱读为 /tə/，going_to、back_on 会连起来，但关键词和时间仍需重读。
to Hangzhouleaving around nineback on Sundaystaying one night
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Simple Weekend Itinerary
Mina is taking the 8:40 train to Suzhou on Saturday morning. She is meeting her cousin at the station at ten. They are visiting a garden before lunch and taking a boat ride in the afternoon. Mina is staying at a small hotel near the old town. On Sunday, she is having breakfast with her cousin and returning home on the 3:15 train.
中文意义支持
米娜周六早上乘8点40分的火车去苏州。她十点在车站和表姐见面。午饭前她们参观一座园林，下午乘船。米娜住在古城附近的一家小旅馆。周日，她和表姐一起吃早餐，然后乘3点15分的火车回家。
读听任务
1. When is Mina meeting her cousin?
At ten on Saturday morning.
2. Where is Mina staying?
At a small hotel near the old town.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
选择一座周末想去的城市，向售票员询问并确认去程、返程和座位。
- I'd like to book...
- Is there one leaving around...?
- I'm returning on...
参考示范，不要背稿
I'd like to book a train to Nanjing for next Saturday. Is there one leaving around eight? I'm returning on Sunday evening, and I'd prefer a window seat.
写作迁移
写一条60—80词的行程确认信息，包含日期、时间、住宿和返程。
参考文本与自查
Hi Wei, our trip is confirmed. We're taking the 8:05 train on Saturday and arriving at 9:30. We're staying one night near the museum. On Sunday, we're visiting the river area and returning on the 5:20 train. Please meet me at the station at 7:40.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示日期格式因地区而异。为避免把 04/05 理解成4月5日或5月4日，预订时最好写出月份名称并重复确认。
本课毕业任务查一条真实或模拟交通线路，制作双程行程卡，再与同伴完成两分钟预订对话。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
At the Airport or Station
在机场或车站
本课真实任务
根据时间、价格和便利程度比较三种交通方案并作出选择。
- I can understand common travel announcements.
- I can compare travel options and explain my choice.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我想预订……
核对
I'd like to book... — I'd like to book a room for two nights. - 有……出发的吗？
核对
Is there one leaving...? — Is there one leaving after six? - 九点左右
核对
around nine — Let's meet around nine.
2进入情境
三位朋友正在车站信息屏前选择去机场的交通方式。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
RosaThe airport train is the fastest option, but it's also the most expensive.机场快线最快，但也是最贵的。
BenThe express bus is cheaper. How long does it take?机场大巴更便宜。要多久？
RosaAbout fifty minutes, if traffic is light.如果交通顺畅，大约五十分钟。
LinOur flight boards at 2:20, so the train feels safer.我们的航班2点20分登机，所以坐火车更稳妥。
BenYou're right. Missing the flight would be much worse.你说得对。误机可糟糕多了。
RosaThen let's take the 11:30 train from platform four.那我们就坐11点30分从四号站台出发的火车吧。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
the fastest option最快的选择Walking is the slowest option.
How long does it take?要花多长时间？How long does the bus take?
if traffic is light如果交通顺畅It takes an hour if traffic is light.
board a flight登机We board the flight at 2:20.
miss the flight误机Leave early so you don't miss the flight.
from platform four从四号站台The train leaves from platform four.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Comparatives and superlatives
比较两项用比较级，比较三项或一个群体中的最高程度用最高级。长形容词通常搭配 more/most。
A is adjective-er/more adjective than B; A is the adjective-est/most adjective
- The bus is cheaper than the train.大巴比火车便宜。
- The train is more reliable than a taxi.火车比出租车更可靠。
- This is the fastest route.这是最快的路线。
小心中文直译不要同时说 more cheaper；cheap 的比较级是 cheaper。最高级前通常要有 the。
5发音实验：词尾辅音群
fastest、cheapest、next train 的词尾不要加额外元音；先慢读每个辅音，再连成一个词组。
fastest traincheapest ticketnext platformboards at two
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Choosing the Airport Route
There are three ways to reach North Airport. The metro is the cheapest at eight dollars, but passengers must change lines twice. A taxi is the most comfortable and goes directly to the terminal, although it can be slow in heavy traffic. The airport train costs fifteen dollars. It is not the cheapest, but it is the most reliable because it runs every twenty minutes and avoids road traffic.
中文意义支持
去北机场有三种方式。地铁最便宜，只要8美元，但乘客需要换乘两次。出租车最舒适并能直达航站楼，不过交通拥堵时可能很慢。机场快线15美元。它不是最便宜的，但最可靠，因为每20分钟一班并且不受道路交通影响。
读听任务
1. Why can a taxi be slow?
Because of heavy traffic.
2. Which option is the most reliable?
The airport train.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
比较地铁、出租车和机场快线，用至少三个比较表达说明你的选择。
- The ... is cheaper than...
- The most reliable option is...
- I would choose ... because...
参考示范，不要背稿
The metro is cheaper than the airport train, but it is less convenient. A taxi is the most comfortable option, but traffic can be unpredictable. I would choose the airport train because it is the most reliable.
写作迁移
写70—90词，为一位赶早班机的旅客推荐交通方式。
参考文本与自查
I recommend the airport train. It is more expensive than the metro, but it is faster and more reliable. The first train leaves at 5:30 and reaches the terminal in twenty-five minutes. A taxi may be more comfortable, but early roadwork can cause delays. Take the train and arrive two hours before your flight.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同机场对国内和国际航班的建议到达时间不同。不要只依靠一般经验，应查看航空公司和机场的具体说明。
本课毕业任务制作一张包含价格、时长、换乘和可靠性的交通比较表，并进行一分半钟推荐。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Hotel Help
在酒店求助
本课真实任务
清楚说明住宿问题，并礼貌地请求一个可接受的解决办法。
- I can report a problem with a hotel room.
- I can make and respond to polite requests.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 最快的选择
核对
the fastest option — Walking is the slowest option. - 要花多长时间？
核对
How long does it take? — How long does the bus take? - 如果交通顺畅
核对
if traffic is light — It takes an hour if traffic is light.
2进入情境
阿米娜入住后发现房间空调不工作，于是联系前台。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ReceptionistFront desk. How may I help you?前台。有什么可以帮您？
AminaHello, I'm in room 508. The air conditioner isn't working.您好，我住508房。空调坏了。
ReceptionistI'm sorry about that. Could you check whether the control is set to cool?很抱歉。您能看看控制器是否设为制冷吗？
AminaI already did, but the room is still very warm.我已经看过了，但房间还是很热。
ReceptionistWould you mind if we sent someone up in ten minutes?我们十分钟后派人上去，您介意吗？
AminaThat's fine. If it can't be fixed, could I change rooms?可以。如果修不好，我能换房吗？
ReceptionistOf course. We'll make sure the problem is solved tonight.当然。我们会确保今晚解决问题。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
isn't working坏了；不工作The shower isn't working.
I'm sorry about that对此我很抱歉I'm sorry about that. Let me check.
Could you check whether...?您能检查是否……吗？Could you check whether the door is locked?
Would you mind if...?如果……您介意吗？Would you mind if I opened the window?
change rooms换房间Could we change rooms?
make sure确保I'll make sure someone comes soon.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Polite requests with could and would
could 比 can 更委婉；Would you mind if...? 用来先征得对方同意。礼貌形式不代表过去时间。
Could + subject + base verb...?; Would you mind if + past-form clause...?
- Could you send someone up?您能派人上来吗？
- Could I change rooms?我能换房吗？
- Would you mind if we checked the room?我们检查一下房间，您介意吗？
小心中文直译回答 Would you mind...? 时，No, not at all 表示“不介意”，并不是拒绝。
5发音实验：礼貌请求的语调
请求常用轻柔的升调或升降调，重音落在需要对方处理的关键词上，避免逐词重读。
Could you CHECK?Could I CHANGE rooms?Would you MIND?send someone UP
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Helpful Response
Jon arrived at his hotel after midnight and found that his key card would not open the door. The night receptionist apologized and checked his booking. She made a new card, but it also failed. Instead of making Jon wait in the hallway, she offered him another room and brought his luggage upstairs. The next morning, the manager left a note and gave him free breakfast for the inconvenience.
中文意义支持
乔恩午夜后到达酒店，发现房卡打不开门。夜班前台道歉并核对了预订。她制作了一张新卡，但仍然无效。她没有让乔恩在走廊等待，而是给他安排了另一个房间，并把行李送上楼。第二天早上，经理留下一张便条，还因给他带来的不便赠送了早餐。
读听任务
1. Why did Jon receive another room?
Because both key cards failed.
2. What did the manager offer the next morning?
Free breakfast.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
从噪音、热水、房卡或错误房型中选一个问题，与前台完成投诉和解决对话。
- I'm in room..., and...
- Could you please...?
- If that isn't possible, could I...?
参考示范，不要背稿
I'm in room 214, and there's very loud music next door. Could you please ask them to turn it down? If the noise continues, could I change rooms?
写作迁移
写一条70—90词的酒店问题留言，包含事实、已尝试的方法和希望的解决方案。
参考文本与自查
Hello, I'm staying in room 306. The shower has had no hot water since this morning. I waited ten minutes and checked both taps, but the water remained cold. Could someone please inspect it this afternoon? If it cannot be fixed before six, I would like to use another room to shower. Thank you.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示有效投诉应先描述可核实的事实，再提出合理要求。礼貌不等于放弃权益；清楚说明时间和影响通常更容易获得帮助。
本课毕业任务设计四张酒店故障角色卡，与同伴轮换扮演住客和前台，每次必须提出两种解决办法。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Complete Travel Plan
完整旅行计划
本课真实任务
把交通、住宿和活动整合为一份有备选方案的两日行程。
- I can organize events in a clear time order.
- I can explain a travel plan and a backup plan.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 坏了；不工作
核对
isn't working — The shower isn't working. - 对此我很抱歉
核对
I'm sorry about that — I'm sorry about that. Let me check. - 您能检查是否……吗？
核对
Could you check whether...? — Could you check whether the door is locked?
2进入情境
项目组正在确认两日旅行的最后安排，并为下雨准备替代活动。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MayaFirst, we're taking the early train and leaving our bags at the hotel.首先，我们坐早班火车，把行李寄存在酒店。
LinAfter we check in, we're walking to the food market for lunch.入住后，我们步行去美食市场吃午饭。
MayaWhat are we doing if it rains in the afternoon?如果下午下雨，我们做什么？
LinInstead of the park, we can visit the science museum.我们可以参观科学博物馆，不去公园。
NoahGood. Before we leave on Sunday, let's confirm the train time again.好。周日出发前，我们再确认一次火车时间吧。
MayaPerfect. I'll share the final itinerary with everyone tonight.很好。我今晚把最终行程分享给大家。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
first / after that / finally首先／之后／最后First we check in; after that, we have lunch.
leave our bags寄放行李Can we leave our bags at reception?
check in办理入住We can check in after two.
instead of代替；而不是We'll visit a museum instead of the park.
before we leave在我们离开前Let's eat before we leave.
final itinerary最终行程I'll email the final itinerary.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Time clauses with before, after, and when
谈未来时，before/after/when 引导的时间从句通常用一般现在时，主句再用 will、can 或未来安排。
Before/After/When + present simple, subject + will/can/future form
- After we check in, we'll have lunch.入住后，我们去吃午饭。
- Before we leave, we'll check the tickets.离开前，我们会检查车票。
- When the museum opens, we'll go inside.博物馆开门时，我们就进去。
小心中文直译时间从句里通常不说 when we will arrive；应说 when we arrive。
5发音实验：用停顿组织行程
在 first、after that、if it rains 等路标语后短暂停顿，让听者更容易跟上步骤。
First, | we're taking the train.After we check in, | we'll eat.If it rains, | we'll visit the museum.Finally, | we'll return home.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Plan B for a Rainy Day
Our group is visiting Qingdao this weekend. On Saturday morning, we will walk along the coast after we leave our bags at the guesthouse. If the weather becomes stormy, we will take a bus to the city museum instead. We have booked a seafood restaurant for seven. Before we return on Sunday, we will check out, buy local snacks, and confirm that everyone has their train ticket.
中文意义支持
我们小组本周末去青岛。周六早上把行李放在民宿后，我们会沿海岸散步。如果天气变成暴风雨，我们会改坐公交去市博物馆。我们预订了晚上七点的海鲜餐厅。周日返程前，我们会退房、购买当地小吃，并确认每个人都带着火车票。
读听任务
1. What will the group do if the weather is stormy?
They will take a bus to the city museum.
2. What will they check before returning?
That everyone has their train ticket.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用时间路标向同伴介绍两日行程，并回答一个天气或延误问题。
- First, we're...
- After we..., we'll...
- If..., we can... instead.
参考示范，不要背稿
First, we're taking the 8:30 train. After we leave our bags, we'll visit the old town. If it rains, we can go to the art museum instead. Before we return on Sunday, we'll confirm our tickets.
写作迁移
写一份90—110词的两日行程，必须包含至少一个备选方案。
参考文本与自查
On Saturday, we are taking the early bus to the lake. After we arrive, we will check in and rent bicycles. If the cycling path is closed, we can visit the tea museum instead. In the evening, we are meeting a local guide for dinner. On Sunday morning, we will take a short boat trip. Before we leave, we will collect our bags and check the bus departure time.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示集体旅行中，清楚写出集合地点、最后确认时间和取消规则，比只分享一张漂亮行程图更重要。
本课毕业任务完成一张可打印的两日行程卡，并进行三分钟说明；同伴随机抽取“下雨、晚点、场馆关闭”之一要求你调整计划。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Describing Symptoms
描述身体症状
本课真实任务
在药房或诊所准确说明症状、持续时间和严重程度。
- I can name common symptoms and say how I feel.
- I can explain when a health problem started.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 首先／之后／最后
核对
first / after that / finally — First we check in; after that, we have lunch. - 寄放行李
核对
leave our bags — Can we leave our bags at reception? - 办理入住
核对
check in — We can check in after two.
2进入情境
大卫在药房向药剂师说明从昨晚开始的不适。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
PharmacistHello. What seems to be the problem?您好。您哪里不舒服？
DavidI have a sore throat and a bad headache.我喉咙痛，而且头很痛。
PharmacistWhen did the symptoms start?症状什么时候开始的？
DavidLate last night. I also feel a little dizzy today.昨晚很晚时。今天我还觉得有点头晕。
PharmacistDo you have a fever or any trouble breathing?您发烧或呼吸困难吗？
DavidI don't have a fever, and I can breathe normally.我不发烧，呼吸正常。
PharmacistAll right. I'll ask a few more questions before I recommend anything.好的。我推荐任何药物前还要再问几个问题。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What seems to be the problem?哪里不舒服？What seems to be the problem today?
have a sore throat喉咙痛I've had a sore throat since yesterday.
feel dizzy觉得头晕I feel dizzy when I stand up.
the symptoms started症状开始The symptoms started last night.
have a fever发烧Do you have a fever?
trouble breathing呼吸困难Call for help if you have trouble breathing.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Have + symptom and feel + adjective
具体症状常用 have/have got 加名词；整体感受常用 feel 加形容词。
subject + have + symptom; subject + feel + adjective
- I have a headache.我头痛。
- She has a cough.她咳嗽。
- He feels weak and dizzy.他感觉虚弱、头晕。
小心中文直译不要说 I am headache；应说 I have a headache。表达“我觉得恶心”可说 I feel sick。
5发音实验：/θ/ 与 /ð/
舌尖轻触上下齿之间送气；不要把 throat 读成 sroat，也不要把 breathing 中的 /ð/ 读成 /z/。
throatthree dayshealthytrouble breathing
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Useful Notes Before an Appointment
Before you speak to a health professional, write down your main symptoms. Note when they began, whether they are getting better or worse, and what makes them change. Bring a list of medicines you take and mention any allergies. Clear information helps the professional understand your situation. If you have severe chest pain, sudden weakness, or serious trouble breathing, seek urgent medical help instead of waiting for a routine appointment.
中文意义支持
与医护人员交谈前，写下主要症状。记录症状何时开始、是好转还是恶化，以及什么会使症状改变。带上正在服用的药物清单，并说明过敏情况。清楚的信息能帮助专业人员了解你的状况。如果出现严重胸痛、突然无力或严重呼吸困难，应立即寻求紧急医疗帮助，而不是等待普通预约。
读听任务
1. What information should you write down?
Your symptoms, when they began, and how they are changing.
2. When should someone seek urgent help?
For severe chest pain, sudden weakness, or serious trouble breathing.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
选择一种常见轻症，说明症状、开始时间、严重程度以及是否有发热或过敏。
- I have..., and I feel...
- It started...
- I do / don't have...
参考示范，不要背稿
I have a sore throat and a light cough. It started yesterday afternoon. I feel tired, but I don't have a fever or trouble breathing. I'm allergic to penicillin.
写作迁移
写一份60—80词的就诊准备说明。
参考文本与自查
Main problem: a painful right ankle. It started after I missed a step yesterday evening. The ankle is swollen, and walking makes the pain worse. I can move my toes normally. I have not taken any medicine, and I have no known allergies.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示本课只训练沟通，不提供诊断。药名、处方规则和紧急号码因国家地区而异；真实健康问题应咨询合格专业人员。
本课毕业任务制作一张英文症状记录卡，包含起始时间、变化、药物和过敏信息，再进行一分钟模拟问诊。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Advice and Recovery
建议与恢复
本课真实任务
根据生活情境提出安全、具体且不过度武断的健康建议。
- I can ask for and give simple advice.
- I can explain what someone should or should not do.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 哪里不舒服？
核对
What seems to be the problem? — What seems to be the problem today? - 喉咙痛
核对
have a sore throat — I've had a sore throat since yesterday. - 觉得头晕
核对
feel dizzy — I feel dizzy when I stand up.
2进入情境
同事感冒后仍想参加夜间聚会，朋友们讨论更合适的安排。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LeoI still feel exhausted, but I don't want to miss the dinner tonight.我还是很累，但不想错过今晚的聚餐。
SaraYou should probably rest instead of going out.你或许应该休息，而不是出门。
LeoDo you think I should see a doctor?你觉得我应该去看医生吗？
SaraIf you're worried, you should call the clinic and describe your symptoms.如果你担心，应该打电话给诊所说明症状。
MingAnd you shouldn't go to work with a fever.而且你发烧时不应该去上班。
LeoYou're right. I'll cancel dinner, drink some water, and get an early night.你们说得对。我会取消聚餐、多喝水并早点睡。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
You should probably...你或许应该……You should probably get some rest.
instead of going out而不是出门Stay home instead of going out.
Do you think I should...?你觉得我应该……吗？Do you think I should call the clinic?
If you're worried如果你担心If you're worried, ask a professional.
get an early night早点睡I need to get an early night.
feel exhausted感到精疲力尽She felt exhausted after the trip.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Should, shouldn't, and had better
should 用于一般建议；had better 语气更强，常暗示不这样做可能有问题。两者后面都接动词原形。
subject + should/shouldn't + base verb; subject + had better + base verb
- You should rest today.你今天应该休息。
- You shouldn't drive if you feel dizzy.如果头晕，你不应该开车。
- You'd better call before the clinic closes.你最好在诊所关门前打电话。
小心中文直译should 后不要加 to，也不要说 had better to go；正确形式是 should go / had better go。
5发音实验：should 的弱读与否定重音
肯定建议里的 should 常较轻；表达警告时 should NOT 或 BETter 可获得明显重音。
You should REST.You shouldn't DRIVE.You'd better CALL.Should I SEE a doctor?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Recovering after a Busy Week
Nora had slept badly for several nights and felt exhausted at work. She first planned to drink more coffee and continue, but a colleague suggested a quieter weekend. Nora turned off work messages, prepared simple meals, took a gentle walk, and went to bed early. By Monday she felt better. She also decided to speak to a health professional if the tiredness continued, because rest is useful but does not explain every health problem.
中文意义支持
诺拉连续几晚睡不好，在工作时精疲力尽。她最初打算多喝咖啡继续撑着，但同事建议她过一个安静的周末。诺拉关闭工作消息，准备简单的饭菜，轻松散步并早睡。到周一她感觉好多了。她还决定，如果疲劳持续，就咨询专业人员，因为休息虽有帮助，却不能解释所有健康问题。
读听任务
1. What did Nora do during the weekend?
She disconnected from work, ate simply, walked gently, and slept early.
2. What would Nora do if the tiredness continued?
Speak to a health professional.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
为“连续熬夜、头晕但明天要开车”的朋友提出三条建议，并说明最重要的一条。
- You should probably...
- You shouldn't...
- You'd better... because...
参考示范，不要背稿
You should stop working and sleep tonight. You shouldn't drive if you still feel dizzy. You'd better arrange another driver now because waiting until morning may leave you without a safe option.
写作迁移
写80—100词，回复一位因压力和睡眠不足求助的朋友。
参考文本与自查
I'm sorry you're having such a difficult week. You should choose one small task to finish and leave the rest until tomorrow. You shouldn't keep checking messages in bed. Try preparing for sleep at the same time each night. If the stress or poor sleep continues, you'd better talk to a qualified professional. You do not need to solve everything alone.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示给健康建议时可使用 probably、might 和 if you're worried 来避免装作医生。尊重对方选择，并把持续或严重问题交给专业人员。
本课毕业任务制作“建议强度阶梯”，把六条建议从轻到强排序，再用合适语气完成同伴咨询。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Rules and Responsibilities
规则与责任
本课真实任务
读懂公共场所规则，并向新成员解释必须、禁止和无需做的事情。
- I can understand signs about obligation and prohibition.
- I can explain rules using must, have to, and don't have to.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你或许应该……
核对
You should probably... — You should probably get some rest. - 而不是出门
核对
instead of going out — Stay home instead of going out. - 你觉得我应该……吗？
核对
Do you think I should...? — Do you think I should call the clinic?
2进入情境
健身房工作人员向新会员介绍安全和使用规则。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
StaffBefore you use the gym, you have to complete this safety form.使用健身房前，您必须填写这份安全表。
KaiDo I have to book the exercise bikes?我必须预订健身车吗？
StaffNo, you don't have to book them, but you must clean the equipment after use.不需要预订，但使用后必须清洁器材。
KaiCan I bring a glass bottle?我可以带玻璃瓶吗？
StaffNo. You mustn't bring glass into the training area.不可以。训练区禁止携带玻璃制品。
KaiAll right. Do I need to wear special shoes?好的。我需要穿专用鞋吗？
StaffYou need clean sports shoes, but they don't have to be expensive.您需要干净的运动鞋，但不必很贵。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
have to complete必须完成Visitors have to complete the form.
Do I have to...?我必须……吗？Do I have to book in advance?
don't have to不必You don't have to pay today.
must clean必须清洁Members must clean the equipment.
mustn't bring禁止携带You mustn't bring food inside.
after use使用后Return the key after use.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Must, have to, mustn't, and don't have to
must/have to 表示必须；mustn't 表示禁止；don't have to 表示没有必要，二者意思完全不同。
must + base verb; have/has to + base verb; mustn't + base verb; don't/doesn't have to + base verb
- You must wear a helmet.你必须戴头盔。
- Staff have to check the doors.员工必须检查门。
- You don't have to bring a towel.你不必带毛巾。
- You mustn't smoke here.这里禁止吸烟。
小心中文直译mustn't 不是“不必”，而是“绝对不可以”。想表达“不必”要用 don't have to。
5发音实验：mustn't 与 must 的清晰对比
规则中的否定信息很关键。读 mustn't 时突出否定并保留词尾 /nt/，不要让它听起来像 must。
You MUST wear shoes.You MUSTN'T smoke.You DON'T have to book.Do I HAVE to wait?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Community Kitchen Rules
Everyone may use the community kitchen from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. Users have to label food with their name and date. They must wash shared tools after cooking, and they mustn't leave the stove unattended. You do not have to bring cleaning products because the kitchen provides them. Children under twelve have to stay with an adult. Report broken equipment to reception; do not try to repair electrical items yourself.
中文意义支持
所有人可在早7点至晚10点使用社区厨房。使用者必须在食物上写姓名和日期。做饭后必须清洗公用工具，不得让炉灶无人看管。你不必携带清洁用品，因为厨房会提供。12岁以下儿童必须由成人陪同。损坏的设备应报告前台，不要自行维修电器。
读听任务
1. What do users have to put on their food?
Their name and the date.
2. Why don't users have to bring cleaning products?
Because the kitchen provides them.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
向一位新成员解释共享办公室、图书馆或健身房的六条规则。
- You have to...
- You mustn't...
- You don't have to...
参考示范，不要背稿
You have to show your card at the entrance. You must keep calls quiet, and you mustn't leave food on the desks. You don't have to reserve an ordinary seat, but meeting rooms must be booked.
写作迁移
写80—100词的共享空间欢迎说明，区分必须、禁止和可选事项。
参考文本与自查
Welcome to the study room. You have to scan your card when you enter. Please keep conversations quiet, and remember that you mustn't bring hot food inside. You don't have to reserve a desk, but you have to book the two group rooms online. Before leaving, you must take your belongings and put rubbish in the correct bin.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示图标看似相似，具体含义仍可能因场所而异。涉及安全或法律的规则应以现场正式说明为准，并主动确认不确定之处。
本课毕业任务观察一个熟悉公共空间的真实规则，改写成清楚的双语欢迎卡，再进行新成员入场说明。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Clinic Visit
一次看诊与健康计划
本课真实任务
在模拟就诊中说明问题、回答追问、确认下一步并复述计划。
- I can take part in a routine clinic conversation.
- I can check that I have understood instructions correctly.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 必须完成
核对
have to complete — Visitors have to complete the form. - 我必须……吗？
核对
Do I have to...? — Do I have to book in advance? - 不必
核对
don't have to — You don't have to pay today.
2进入情境
苏菲因手腕疼痛就诊，并在离开前确认护理说明。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
DoctorHow did you hurt your wrist?你的手腕是怎么受伤的？
SophieI fell while I was cycling two days ago. It hurts when I lift anything.两天前骑车时摔倒了。我一拿东西就疼。
DoctorCan you move it?你能活动它吗？
SophieA little, but it is too painful to turn fully.能动一点，但太疼，不能完全转动。
DoctorWe'll examine it. For now, avoid lifting anything heavy.我们会检查。现在先避免提重物。
SophieSo I should rest it and come back if it gets worse. Is that right?也就是说我应该让它休息，如果恶化就回来。对吗？
DoctorExactly. Here's a written summary of the plan.完全正确。这是一份书面计划摘要。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How did you hurt...?你怎么伤到……的？How did you hurt your knee?
It hurts when...当……时会疼It hurts when I walk.
too painful to...太疼而无法……It's too painful to bend.
for now目前；暂时For now, avoid running.
if it gets worse如果情况恶化Call us if it gets worse.
Is that right?我理解得对吗？I should take one daily. Is that right?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Too + adjective + to and adjective + enough + to
too...to 表示程度过高而无法做某事；adjective + enough + to 表示程度足以做某事。
too + adjective + to + verb; adjective + enough + to + verb
- It is too painful to lift.太疼了，无法提起。
- I am well enough to return to work.我身体好到可以复工了。
- The note is clear enough to follow.这份说明足够清楚，可以照着做。
小心中文直译enough 放在形容词后：strong enough，不说 enough strong。
5发音实验：核对理解时的焦点重音
复述说明时，把关键动作、数量或时间重读，再用 Is that right? 请求确认。
REST it for TWO days.COME back if it gets WORSE.ONE tablet after FOOD.Is that RIGHT?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Teach Back
Health instructions can contain unfamiliar words, especially when people feel worried or tired. One useful technique is called teach back. After receiving instructions, explain the plan in your own words: what you will do, how often, and when you should ask for more help. Then ask whether your understanding is correct. This is not a test of the patient. It is a practical way for both people to notice missing or unclear information.
中文意义支持
健康说明可能包含陌生词，尤其当人们感到担心或疲倦时。一种实用技巧叫“复述确认”。收到说明后，用自己的话解释计划：你要做什么、多久一次、何时应进一步求助。然后询问自己的理解是否正确。这不是对患者的测试，而是双方发现遗漏或不清楚信息的实用方法。
读听任务
1. What should you include in a teach-back explanation?
What to do, how often, and when to seek more help.
2. Is teach back a test of the patient?
No. It helps both people find unclear information.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成两分钟模拟看诊：说明受伤经过、影响，并用 teach back 复述护理计划。
- I hurt it when...
- It is too...to...
- So I should... Is that right?
参考示范，不要背稿
I hurt my ankle when I stepped off a curb yesterday. It is too painful to run, but I can walk slowly. So I should rest it today and seek more help if the swelling gets worse. Is that right?
写作迁移
写一份80—100词的就诊后计划，包含问题、行动、频率和何时求助。
参考文本与自查
I hurt my wrist in a fall. For the next two days, I will avoid lifting heavy objects and follow the written instructions from the clinic. I will check whether the pain and swelling improve. If either gets worse, or if I cannot move my fingers normally, I will contact the clinic again. I have added a reminder to review the plan tomorrow morning.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示在许多医疗场景中，主动复述并提问被视为安全沟通，而不是挑战专业人员。真实指令必须以合格医护人员的书面或口头说明为准。
本课毕业任务两人轮换医生与来访者，使用一张症状卡和一张护理卡完成问诊、追问、复述和确认。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
When It Happened
事情发生的时候
本课真实任务
描述一件突发小事件，交代当时背景、主要动作和结果。
- I can describe an action that was in progress in the past.
- I can connect a background action with a shorter event.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你怎么伤到……的？
核对
How did you hurt...? — How did you hurt your knee? - 当……时会疼
核对
It hurts when... — It hurts when I walk. - 太疼而无法……
核对
too painful to... — It's too painful to bend.
2进入情境
诺亚向失物招领处解释自己何时、何地丢了背包。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ClerkWhen did you last have your backpack?你最后一次见到背包是什么时候？
NoahI had it while I was waiting for the number 12 bus.我等12路公交时还带着。
ClerkWhat were you doing when the bus arrived?公交到站时你在做什么？
NoahI was answering a phone call, and I left the bag beside the bench.我当时在接电话，把包放在长椅旁了。
ClerkDid you notice it before the bus left?公交开走前你注意到了吗？
NoahNo. When I reached my stop, I looked down and realized it was gone.没有。我到站时低头一看，才发现包不见了。
ClerkLet's contact the station and check the camera near that bench.我们联系车站并查看长椅附近的摄像头吧。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
while I was waiting当我正在等的时候I read while I was waiting.
when the bus arrived公交到达时I was calling you when the bus arrived.
answer a phone call接电话She answered a phone call outside.
beside the bench在长椅旁The bag was beside the bench.
realized it was gone意识到它不见了I realized my key was gone.
contact the station联系车站We should contact the station now.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Past continuous and past simple
过去进行时描述当时正在持续的背景动作；一般过去时描述发生并推进故事的较短事件。
was/were + verb-ing when + past simple; while + was/were + verb-ing
- I was waiting when the bus arrived.公交到达时我正在等车。
- While she was walking, she found a wallet.她走路时发现了一个钱包。
- They were talking when the lights went out.灯熄灭时他们正在说话。
小心中文直译不要把两个动作都机械地用过去进行时；突然发生并改变情节的动作通常用一般过去时。
5发音实验：过去式词尾与叙事重音
arrived 的 -ed 为 /d/，looked 为 /t/，wanted 为 /ɪd/；故事里重读人物、地点和关键动作。
the bus arrivedI looked downI wanted to callthe lights went out
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Umbrella Mix-up
It was raining heavily when Jia left the library. She picked up a black umbrella near the door and hurried to the bus stop. While she was opening it, she noticed a bright yellow label with someone else's name. At the same moment, her phone rang. A library worker had found Jia's umbrella and was calling the number on its label. Jia returned, exchanged the umbrellas, and thanked the worker for acting quickly.
中文意义支持
佳离开图书馆时雨下得很大。她拿起门边一把黑伞，匆忙赶去公交站。撑伞时，她注意到上面有一个写着别人姓名的亮黄色标签。就在这时，她的手机响了。图书馆工作人员发现了佳的伞，正拨打标签上的号码。佳返回图书馆，换回雨伞，并感谢工作人员迅速处理。
读听任务
1. How did Jia know the umbrella was not hers?
It had someone else's name on a yellow label.
2. Why did the library worker call Jia?
The worker had found Jia's umbrella.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
讲述一次丢东西、拿错东西或错过交通工具的经历，清楚区分背景和突发事件。
- I was... when...
- While I was..., I noticed...
- In the end,...
参考示范，不要背稿
I was getting off the metro when my earphones fell from my pocket. While I was looking under the seat, the doors started to close. A passenger picked them up and passed them to me. In the end, I got off safely with my earphones.
写作迁移
写90—110词的突发小故事，至少使用两次过去进行时。
参考文本与自查
I was walking home when the rain suddenly became very heavy. While I was looking for a place to wait, a shop owner waved to me from the doorway. I stepped inside, but then I realized my phone was missing. I was checking my bag when the owner pointed outside. My phone was lying on the dry step where I had stopped. I thanked her and waited until the rain became lighter.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示报告失物时，描述最后看见物品的时间、地点、外观和可识别细节，比只说 very important 更有效。
本课毕业任务绘制一条四格事件时间线，在不看全文的情况下讲完故事，再让同伴追问两个细节。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Have You Ever?
你曾经……吗？
本课真实任务
询问人生经历，并用追问把简短回答发展成自然对话。
- I can ask whether someone has had an experience.
- I can follow up with questions about a finished event.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 当我正在等的时候
核对
while I was waiting — I read while I was waiting. - 公交到达时
核对
when the bus arrived — I was calling you when the bus arrived. - 接电话
核对
answer a phone call — She answered a phone call outside.
2进入情境
国际交流活动上，两位参与者通过经历卡认识彼此。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EvaHave you ever traveled alone?你曾经独自旅行过吗？
HaoYes, I have. I went to Seoul by myself last year.有。去年我一个人去了首尔。
EvaWhat was the best part of the trip?旅行中最棒的部分是什么？
HaoI joined a food tour and met people from four countries. How about you?我参加了美食游，还认识了来自四个国家的人。你呢？
EvaI've never traveled alone, but I've planned a short solo trip for May.我从没独自旅行过，但已经计划五月进行一次短途独行。
HaoThat's exciting. Where are you going?真令人兴奋。你要去哪里？
EvaI'm going to Kyoto, and your story makes me feel more confident.我要去京都，你的故事让我更有信心了。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Have you ever...?你曾经……吗？Have you ever tried surfing?
Yes, I have / No, I haven't是的／没有No, I haven't, but I'd like to.
by myself独自I visited the museum by myself.
the best part最棒的部分The best part was meeting local people.
I've never...我从未……I've never missed a flight.
How about you?你呢？I love hiking. How about you?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Present perfect for life experience
用 have/has + 过去分词询问或描述截至现在的人生经历；若说明具体过去时间，改用一般过去时。
Have/Has + subject + past participle...?; subject + have/has (never) + past participle
- Have you ever ridden a horse?你曾经骑过马吗？
- I've never stayed in a tent.我从未住过帐篷。
- She has visited three countries.她去过三个国家。
小心中文直译ever 不等于“曾经在某个具体日期”。说 last year、in 2024 等具体过去时间时用一般过去时。
5发音实验：have/has 的缩略与弱读
I've、you've、she's 中助动词很短，主要重音落在经历动词和关键信息上。
I've NEVER tried it.Have you EVER been there?She's VISited twice.We've just ARrived.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A New Experience Every Month
For the past six months, Omar has tried one unfamiliar activity each month. He has learned to cook Thai curry, attended a public speaking club, and taken a beginner dance class. He has not loved every activity, but each one has taught him something. Last month he went climbing for the first time. He felt nervous at the start, yet a patient instructor helped him reach the top of an easy wall.
中文意义支持
过去六个月中，奥马尔每月尝试一项陌生活动。他学过做泰式咖喱，参加过公开演讲俱乐部，还上过初级舞蹈课。他并非喜欢每项活动，但每项都让他有所收获。上个月他第一次去攀岩。开始时他很紧张，不过一位耐心的教练帮助他登上了一面简单的墙。
读听任务
1. What activities has Omar tried?
Cooking, public speaking, dancing, and climbing.
2. What happened last month?
He went climbing for the first time.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
抽取三张经历卡，先问 Have you ever...，再针对一个肯定回答追问时间、地点和感受。
- Have you ever...?
- When did you...?
- What was the best / hardest part?
参考示范，不要背稿
Have you ever performed on stage? Yes, I have. I sang with a school group two years ago. The hardest part was waiting backstage, but I enjoyed the performance.
写作迁移
写90—110词介绍三项经历，其中一项补充具体过去事件。
参考文本与自查
I have tried several activities outside my usual routine. I have taken a pottery class, learned a few songs on the guitar, and volunteered at a book fair. The book fair was my favorite experience. I helped visitors find authors and spoke to many strangers. At first I was shy, but by the final afternoon I felt comfortable starting conversations.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示初次见面时，旅行、美食和兴趣经历通常较安全；收入、婚姻、疾病等问题在许多场景中较私人，应观察关系与语境。
本课毕业任务设计一张六格经历访谈卡，采访两个人并用英文口头报告最有趣的一项经历。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Past or Present Perfect?
一般过去时还是现在完成时
本课真实任务
在谈经历和最新进展时，准确区分具体过去事件与当前相关结果。
- I can distinguish a finished past time from an unfinished time period.
- I can give a general update and then add past details.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你曾经……吗？
核对
Have you ever...? — Have you ever tried surfing? - 是的／没有
核对
Yes, I have / No, I haven't — No, I haven't, but I'd like to. - 独自
核对
by myself — I visited the museum by myself.
2进入情境
项目负责人询问新成员是否完成培训以及何时完成。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ManagerHave you completed the safety training yet?你已经完成安全培训了吗？
RaviYes, I've just finished it.是的，我刚完成。
ManagerGreat. When did you take the final quiz?很好。你什么时候参加最终测验的？
RaviI took it yesterday afternoon and scored eighty-eight percent.我昨天下午参加的，得了88分。
ManagerHave you received your access card?你收到门禁卡了吗？
RaviNot yet. I sent the form on Monday, but nobody has replied.还没有。我周一发了表格，但还没人回复。
ManagerI'll contact the office so you can start tomorrow.我会联系办公室，这样你明天就能开始。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Have you ... yet?你已经……了吗？Have you booked the room yet?
I've just finished我刚完成I've just finished the report.
When did you...?你什么时候……的？When did you send it?
not yet还没有I haven't called them yet.
on Monday在周一I sent the form on Monday.
nobody has replied还没有人回复Nobody has replied to my email.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Present perfect versus past simple
现在完成时连接过去和现在，常与 just/already/yet 或未结束时间搭配；一般过去时说明已结束时间内的事件。
have/has + past participle; past form + finished-time expression
- I've already sent the form.我已经发了表格。
- I sent it on Monday.我是周一发的。
- She hasn't replied yet.她还没有回复。
- She called yesterday.她昨天打了电话。
小心中文直译不要说 I've sent it yesterday；yesterday 是结束的过去时间，应说 I sent it yesterday。
5发音实验：just、yet、already 的句子焦点
用重音突出进度变化：JUST 表示刚刚，alREADY 表示比预期早，YET 常出现在疑问和否定句尾。
I've JUST finished.I've alREADY sent it.Have you called YET?Not YET.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Preparing for the Community Fair
The team has made good progress on the community fair this week. Mei has already designed the poster, and Luis has just confirmed the music group. They booked the main hall last month. However, they have not found enough volunteers yet. Yesterday, Luis posted a new request online, and six people answered before dinner. The team has now filled most roles, but it still needs two people for the welcome desk.
中文意义支持
团队本周在社区集市上取得了良好进展。梅已经设计好海报，路易斯刚确认了乐队。他们上个月预订了主厅。不过，他们还没有找到足够的志愿者。昨天路易斯在网上发布了新的招募信息，晚饭前有六个人回应。团队现在已填补大多数岗位，但欢迎台仍需两人。
读听任务
1. What did the team book last month?
The main hall.
2. What does the team still need?
Two people for the welcome desk.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
先汇报一项任务的当前进度，再回答何时完成具体步骤。
- I've already...
- I haven't... yet.
- I ... yesterday / on...
参考示范，不要背稿
I've already chosen the topic and written the introduction. I haven't added the images yet. I interviewed two people on Tuesday, and I finished the first draft last night.
写作迁移
写90—110词的项目进度更新，至少使用两次现在完成时和两次一般过去时。
参考文本与自查
We have made steady progress on the neighborhood guide. I have already written the transport section, and Chen has just checked the map. We visited the area last Saturday and photographed the main entrances. We have not translated the restaurant section yet because two menus changed this week. I called both restaurants yesterday, and they sent the new information this morning.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示在工作更新中，先说当前状态，再给具体时间细节，通常比按日记顺序讲完整过程更高效。
本课毕业任务选择一个正在进行的真实小任务，制作“已完成／尚未完成／具体时间证据”三栏进度板并汇报。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Three-Minute Story
三分钟故事播客
本课真实任务
把一段真实或虚构经历组织成有开头、转折和结尾的三分钟故事。
- I can sequence a past story clearly.
- I can use detail and a turning point to keep a listener interested.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你已经……了吗？
核对
Have you ... yet? — Have you booked the room yet? - 我刚完成
核对
I've just finished — I've just finished the report. - 你什么时候……的？
核对
When did you...? — When did you send it?
2进入情境
学习小组正在录制“意外的善意”主题短播客。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HostToday we're sharing moments when a stranger helped us. Mina, what happened to you?今天我们分享陌生人帮助我们的时刻。米娜，你发生了什么？
MinaLast winter, I was carrying two heavy bags when one of them broke.去年冬天，我提着两个重袋子，其中一个突然破了。
HostOh no. What happened next?天啊。然后呢？
MinaAt first, I tried to collect everything alone. Then a cyclist stopped and offered me a spare bag.一开始我想独自捡起所有东西。后来一位骑车人停下，给了我一个备用袋。
HostDid you get their name?你问到对方名字了吗？
MinaNo. Before I could ask, the light changed and they rode away.没有。我还没来得及问，信号灯就变了，对方骑走了。
HostThat's a small action, but a memorable ending.这是一个小行动，却有个难忘的结尾。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
what happened next?接下来发生了什么？What happened next in the story?
at first一开始At first, I felt calm.
all of a sudden突然All of a sudden, the lights went out.
before I could...我还没来得及……Before I could reply, she left.
in the end最终In the end, we found the address.
I'll never forget我永远不会忘记I'll never forget their kindness.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Narrative linkers
用 at first、then、all of a sudden、after that、in the end 等连接故事阶段；连接词服务于逻辑，不应每句都机械添加。
setting + sequence linker + event + result/reflection
- At first, nobody noticed the smoke.一开始，没人注意到烟。
- All of a sudden, the alarm rang.突然，警报响了。
- In the end, everyone left safely.最终，所有人安全离开。
小心中文直译finally 既可表示最后一步，也常带“等了很久终于”的感觉；普通结局用 in the end 更自然。
5发音实验：故事节奏与悬念停顿
背景稍慢，转折前短暂停顿，关键事件重读；不要为了流利而用同一速度冲完整段。
At FIRST, | everything was normal.Then, | all of a SUDden...Before I could ANswer, | she LEFT.In the END, | we were SAFE.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Last Seat
I was traveling home on a crowded evening bus when an older man got on. At first, nobody moved because most passengers were looking at their phones. Then a young girl stood up and offered him her seat. The man thanked her, but instead of sitting down, he pointed to a tired parent holding a sleeping child. In the end, the parent took the seat, and the girl and the man stood together, smiling at the small solution they had created.
中文意义支持
一个拥挤的傍晚，我乘公交回家，这时一位年长男士上了车。一开始没人动，因为大多数乘客都在看手机。随后，一个小女孩起身给他让座。男士向她道谢，却没有坐下，而是指向一位抱着熟睡孩子、显得疲惫的家长。最终，那位家长坐下了，女孩和男士一起站着，为他们创造的小小解决办法相视而笑。
读听任务
1. Why did the man not take the seat?
He offered it to a tired parent with a sleeping child.
2. What made the ending memorable?
The girl and man solved the situation kindly together.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
录制2—3分钟故事：20秒背景、约一分钟事件、20秒结局与反思。
- I was... when...
- At first..., but then...
- In the end... and I realized...
参考示范，不要背稿
I was walking to an interview when I noticed that I had the wrong address. At first, I panicked and ran toward another street. Then a delivery driver stopped and checked the map with me. In the end, I arrived two minutes early. I realized that asking clearly was faster than pretending I knew the way.
写作迁移
把口述故事改写为100—120词播客简介，保留一个关键细节和一句反思。
参考文本与自查
On my first day in a new city, I got on the wrong bus while I was trying to read a map. At first, I felt embarrassed and stayed silent. Then the driver noticed my confusion and asked where I was going. She explained where to change buses and even wrote the stop name on my ticket. In the end, I arrived late but calm. I learned that a simple question can turn a stressful mistake into a useful memory.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示好故事不需要夸张事故；具体感官细节、人物选择和真实反思往往比堆叠 dramatic 形容词更吸引人。
本课毕业任务完成故事提纲、初录、同伴提问和二次录音；比较两版，标出因追问而补充的具体信息。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Skills and Goals
技能与目标
本课真实任务
介绍自己已经具备的技能，并制定一个具体、可检查的学习目标。
- I can describe what I enjoy and what I am learning to do.
- I can explain a practical learning goal.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 接下来发生了什么？
核对
what happened next? — What happened next in the story? - 一开始
核对
at first — At first, I felt calm. - 突然
核对
all of a sudden — All of a sudden, the lights went out.
2进入情境
职业工作坊上，辅导员帮助艾拉把模糊愿望变成具体计划。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
CoachWhat kind of work do you enjoy doing?你喜欢做哪类工作？
EllaI enjoy organizing information and helping customers solve problems.我喜欢整理信息并帮助客户解决问题。
CoachWhat would you like to improve?你想提升什么？
EllaI want to learn to present data more clearly.我想学会更清楚地呈现数据。
CoachGood. How are you planning to practise?很好。你打算怎么练习？
EllaI'm going to take a short course and practise giving one presentation each week.我准备参加短期课程，并且每周练习做一次演示。
CoachThat is specific enough to measure. Let's review it in a month.这个目标足够具体，可以衡量。我们一个月后复盘。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
enjoy doing喜欢做I enjoy working with people.
would like to improve想提升I'd like to improve my writing.
learn to do学习做She's learning to edit videos.
plan to practise计划练习I plan to practise every Tuesday.
one ... each week每周一个……I'll write one report each week.
specific enough to measure具体到可衡量The goal is specific enough to measure.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Gerunds and infinitives after common verbs
enjoy、finish、avoid 后常接 verb-ing；want、plan、hope、learn 后常接 to + 动词。搭配应作为词块记忆。
enjoy/finish/avoid + verb-ing; want/plan/hope/learn + to + base verb
- I enjoy solving problems.我喜欢解决问题。
- She plans to take a course.她计划参加课程。
- We finished preparing the slides.我们完成了幻灯片准备。
小心中文直译不要说 enjoy to work；enjoy 后接 working。也不要说 plan doing；本级目标形式是 plan to do。
5发音实验：多音节技能词的重音
重音不一定在第一音节；先标出重读音节，再把非重读音节缩短。
or-GAN-izepre-SENT-a-tioncom-MU-ni-catein-for-MA-tion
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：One Goal, Three Small Habits
Tariq wanted to improve his public speaking, but his first goal was simply “be more confident.” He changed it into three small habits. Every Monday, he recorded a one-minute explanation. On Wednesday, he watched the recording and noted one strength and one problem. On Friday, he gave the explanation again without reading. After six weeks, he still felt nervous, but his ideas were clearer and he paused less often.
中文意义支持
塔里克想提高公开演讲能力，但最初的目标只是“更自信”。他把它改成三个小习惯。每周一，他录制一分钟说明；周三观看录像并记录一个优点和一个问题；周五不看稿再讲一次。六周后，他仍然会紧张，但思路更清楚，停顿也更少。
读听任务
1. Why was Tariq's first goal difficult to measure?
Because “be more confident” was not specific.
2. What changed after six weeks?
His ideas were clearer and he paused less often.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
说明一项现有技能、一项想提升的技能以及未来四周的练习方式。
- I enjoy...
- I want to learn to...
- For the next four weeks, I plan to...
参考示范，不要背稿
I enjoy explaining ideas with simple examples. I want to learn to speak more smoothly without reading. For the next four weeks, I plan to record two short talks each week and review one problem in each recording.
写作迁移
写90—110词的四周技能计划，必须包含行为、频率和检查方式。
参考文本与自查
My goal is to write clearer work emails. I enjoy communicating with customers, but I sometimes include too much detail. For four weeks, I plan to rewrite two old emails every Tuesday. On Thursday, I will compare them with a short checklist for purpose, structure, and tone. At the end of each week, I will ask a colleague to review one message. I will measure progress by counting how many changes are needed.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示谈能力时，许多英语场景偏好“技能＋证据”，如 I can organize events; I coordinated...，而不是只用形容词评价自己。
本课毕业任务制作一张四周技能实验卡，完成首次样本并约定复盘日期；课程后续必须带回结果。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
People and Jobs
人物与工作
本课真实任务
向别人解释一个职业做什么、适合什么样的人以及在哪里工作。
- I can define a person, thing, or place with a relative clause.
- I can describe a job without translating its title.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 喜欢做
核对
enjoy doing — I enjoy working with people. - 想提升
核对
would like to improve — I'd like to improve my writing. - 学习做
核对
learn to do — She's learning to edit videos.
2进入情境
学生在职业开放日询问两个不熟悉的岗位。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
StudentWhat exactly does a user researcher do?用户研究员具体做什么？
GuideIt's someone who studies how people use a product.这是研究人们如何使用产品的人。
StudentIs it a job that requires technical skills?这是需要技术技能的工作吗？
GuideSome technical knowledge helps, but listening is the skill that matters most.一些技术知识有帮助，但倾听是最重要的技能。
StudentWhere do researchers usually work?研究员通常在哪里工作？
GuideThey may work in a company where designers and engineers develop products together.他们可能在设计师和工程师共同开发产品的公司工作。
StudentThat sounds closer to my interests than I expected.听起来比我预想的更符合我的兴趣。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
someone who...一个……的人A mentor is someone who gives guidance.
a job that requires...一份需要……的工作It's a job that requires patience.
the skill that matters most最重要的技能Clear writing is the skill that matters most.
a place where...一个……的地方A studio is a place where artists work.
work together一起工作Designers and engineers work together.
closer to my interests更符合我的兴趣This role is closer to my interests.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Defining relative clauses
用 who 定义人、that/which 定义事物、where 定义地点；从句提供识别对象所必需的信息。
person + who...; thing/job + that...; place + where...
- A nurse is someone who cares for patients.护士是照护患者的人。
- This is a role that requires accuracy.这是需要准确性的岗位。
- A laboratory is a place where scientists test ideas.实验室是科学家检验想法的地方。
小心中文直译不要重复主语：a person who she helps people 错；应说 a person who helps people。
5发音实验：关系从句中的意群
限定性从句与前面的名词联系紧密，通常不作长停顿；重读真正区分对象的词。
someone who HELPS customersa job that requires PA-tiencea place where teams MEETthe skill that matters MOST
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Job behind the Exhibition
A museum registrar is a person who manages information about objects in a collection. Registrars record where each object came from, where it is stored, and when it is moved. They also prepare documents that museums need when they lend objects to one another. It is a role that requires careful organization and clear communication. Many registrars work in offices inside museums, but they regularly visit storage rooms and exhibition spaces.
中文意义支持
博物馆藏品登记员是管理馆藏物品信息的人。他们记录每件物品的来源、存放地点和移动时间。他们还准备博物馆相互借展时所需的文件。这是一项需要细致组织和清楚沟通的工作。许多登记员在博物馆办公室工作，但也经常前往储藏室和展览空间。
读听任务
1. What information does a registrar record?
An object's origin, storage location, and movements.
2. What skills does the role require?
Careful organization and clear communication.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
选择一个常被误解的职业，不直接翻译职位名，用 who/that/where 让同伴猜。
- It's someone who...
- It's a job that...
- They often work in a place where...
参考示范，不要背稿
It's someone who makes written information easier to understand. It's a job that requires language skills and careful checking. They often work in a place where teams create websites, apps, or public instructions.
写作迁移
写90—110词的职业介绍，包含职责、技能、场所和一个具体工作例子。
参考文本与自查
A community interpreter is someone who helps people communicate when they do not share a language. It is a role that requires excellent listening, accuracy, and calm behavior. Interpreters may work in clinics, schools, or public offices where important conversations happen. For example, they can help a parent understand a school meeting. Their job is to communicate the speakers' meaning, not to make decisions for them.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示职位名称跨地区差异很大。无法直接对应时，先解释职责、对象和工作成果，通常比生硬翻译更可靠。
本课毕业任务采访或研究一个职业，制作“人物—职责—技能—场所—证据”五格职业卡并完成两分钟介绍。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Plans and Predictions
计划与预测
本课真实任务
在团队计划中区分已安排事项、个人意图和现场决定。
- I can choose an appropriate future form for an arrangement, intention, or decision.
- I can make a simple prediction and give a reason.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 一个……的人
核对
someone who... — A mentor is someone who gives guidance. - 一份需要……的工作
核对
a job that requires... — It's a job that requires patience. - 最重要的技能
核对
the skill that matters most — Clear writing is the skill that matters most.
2进入情境
志愿团队正在安排下周的职业分享会。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NiaWe're meeting the guest speaker on Tuesday at four.我们周二四点与嘉宾见面。
KenGreat. I'm going to prepare five interview questions tonight.很好。我今晚打算准备五个采访问题。
NiaThe room only has twenty chairs. I think more people will come.房间只有二十把椅子。我觉得会来更多人。
KenYou're right. I'll ask reception for another room now.你说得对。我现在就向前台申请另一个房间。
NiaThanks. Are you going to send the reminder too?谢谢。你也打算发提醒吗？
KenYes, and we're testing the microphones on Monday morning.是的，而且我们周一早上会测试麦克风。
NiaThen we'll probably be ready before the speaker arrives.那嘉宾到达前我们可能就准备好了。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
We're meeting... on...我们将在……见面We're meeting the supplier on Friday.
I'm going to prepare...我打算准备……I'm going to prepare the slides.
I think ... will...我认为……会……I think the event will be busy.
I'll ... now我现在就……I'll call them now.
Are you going to...?你打算……吗？Are you going to invite Maya?
will probably be ready可能会准备好The room will probably be ready by six.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Future forms for different meanings
现在进行时表示已安排；be going to 表示已有意图或证据；will 常用于现场决定、承诺或一般预测。
am/is/are + verb-ing; am/is/are going to + verb; will + verb
- We're meeting at four.我们已安排四点见面。
- I'm going to prepare questions.我打算准备问题。
- I'll call reception now.我现在就打给前台。
- I think more people will come.我认为会来更多人。
小心中文直译三种形式都谈未来，但意义不同；不要只根据 tomorrow 就机械选择 will。
5发音实验：缩略形式与预测语气
I'll、we're、going to 在自然语流中会缩短；probably 常弱读中间音节，预测重音落在结果。
I'll CALL now.We're MEETing at four.I'm going to PREpare.It'll PROBably rain.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Outdoor Film Night
The neighborhood group is holding an outdoor film night next Friday. Volunteers are meeting at six to set up chairs and lights. They are going to sell simple snacks to support the community garden. The forecast shows dark clouds, so the organizers think it may rain. They have booked the school hall as a backup. If the weather becomes worse, they will move the event indoors and post an update at four o'clock.
中文意义支持
社区小组下周五将举办露天电影夜。志愿者安排六点集合，布置座椅和灯光。他们打算售卖简单零食，为社区花园筹款。天气预报显示有乌云，因此组织者认为可能下雨。他们已经预订学校礼堂作为备选。如果天气恶化，他们会把活动移到室内，并在四点发布更新。
读听任务
1. What are volunteers doing at six?
Meeting to set up chairs and lights.
2. What will happen if the weather gets worse?
The event will move indoors.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
主持两分钟计划检查：说明两项安排、一项意图、一个预测，并对突发问题作现场决定。
- We're ...ing on...
- I'm going to...
- I think ... will..., so I'll...
参考示范，不要背稿
We're meeting the volunteers at nine on Saturday. I'm going to print the signs on Friday. I think the entrance will be crowded, so I'll ask one more person to welcome visitors.
写作迁移
写90—110词的活动前一周更新，清楚区分安排、意图、预测和临时决定。
参考文本与自查
We're meeting at the library on Wednesday to test the equipment. I'm going to finish the guest list before then. The weather forecast is warm, so I think many people will walk to the event. We only have one bicycle area at the moment. I'll contact the building manager today and ask whether we can use the side entrance for extra parking.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示承诺 I'll do it 在团队沟通中通常意味着承担责任；最好同时说明完成时间，避免礼貌答应后无人知道进度。
本课毕业任务设计一场20人活动，用四种颜色标出已安排、打算、预测和现场决定，并进行计划审查。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
An Application and Interview
申请邮件与模拟面试
本课真实任务
用具体证据申请一项学习、志愿或初级工作机会，并回答基础面试追问。
- I can write a short, polite application message.
- I can support a claim about my experience with an example.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我们将在……见面
核对
We're meeting... on... — We're meeting the supplier on Friday. - 我打算准备……
核对
I'm going to prepare... — I'm going to prepare the slides. - 我认为……会……
核对
I think ... will... — I think the event will be busy.
2进入情境
林悦申请社区艺术节的访客服务志愿岗位。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
InterviewerWhy are you interested in the visitor support role?你为什么对访客服务岗位感兴趣？
LinI've enjoyed helping at public events since secondary school.从中学起，我就喜欢在公共活动中提供帮助。
InterviewerWhat relevant experience do you have?你有什么相关经验？
LinI've worked with our neighborhood reading club for two years. Last autumn, I welcomed guests at its book fair.我在社区读书会工作两年了。去年秋天，我在书展上接待来宾。
InterviewerCan you give an example of solving a problem?你能举一个解决问题的例子吗？
LinA speaker was late, so I updated visitors and helped the team change the schedule.一位演讲者迟到了，所以我向访客更新情况，并帮助团队调整日程。
InterviewerThank you. That example is clear and relevant.谢谢。这个例子清楚而且切题。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
be interested in对……感兴趣I'm interested in the support role.
relevant experience相关经验I have relevant customer-service experience.
for two years持续两年I've volunteered there for two years.
since secondary school自中学以来I've enjoyed drawing since secondary school.
give an example of举一个……的例子Can you give an example of teamwork?
clear and relevant清楚且切题Keep your answer clear and relevant.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Present perfect with for and since
for 加一段时间，since 加起点，描述从过去持续到现在的状态或活动；具体已结束事件用一般过去时。
have/has + past participle + for + period / since + starting point
- I've volunteered for two years.我做志愿者已有两年。
- She has lived here since May.她从五月起住在这里。
- I helped at the fair last autumn.去年秋天我在集市帮忙。
小心中文直译不要混用 for 2024 或 since two years；应说 since 2024 / for two years。
5发音实验：面试回答的关键词重音
重读技能、行动和结果；句首的 I、have 等功能词通常较轻，避免每句话都以重读 I 开始。
I've WORKED there for TWO years.I WELcomed GUESTS.I CHANGED the SCHEdule.The result was CLEAR.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Short Application That Works
Dear Ms. Patel, I am applying for the Saturday reading-program volunteer role. I have worked with children at a sports club for eighteen months, and I have enjoyed reading aloud since I was at school. Last summer, I helped a group of eight children prepare a short performance. I am available every Saturday morning from April to June. I would be happy to discuss my experience in an interview. Kind regards, Daniel Cho
中文意义支持
帕特尔女士：我申请周六阅读项目志愿岗位。我在体育俱乐部与儿童一起工作已有18个月，并且从上学时就喜欢朗读。去年夏天，我帮助八名儿童准备了一场短演出。我从四月到六月每周六上午都有时间。很乐意在面试中进一步介绍经历。此致，丹尼尔·赵。
读听任务
1. What role is Daniel applying for?
A Saturday reading-program volunteer role.
2. What specific evidence does he give?
He worked with children and helped eight children prepare a performance.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
回答“为什么申请、有什么经验、举一个例子、何时有空”四个问题。
- I'm interested in... because...
- I've ... for/since...
- For example, last..., I...
参考示范，不要背稿
I'm interested in the event role because I enjoy helping visitors. I've volunteered at our library for a year. For example, last month I showed thirty guests where to register and helped update a delayed schedule.
写作迁移
写100—120词的真实或模拟申请邮件，包含岗位、相关经验、具体证据和时间。
参考文本与自查
Dear Mr. Gomez, I am applying for the weekend museum-guide program. I have studied local history for two years and have volunteered at my college welcome desk since September. Last term, I created a short campus tour for new students and led it four times. I am available on Saturday afternoons and all day Sunday. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss how I could support visitors. Kind regards, Mei Lin
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示英语申请中，简洁的行动证据通常比“本人性格开朗、责任心强”等无例证自评更有说服力；称呼和结尾应与招聘信息保持一致。
本课毕业任务选择一个真实可申请的机会，提交一封定制邮件并录制90秒面试回答；同伴用岗位要求检查是否切题。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Giving Reasons
表达观点与理由
本课真实任务
就一个生活选择清楚表达立场，用理由和让步避免只说“我喜欢”。
- I can state an opinion and support it with reasons.
- I can acknowledge a different point before giving my view.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 对……感兴趣
核对
be interested in — I'm interested in the support role. - 相关经验
核对
relevant experience — I have relevant customer-service experience. - 持续两年
核对
for two years — I've volunteered there for two years.
2进入情境
社区正在讨论是否把一条街改为周末步行街。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairShould River Street close to cars at weekends?河滨街周末是否应该禁止汽车通行？
AnaI support the idea because the street would be safer for families.我支持，因为这条街对家庭会更安全。
PaulAlthough I like quieter streets, some shop owners need deliveries.虽然我喜欢更安静的街道，但一些店主需要送货。
AnaThat's true. However, deliveries could happen before ten in the morning.确实如此。不过送货可以安排在早上十点前。
PaulThat might work. The plan is useful because of the extra outdoor space.这可能可行。额外的户外空间让这个计划很有用。
ChairSo we agree with the goal, but we need a delivery solution.那么我们同意目标，但需要一个送货解决方案。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I support the idea because...我支持这个想法，因为……I support the idea because it is safer.
Although I..., ...虽然我……，但……Although I agree, the cost worries me.
That's true. However,...确实如此，不过……That's true. However, we need more data.
because of因为（名词）The event moved because of the rain.
That might work那可能可行That might work if we start early.
agree with the goal认同目标I agree with the goal, not the method.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Because, because of, although, and however
because 后接完整从句，because of 后接名词；although 在一句内连接让步，however 常另起一句并带逗号。
because + clause; because of + noun; although + clause, clause; sentence. However, sentence.
- I agree because the plan is safer.我同意，因为计划更安全。
- The event moved because of the rain.活动因下雨而转移。
- Although it costs more, it may be better.虽然更贵，但它可能更好。
- The goal is good. However, the timing is difficult.目标很好，不过时间安排困难。
小心中文直译不要说 although...but...；英语里 although 已表达“虽然”，主句不再加 but。
5发音实验：同意、让步和转折语调
先承认对方观点时语调平和，在 however 后短暂停顿并重读真正不同之处。
That's TRUE. | However, the COST is high.Although I AGREE, | we need TIME.I support it beCAUSE it's SAFE.That MIGHT work.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Later Library Hours
Students have asked the town library to stay open until ten on weekdays. They say later hours would help people who work or attend classes during the day. Although the idea is popular, the library has a limited staff budget. One possible solution is to keep only the ground floor open after eight. This would provide study space while reducing staffing and energy costs. The library will test the plan for one month before making a final decision.
中文意义支持
学生要求镇图书馆工作日开放至晚上十点。他们说延长时间会帮助白天工作或上课的人。虽然这个想法很受欢迎，但图书馆员工预算有限。一种可能方案是八点后只开放一楼。这样既提供学习空间，又减少人员和能源成本。图书馆会试行一个月，再作最终决定。
读听任务
1. Why do students want later hours?
They work or attend classes during the day.
2. How could the library reduce costs?
By opening only the ground floor after eight.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
对“社区空间是否应延长开放”表达立场、两个理由、一个让步和一个折中方案。
- I support / don't support... because...
- Although..., ...
- However, we could...
参考示范，不要背稿
I support later opening because evening workers need a quiet place. Although staffing costs may rise, the library could open only one floor after eight. However, the plan should be tested before it becomes permanent.
写作迁移
写100—120词的社区意见留言，包含观点、证据、让步和建议。
参考文本与自查
I support a weekend car-free period on River Street because families would have more safe outdoor space. Local cafés might also serve more people outside. Although some businesses need vehicle access, deliveries could be allowed before ten. However, the council should not make the change permanent immediately. A six-week trial would show whether traffic moves to nearby streets and whether shops benefit.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示表达不同意见时，承认对方一个合理点并不等于放弃立场；它能显示你听见了对方，也让后续建议更可信。
本课毕业任务收集同伴两种相反意见，写一份四格“立场—理由—让步—折中”发言卡并参加小组讨论。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
If This Happens
如果发生这种情况
本课真实任务
讨论日常规则和未来可能情况，为社区活动制定应变方案。
- I can explain what usually happens under a condition.
- I can describe a likely future result and a practical response.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我支持这个想法，因为……
核对
I support the idea because... — I support the idea because it is safer. - 虽然我……，但……
核对
Although I..., ... — Although I agree, the cost worries me. - 确实如此，不过……
核对
That's true. However,... — That's true. However, we need more data.
2进入情境
户外社区集市前，团队检查天气、人员和设备的应变措施。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MartaWhat happens if a seller arrives without a booking?如果摊主没有预订就到场，怎么办？
IanIf someone has no booking, we check with the event manager.如果有人没有预订，我们会向活动经理确认。
MartaAnd if it rains tomorrow, will we cancel?如果明天下雨，我们会取消吗？
IanNo. If the rain is light, we'll move the tables under the covered area.不会。如果雨小，我们会把桌子移到有遮盖的区域。
MartaWhat if the wind becomes strong?如果风变大呢？
IanIf conditions become unsafe, we'll close the outdoor section and message everyone.如果情况变得不安全，我们会关闭室外区并通知所有人。
MartaGood. I'll put those steps on the volunteer card.好。我把这些步骤写到志愿者卡上。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What happens if...?如果……通常会怎样？What happens if someone is late?
If someone has no..., we...如果有人没有……，我们就……If someone has no ticket, we check the list.
if it rains tomorrow如果明天下雨If it rains tomorrow, we'll move inside.
What if...?如果……怎么办？What if the bus is full?
become unsafe变得不安全Stop if conditions become unsafe.
message everyone通知所有人We'll message everyone by six.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Zero and first conditionals
零条件句描述一般规则或常见结果，两边常用现在时；第一条件句描述真实可能的未来，if 从句用现在时，结果句用 will/can/may。
If + present, present; If + present, will/can/may + base verb
- If a visitor has no ticket, we check the list.如果访客没有票，我们就查名单。
- If it rains tomorrow, we'll move inside.如果明天下雨，我们会移到室内。
- If you finish early, you can help at reception.如果你早完成，可以去前台帮忙。
小心中文直译第一条件句的 if 从句通常不说 if it will rain；应说 if it rains。
5发音实验：条件与结果的分块
if 从句在前时，条件结束后短暂停顿；重读触发条件和关键行动。
If it RAINS, | we'll move INside.If it's UNsafe, | we'll CLOSE.What if the BUS is full?If you FINish, | you can HELP.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Repair Café Backup Plan
The monthly repair café helps residents fix small household items. If a visitor brings an electrical device, a trained volunteer checks it before anyone opens it. If an item is unsafe, the team does not repair it. Next Saturday may be unusually busy. If more than forty visitors arrive, the organizers will start a numbered waiting list. If the wait becomes longer than an hour, they will stop accepting new items and offer places at the next event.
中文意义支持
每月一次的维修咖啡馆帮助居民修理小型家居用品。如果访客带来电器，受过培训的志愿者会先检查，再由任何人拆开。如果物品不安全，团队不会维修。下周六可能特别忙。如果访客超过40人，组织者会启用编号等候名单。如果等待超过一小时，他们会停止接收新物品，并提供下次活动的名额。
读听任务
1. What happens when an electrical device arrives?
A trained volunteer checks it first.
2. What will happen if the wait exceeds an hour?
The team will stop accepting new items and offer later places.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
抽取“下雨、志愿者缺席、设备故障、人数翻倍”之一，说明规则和未来应对。
- If..., we usually...
- If ... happens tomorrow, we'll...
- If that doesn't work, we can...
参考示范，不要背稿
If equipment fails, we usually contact the site manager. If the microphone stops tomorrow, we'll use the small portable speaker. If that doesn't work, we can move the talk into a quieter room.
写作迁移
写100—120词的活动应变卡，包含两条一般规则和两条未来方案。
参考文本与自查
If a visitor needs accessibility support, we ask what would help instead of guessing. If an entrance becomes blocked, volunteers keep people away and contact the building manager. If heavy rain starts during Saturday's event, we will move the welcome desk inside. If the indoor hall becomes full, we will pause entry, count available spaces, and update people waiting outside.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示风险沟通应避免只说 Don't worry。说明触发条件、负责人和下一步，让人知道何时以及如何行动，更能建立信任。
本课毕业任务为一个小型活动制作包含四种风险的 if–then 应变树，并接受同伴随机追问。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
News and Messages
新闻与通知
本课真实任务
从通知中提取谁、何事、何时和行动要求，并用中性语言转述。
- I can understand simple passive sentences in public notices.
- I can summarize a short update without adding unsupported details.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 如果……通常会怎样？
核对
What happens if...? — What happens if someone is late? - 如果有人没有……，我们就……
核对
If someone has no..., we... — If someone has no ticket, we check the list. - 如果明天下雨
核对
if it rains tomorrow — If it rains tomorrow, we'll move inside.
2进入情境
社区中心临时关闭部分设施，工作人员需要向访客准确转述通知。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
VisitorWhy is the east entrance closed?东侧入口为什么关闭？
StaffIt was damaged during last night's storm.它在昨晚暴风雨中受损。
VisitorHas anyone been hurt?有人受伤吗？
StaffNo injuries have been reported. The area has been checked by the safety team.没有人员受伤报告。安全团队已经检查了该区域。
VisitorHow can I reach the sports hall?我怎么去体育馆？
StaffA temporary entrance has been opened on King Street.国王街已开放一个临时入口。
VisitorThanks. I'll follow the signs.谢谢。我会按标志走。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
was damaged during...在……期间受损The roof was damaged during the storm.
has been reported已被报告No delay has been reported.
has been checked by...已由……检查The room has been checked by staff.
temporary entrance临时入口Use the temporary entrance.
follow the signs按照标志走Follow the signs to reception.
according to the notice根据通知According to the notice, the hall is open.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Basic passive voice
被动语态用于行动或结果比执行者更重要的情况；用 be + 过去分词，必要时用 by 说明执行者。
subject + be + past participle (+ by + agent)
- The entrance was damaged.入口受损了。
- The area has been checked by the team.该区域已由团队检查。
- A new route will be announced tomorrow.新路线将于明天公布。
小心中文直译被动语态必须有 be 的适当形式；The area checked by staff 不是完整谓语，应说 was checked。
5发音实验：通知中的内容词重音
被动结构里的 be 往往较轻，真正信息落在事物、动作结果、地点和时间。
The EAST entrance was DAMaged.No INjuries have been rePORTed.The AREA has been CHECKED.A NEW route will be anNOUNCED.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Community Pool Update
The community pool will be closed on Thursday morning because a water filter is being replaced. Swimming lessons before noon have been cancelled, and affected families have been contacted by email. The fitness room and café will remain open. The pool is expected to reopen at two, but visitors should check the center's notice page before traveling. Bookings can be moved to another day without an extra charge.
中文意义支持
社区泳池周四上午将关闭，因为一个水过滤器正在更换。中午前的游泳课已经取消，受影响家庭已通过邮件联系。健身房和咖啡馆仍然开放。泳池预计两点重新开放，但访客出发前应查看中心通知页。预订可以免费改到其他日期。
读听任务
1. Why will the pool close?
Because a water filter is being replaced.
2. What should visitors do before traveling?
Check the center's notice page.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
阅读一条设施变更卡，用30秒说明发生了什么、哪些人受影响、何时和该做什么。
- According to the notice,...
- ... has been...
- Visitors should... before...
参考示范，不要背稿
According to the notice, the west lift has been closed for repairs. Visitors who need step-free access should use the lift near the café. The work is expected to finish on Friday, so check the update before traveling.
写作迁移
写90—110词的中性公共通知，包含变化、原因、受影响对象和行动要求。
参考文本与自查
The second-floor study area will be closed from Monday to Wednesday because new lighting is being installed. Existing room bookings have been moved to the ground floor, and users have been contacted by email. The return desk will remain open. Visitors who need a quiet workspace should reserve a ground-floor desk before arriving. A reopening update will be posted on Wednesday afternoon.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示转述通知时要区分“通知明确写了什么”和自己的推测。用 according to the notice 标明来源，并避免把 expected 说成 guaranteed。
本课毕业任务把一则杂乱的模拟公告改写为四要素通知，再做口头转述；同伴检查是否加入了原文没有的信息。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Community Decision
社区决策论坛
本课真实任务
综合资料与不同意见，参加一次小型论坛并形成有条件的共同决定。
- I can report another person's main point.
- I can compare options, respond to concerns, and help reach a decision.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 在……期间受损
核对
was damaged during... — The roof was damaged during the storm. - 已被报告
核对
has been reported — No delay has been reported. - 已由……检查
核对
has been checked by... — The room has been checked by staff.
2进入情境
居民讨论空置地块应该变成花园、停车区还是混合空间。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairWe have three options. Which one should we discuss first?我们有三个方案。先讨论哪个？
LuisMara said that families needed more green space, so I suggest the garden.玛拉说家庭需要更多绿地，所以我建议花园。
PriyaI understand that, but several shop owners said parking was already difficult.我理解，但几位店主说停车已经很困难。
LuisWhat if we use most of the land as a garden and keep six short-stay spaces?如果大部分土地做花园，并保留六个短时停车位呢？
PriyaThat could work if deliveries are allowed before nine.如果九点前允许送货，那可能可行。
ChairLet's test the mixed plan for six months and collect feedback.我们试行混合方案六个月并收集反馈吧。
LuisAgreed. Then the final decision will be based on actual use.同意。这样最终决定将以实际使用情况为依据。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
said that...说……Mara said that families needed space.
I understand that, but...我理解，不过……I understand that, but the cost is high.
What if we...?如果我们……怎么样？What if we test both ideas?
That could work if...如果……，那可能可行That could work if we start small.
collect feedback收集反馈We'll collect feedback for a month.
be based on actual use以实际使用为依据The decision should be based on actual use.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Basic reported speech
转述别人较早说过的话时，常用 said that，动词可后移一个时态；告诉某人用 told + 人 + that。A2 阶段重点是准确传达主旨。
person + said (that) + clause; person + told + object + (that) + clause
- Mara said that families needed more space.玛拉说家庭需要更多空间。
- The owners said parking was difficult.店主们说停车困难。
- The chair told us that the trial would last six months.主持人告诉我们试行将持续六个月。
小心中文直译不要说 she told that；told 后必须有对象，如 she told us that。没有对象时用 said that。
5发音实验：论坛中的轮次与回应语调
用姓名或承接语进入发言；先平稳复述，再在自己的不同点上加重音，避免用音量抢话。
Mara SAID that...I underSTAND that, | but...What if WE...?That could WORK if...
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Ideas for One Empty Lot
A neighborhood survey received 186 replies about an empty lot. Eighty-two people preferred a garden because the area has little green space. Fifty-nine chose parking, mainly because nearby shops have no loading zone. Forty-five supported a small market area for weekend sellers. Several comments suggested combining ideas. The council can fund only a six-month trial this year, so residents must choose a plan that is useful, affordable, and easy to evaluate.
中文意义支持
一项关于空置地块的社区调查收到186份回复。82人倾向花园，因为该地区绿地很少；59人选择停车区，主要因为附近商店没有装卸区；45人支持供周末摊主使用的小市场。多条评论建议合并方案。委员会今年只能资助六个月试行，因此居民必须选择有用、负担得起且易于评估的方案。
读听任务
1. Which option received the most support?
The garden, with 82 replies.
2. Why must residents choose an easy-to-evaluate plan?
Because funding is available only for a six-month trial.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
使用三张意见卡参加四分钟论坛：准确转述一人、表达立场、回应担忧并提出可测试方案。
- ... said that...
- I understand that, but...
- What if we...? That could work if...
参考示范，不要背稿
The shop owners said that deliveries were difficult. I understand that, but using the whole lot for parking would remove the chance for green space. What if we create a garden with six short-stay spaces? That could work if we test it for six months and count how each part is used.
写作迁移
写120词左右的论坛结论，说明资料、主要分歧、折中方案和评估方式。
参考文本与自查
The survey showed that the garden had the strongest support, while shop owners were concerned about loading space. Residents agreed that leaving the lot unused was not helpful. The group chose a mixed six-month trial: most of the land will become a garden, and six spaces will be available for short deliveries before nine. The council will count visitors, record parking use, and collect comments from residents and businesses before making a final decision.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示协商的目标不一定是让所有人完全同意，而是准确呈现利益、找到可接受条件，并约定如何用证据复盘决定。
本课毕业任务完成 A2 毕业论坛：阅读数据、抽取利益相关者角色、进行五分钟讨论，提交共同决定和个人120词反思。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Story with a Background
有背景层次的故事
本课真实任务
讲述一次计划被意外打断的经历，用不同过去时态交代先后关系。
- I can use narrative tenses to make the order of past events clear.
- I can explain how an earlier action affected a later moment.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 说……
核对
said that... — Mara said that families needed space. - 我理解，不过……
核对
I understand that, but... — I understand that, but the cost is high. - 如果我们……怎么样？
核对
What if we...? — What if we test both ideas?
2进入情境
萨姆在聚会上讲述自己如何在陌生城市错过最后一班火车。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MayaYou said your weekend trip ended unexpectedly. What happened?你说周末旅行意外收场了。发生了什么？
SamI was walking back to the station when I realized I'd left my phone in the restaurant.我正往车站走，突然发现把手机落在餐厅了。
MayaHad the restaurant closed by then?那时餐厅已经关门了吗？
SamAlmost. By the time I found the phone, the last train had already left.差不多。等我找到手机时，末班车已经开走了。
MayaSo what did you do?那你怎么办？
SamA waiter showed me a night-bus route that I hadn't seen online.一位服务员给我看了一条我在网上没看到的夜班公交线路。
MayaThat sounds stressful, but at least you found a way home.听起来压力很大，不过至少你找到了回家的办法。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
ended unexpectedly意外收场The evening ended unexpectedly.
I realized I'd left...我意识到把……落下了I realized I'd left my wallet upstairs.
by the time等到……时By the time we arrived, the doors had closed.
had already left已经离开了The bus had already left.
a route I hadn't seen一条我没见过的路线She suggested a route I hadn't seen.
find a way home找到回家的办法We eventually found a way home.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Past simple, past continuous, and past perfect
过去进行时建立背景，一般过去时推进主要事件，过去完成时说明在另一个过去时刻之前已经发生的事。
was/were + verb-ing; past form; had + past participle
- I was walking when I noticed the time.我走路时注意到了时间。
- I ran back to the restaurant.我跑回餐厅。
- The last train had already left.末班车已经开走了。
小心中文直译过去完成时不是“越正式越好”；只有需要明确“过去的过去”时才用，主事件仍多用一般过去时。
5发音实验：叙事意群与关键信息焦点
背景信息较轻，转折词和改变结果的动作重读；在 by the time 等时间路标前后合理分块。
I was WALKing back | when I reALized...By the TIME I arrived, | it had LEFT.I'd LEFT my PHONE.At LEAST | I got HOME.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Interview Jacket
Nadia had prepared carefully for an online interview. She had tested her camera, printed her notes, and chosen a quiet room. Ten minutes before the call, she was making tea when her young nephew spilled juice on her jacket. Nadia changed quickly, but then the internet stopped working. Because she had saved the interviewer's phone number earlier, she called, explained the delay, and joined from her phone five minutes later.
中文意义支持
纳迪娅为线上面试做了仔细准备。她测试过摄像头、打印了笔记并选好安静房间。通话前十分钟，她泡茶时，小侄子把果汁洒在她的外套上。她迅速换衣服，但随后网络又断了。因为她之前保存了面试官的号码，所以她打电话解释延误，并在五分钟后用手机加入。
读听任务
1. What had Nadia done before the problem began?
She had tested equipment, printed notes, and chosen a room.
2. How did she solve the internet problem?
She called and joined the interview from her phone.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
讲述一次“本来准备好了，但发生意外”的经历，至少交代一个更早完成的动作。
- I had already... before...
- I was... when...
- By the time..., ... had...
参考示范，不要背稿
I had already packed everything before I went to bed. I was leaving the house when I noticed my passport was not in my bag. By the time I found it under a notebook, the taxi had been waiting for ten minutes, but I still reached the airport on time.
写作迁移
写110—130词的三层过去时故事，并在结尾说明提前准备如何影响结果。
参考文本与自查
I had prepared a detailed route before my first client visit. While I was changing trains, an announcement said the next line was closed. I checked my map, but the alternative route I had saved was also delayed. A station worker suggested a bus that left from the next street. By the time I reached the client's office, the meeting had just begun. My preparation did not prevent every problem, but it helped me explain the delay and choose quickly.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示自然叙事通常选择与结果有关的背景，不会报告每一分钟。听者追问时再补充细节，比一次塞入所有信息更容易交流。
本课毕业任务用六张时间卡重建一件意外事件，先口述，再让同伴打乱卡片并检查你的时态是否仍能表明顺序。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Then and Now
过去与现在
本课真实任务
比较自己或社区过去与现在的习惯、状态和环境，并解释变化。
- I can describe past states and repeated habits that no longer exist.
- I can contrast earlier routines with the present.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 意外收场
核对
ended unexpectedly — The evening ended unexpectedly. - 我意识到把……落下了
核对
I realized I'd left... — I realized I'd left my wallet upstairs. - 等到……时
核对
by the time — By the time we arrived, the doors had closed.
2进入情境
两位老同学重访校园，讨论十年前的学习生活。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
TaraThis building looks completely different.这栋楼看起来完全不同了。
WeiIt does. The library used to be on the ground floor.确实。图书馆以前在一楼。
TaraI remember. We would meet there after class and study until dinner.我记得。我们过去常常下课后在那里见面，一直学习到晚饭。
WeiNow students book digital rooms, but we used to share one long table.现在学生预订数字学习室，但我们过去共用一张长桌。
TaraI didn't use to enjoy group work, yet now I manage a project team.我以前不喜欢小组作业，可现在我管理一个项目团队。
WeiFunny how the habits we disliked sometimes become useful later.有趣的是，我们曾不喜欢的习惯后来有时反而很有用。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
used to be过去曾是This used to be a café.
would meet there过去常在那里见面We would meet there every Friday.
didn't use to enjoy过去不喜欢I didn't use to enjoy cooking.
looks completely different看起来完全不同The street looks completely different.
now..., but we used to...现在……，但过去我们……Now I drive, but I used to cycle.
become useful later后来变得有用That skill became useful later.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Used to and would for past habits
used to 可描述过去状态或重复习惯；would 只描述重复动作，通常先交代过去时间背景。否定和疑问用 did + use to。
used to + verb; would + verb; didn't use to + verb; Did ... use to...?
- The library used to be downstairs.图书馆过去在楼下。
- We would study there after class.我们过去常下课后在那里学习。
- I didn't use to like meetings.我过去不喜欢开会。
- Did you use to walk to school?你过去常步行上学吗？
小心中文直译不要用 would 描述过去状态，如 The library would be downstairs；状态应使用 used to be。
5发音实验：used to 的自然连读
used to 在肯定句中常近似 /ˈjuːstə/；didn't use to 里的 use 也弱化，但写法不要混淆。
used to LIVEused to BEdidn't use to LIKEDid you use to WALK?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Street That Changed
Maple Street used to have heavy traffic and narrow sidewalks. Parents would drive even short distances because walking felt unsafe. Five years ago, the town widened the sidewalks, planted trees, and added a protected cycle lane. Now more families walk to school, and cafés place tables outside. Some residents miss the old parking spaces, but local surveys show that most people spend more time on the street than they used to.
中文意义支持
枫树街过去车流很大，人行道狭窄。家长即使距离很短也常开车，因为步行让人觉得不安全。五年前，小镇拓宽人行道、种树并增设受保护自行车道。现在更多家庭步行上学，咖啡馆也摆出户外桌椅。一些居民怀念旧停车位，但当地调查显示，大多数人在街上停留的时间比过去更长。
读听任务
1. Why did parents use to drive short distances?
Because walking felt unsafe.
2. What do surveys show now?
Most people spend more time on the street.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
比较一个熟悉地方五年前与现在的三项变化，并说明其中一项影响。
- It used to be/have...
- People would...
- Now..., whereas before...
参考示范，不要背稿
Our station used to have only one entrance, and commuters would form a long line every morning. Now it has three entrances and a larger ticket area. Travel is quicker, whereas nearby shops receive fewer passing customers than before.
写作迁移
写110—130词比较过去和现在，包含状态、重复习惯、当前结果和一个复杂影响。
参考文本与自查
My family used to buy almost everything at one large supermarket. We would drive there on Sunday and spend two hours shopping. Three years ago, a weekly market opened near our apartment. Now we walk there for vegetables and bread, while we still use the supermarket for household products. Shopping takes less time and we know several sellers personally. However, planning is more important because the market is open only one morning each week.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示谈社会变化时，不要自动把“现在”写成更好。指出谁受益、谁可能不便，以及依据是什么，会让比较更成熟。
本课毕业任务采访一位熟悉同一地点较久的人，制作“过去状态—过去习惯—现在—复杂影响”对照板并口头汇报。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
People Who Changed Me
影响过我的人
本课真实任务
介绍一位影响自己的人，用具体事件解释影响，而不是只罗列性格词。
- I can add non-essential information about a person or place.
- I can connect a person's action with a change in my behavior.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 过去曾是
核对
used to be — This used to be a café. - 过去常在那里见面
核对
would meet there — We would meet there every Friday. - 过去不喜欢
核对
didn't use to enjoy — I didn't use to enjoy cooking.
2进入情境
播客主持人邀请嘉宾谈一位改变其职业方向的老师。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HostWho had the greatest influence on your early career?谁对你的早期职业影响最大？
LenaMy science teacher, Mr. Iqbal, who also ran the school garden.我的科学老师伊克巴尔先生，他还负责学校花园。
HostWhat did he do that mattered to you?他做了什么对你很重要？
LenaHe asked me to lead a soil experiment, which was the first project I had managed.他让我负责一个土壤实验，那是我管理的第一个项目。
HostDid that experience change your plans?那段经历改变了你的计划吗？
LenaYes. I later studied environmental science in Bristol, where I also volunteered on an urban farm.改变了。我后来在布里斯托尔学习环境科学，也在那里的一座城市农场做志愿者。
HostSo his trust gave you evidence that you could lead.所以他的信任让你看见自己能够领导的证据。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
had an influence on对……有影响She had a lasting influence on me.
who also...他／她还……My aunt, who also paints, encouraged me.
what mattered to me对我重要的事情Her honesty was what mattered to me.
the first project I had managed我管理的第一个项目It was the first event I had managed.
change your plans改变你的计划Did the experience change your plans?
gave me evidence that...让我看到……的证据The result gave me evidence that I could improve.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Non-defining relative clauses
非限定性关系从句用逗号补充非必需信息，常用 who、which、where；去掉后主句仍能识别对象。
named/specific noun, who/which/where + extra information, main clause
- Mr. Iqbal, who ran the garden, trusted me.伊克巴尔先生负责花园，他信任我。
- The experiment, which lasted a month, taught me patience.这项实验持续一个月，教会我耐心。
- I studied in Bristol, where I joined a farm project.我在布里斯托尔学习，并在那里参加农场项目。
小心中文直译非限定性从句不用 that，也不能漏掉书写中的逗号；它补充的是额外信息。
5发音实验：插入信息的语调
非限定性从句前后形成轻微边界，插入部分音高略变但不抢走主句核心。
Mr. Iqbal, | who ran the GARden, | trusted ME.The project, | which lasted a MONTH, | changed my PLAN.Bristol, | where I STUDied, | felt welcoming.My SISTER, | who is an engineer, | helped.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Manager Who Asked Better Questions
My first manager, Jo, rarely gave me an immediate answer. Instead, she asked what I had already tried and what evidence I had. At first, which was a stressful period for me, I thought she was avoiding responsibility. Later I understood that she was teaching me to think independently. Jo, who now works in another country, still sends me one question whenever I face a difficult choice: “What would you advise a colleague to do?”
中文意义支持
我的第一位经理乔很少立刻给我答案。相反，她会问我已经尝试过什么、有什么证据。起初，那对我是一个压力很大的时期，我以为她在逃避责任。后来我明白，她在教我独立思考。乔现在在另一个国家工作，每当我面临困难选择，她仍会发给我一个问题：“如果是同事，你会建议他怎么做？”
读听任务
1. Why did the writer first misunderstand Jo?
The writer thought Jo was avoiding responsibility.
2. What was Jo actually teaching?
Independent thinking.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
介绍一位影响你的人：补充背景、讲一个具体行动，并解释你的变化。
- ..., who..., had an influence on me.
- Once, he/she...
- That experience changed the way I...
参考示范，不要背稿
My older cousin, who works as a technician, had a strong influence on me. Once, she helped me repair a radio but refused to take over the task. That experience changed the way I approach problems: I now test one idea at a time instead of giving up.
写作迁移
写120—140词人物短文，包含两处非限定性从句和一个可观察的影响。
参考文本与自查
My neighbor Mrs. Chen, who moved into our building when I was twelve, changed how I think about community. She noticed that older residents found online forms difficult, so she held a free help hour every Sunday. I first went only to carry chairs. Soon I was explaining simple phone settings to visitors. The community room, where the sessions took place, became a place where different generations talked. Her example taught me that useful change can begin with one regular hour.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示人物赞美在不同文化中表达方式不同。用一个具体选择及其影响，通常比 hero、perfect 等绝对评价更真诚。
本课毕业任务完成一段两分钟人物音频肖像，并附一张“行动—影响—我现在的行为”证据卡。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Personal Story Talk
个人故事演讲
本课真实任务
把个人经历改编成四分钟口头故事，让听者理解事件、情绪变化和意义。
- I can sustain a structured personal story for several minutes.
- I can distinguish an event that causes a feeling from the person's feeling.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 对……有影响
核对
had an influence on — She had a lasting influence on me. - 他／她还……
核对
who also... — My aunt, who also paints, encouraged me. - 对我重要的事情
核对
what mattered to me — Her honesty was what mattered to me.
2进入情境
社区故事夜彩排中，导师帮助演讲者把事件清单变成有意义的故事。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
CoachYour events are clear, but what changed inside you?你的事件很清楚，但你的内心发生了什么变化？
RinaAt first I was frightened because I had never spoken to such a large audience.起初我很害怕，因为我从未面对这么多听众讲话。
CoachAnd what made the experience frightening rather than simply difficult?是什么让这段经历令人害怕，而不只是困难？
RinaThe microphone failed, which was embarrassing, and everyone turned toward me.麦克风坏了，这很尴尬，所有人都看向我。
CoachWhat did you do next?你接下来做了什么？
RinaI took a breath, moved closer, and continued without it. The audience became encouraging rather than frightening.我深呼吸、走近一些，然后不用麦克风继续。听众变得令人鼓舞，而不再让人害怕。
CoachGood. That emotional change gives the story a purpose.很好。这样的情绪变化赋予故事意义。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
what changed inside you你内心发生了什么变化What changed inside you after that?
had never spoken to...从未对……讲过话I had never spoken to a large group.
made the experience...让经历变得……The silence made the experience uncomfortable.
take a breath深呼吸I took a breath before answering.
rather than而不是I listened rather than arguing.
give the story a purpose赋予故事意义The final choice gives the story a purpose.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing
-ing 形容词描述引发感受的人或事；-ed 形容词描述人的感受。部分词需要结合语义，不应只按主语是否为人判断。
thing/situation + be + adjective-ing; person + be/feel + adjective-ed
- The silence was frightening.沉默令人害怕。
- I felt frightened.我感到害怕。
- The audience was encouraging, so I felt encouraged.听众令人鼓舞，因此我受到鼓励。
小心中文直译I was boring 通常表示“我令人无聊”；想说“我感到无聊”应是 I was bored。
5发音实验：情绪转折的声音变化
不要用夸张音量代替意义；通过语速、停顿和关键词重音表现紧张到平静的变化。
At FIRST, | I felt FRIGHTened.The SILence was unCOMfortable.I took a BREATH | and conTINued.Then I felt ENcouraged.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Question I Could Not Answer
During my first conference talk, a listener asked a question I did not understand. The silence felt endless, and I was embarrassed. I nearly invented an answer, but instead I admitted that I needed the question in different words. The listener explained it more simply, and another participant added a useful example. I still could not give a complete answer, yet the discussion became the most interesting part of the session. I learned that honesty can create better conversation.
中文意义支持
第一次参加会议演讲时，一位听众问了一个我没听懂的问题。沉默仿佛无穷无尽，我很尴尬。我差点编造答案，但最终承认需要对方换一种说法。听众更简单地解释，另一位参与者又补充了有用例子。我仍无法完整回答，但讨论成了整场最有趣的部分。我明白诚实能创造更好的对话。
读听任务
1. What did the speaker do instead of inventing an answer?
Asked for the question in different words.
2. What lesson did the speaker learn?
Honesty can create better conversation.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成3—4分钟个人故事：建立场景、制造转折、表达情绪变化、给出反思，并回答一题。
- At the time, I felt... because...
- The ... was..., so I...
- Looking back, I realize...
参考示范，不要背稿
At the time, I felt embarrassed because I had forgotten a colleague's name in front of a group. The silence was uncomfortable, so I apologized and asked her to remind me. She laughed and said she had forgotten mine too. Looking back, I realize that admitting a small mistake often creates less tension than hiding it.
写作迁移
把演讲压缩成130—150词故事简介，保留情绪弧线和核心反思。
参考文本与自查
On my first day as a volunteer guide, I confidently led six visitors into the wrong room. Discovering the mistake was embarrassing, and I expected them to be annoyed. Instead of pretending the room had been part of the tour, I admitted the error and checked the map with them. One visitor made a joke, and the group became more relaxed. We reached the exhibition only three minutes late. Looking back, I learned that calm honesty can turn a mistake into cooperation.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示个人故事可选择适合公开分享的脆弱程度。真实不等于必须披露创伤；一件小失误及其反思同样有价值。
本课毕业任务完成提纲、首次演讲、听者追问和第二版；评分只看结构、清晰度、互动和反思，不奖励背稿痕迹。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
What Has Been Going Wrong?
问题一直出在哪里
本课真实任务
说明一个持续问题的时间、频率、影响和已尝试措施，为解决问题提供证据。
- I can describe an activity or problem continuing up to now.
- I can separate observed facts from assumptions about a cause.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你内心发生了什么变化
核对
what changed inside you — What changed inside you after that? - 从未对……讲过话
核对
had never spoken to... — I had never spoken to a large group. - 让经历变得……
核对
made the experience... — The silence made the experience uncomfortable.
2进入情境
远程团队向技术支持报告视频会议反复断线的问题。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
SupportHow long has the connection been dropping?连接中断多久了？
NoraIt's been dropping several times a day since Monday.从周一起，它每天中断好几次。
SupportHas everyone been having the same problem?每个人都遇到同样的问题吗？
NoraNo. Three of us have been working from the north office, and only that room is affected.没有。我们三个人一直在北办公室工作，只有那个房间受影响。
SupportWhat have you tried so far?目前你们尝试了什么？
NoraWe've restarted the router and tested two laptops, but the calls are still failing.我们重启过路由器并测试了两台笔记本，但通话仍然失败。
SupportThat helps. I'll compare the network log with the times you recorded.这很有帮助。我会把网络日志与你记录的时间进行比较。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
How long has ... been...?……持续多久了？How long has the screen been freezing?
several times a day每天数次It happens several times a day.
since Monday自周一以来We've been testing it since Monday.
only ... is affected只有……受影响Only one room is affected.
What have you tried so far?目前尝试过什么？What have you tried so far?
compare the log with...把日志与……比较Compare the log with the reported times.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Present perfect continuous
用 have/has been + verb-ing 强调从过去持续到现在的活动、重复现象或刚停止但有当前证据的过程。
subject + have/has been + verb-ing + for/since
- The connection has been dropping since Monday.连接从周一起一直反复中断。
- We've been testing different laptops.我们一直在测试不同的笔记本。
- How long have you been waiting?你等了多久？
小心中文直译通常不用进行形式描述 know、believe、own 等状态；说 I've known her for years，不说 I've been knowing her。
5发音实验：缩略链与持续时间重音
it's been、we've been 中助动词很轻，持续时间和反复频率获得重音。
It's been DROPping since MONday.We've been TESTing for TWO hours.How LONG has it been HAPpening?SEVeral times a DAY.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Finding the Pattern
A café has been receiving complaints about slow service for three weeks. At first, the manager assumed that new staff were causing the delays. However, she recorded order times for five days and found a different pattern. Service was normal in the morning but became slow after three, when delivery drivers also used the front counter. The café has now created a separate collection point and has been measuring waiting times to see whether the change works.
中文意义支持
一家咖啡馆连续三周收到服务缓慢的投诉。经理最初认为是新员工造成延误。然而，她记录了五天的订单时间，发现了不同规律。上午服务正常，但三点后变慢，因为送货司机也使用前台。咖啡馆现已设置单独取货点，并持续测量等待时间，以观察改变是否有效。
读听任务
1. What did the manager first assume?
That new staff were causing delays.
2. What evidence revealed the actual pattern?
Five days of recorded order times.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
报告一个反复发生的问题：持续多久、影响谁、出现规律、尝试过什么、还缺什么证据。
- ... has been ...ing for/since...
- It happens most often when...
- So far, we've tried..., but...
参考示范，不要背稿
The printer has been stopping halfway through large jobs since last week. It happens most often after lunch and affects all three teams. So far, we've changed the paper and restarted it, but the error continues. We still need to compare the job sizes and error times.
写作迁移
写120—140词问题记录，明确区分观察、推测、已尝试行动和下一步。
参考文本与自查
Customers have been reporting missing confirmation emails for nine days. The problem appears mainly with bookings made after 6 p.m., but we do not yet know why. So far, the team has tested three email accounts and checked the spam folder. The bookings themselves are being saved correctly. We have started recording the booking time, address type, and delivery result. We will review twenty examples before deciding whether the cause is the booking system or the email service.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示故障沟通中，把人当作原因容易引发防御。先记录时间、条件、范围和复现步骤，能让讨论从归责转向解决。
本课毕业任务观察一个低风险的真实重复问题三天，制作证据日志并做两分钟技术支持式汇报。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Options and Advice
方案与建议强度
本课真实任务
面对现实限制提出多个方案，区分可能性、建议和必要行动。
- I can offer options with different levels of certainty and strength.
- I can recommend an action while respecting the other person's priorities.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- ……持续多久了？
核对
How long has ... been...? — How long has the screen been freezing? - 每天数次
核对
several times a day — It happens several times a day. - 自周一以来
核对
since Monday — We've been testing it since Monday.
2进入情境
活动场地临时取消，组织者讨论延期、换址或线上举行。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
BenThe hall has cancelled our booking. We need a decision by noon.礼堂取消了我们的预订。我们中午前要做决定。
AshaWe could move to the community center, but it only holds forty people.我们可以移到社区中心，但那里只能容纳40人。
BenWe might run two smaller sessions instead.我们或许可以改成两场较小的活动。
AshaThat could work, although speakers would have to stay longer.这可能可行，不过演讲者得多留一段时间。
BenWe should contact them before we announce anything.宣布任何消息前，我们应该先联系他们。
AshaAgreed. We also need to confirm accessibility; that must not be treated as optional.同意。我们还需要确认无障碍条件，那绝不能被当作可选项。
BenI'll make the calls while you compare the two schedules.我打电话，你比较两个日程。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
We could...我们可以……We could move the event online.
We might...我们或许……We might hold two sessions.
That could work, although...这可能可行，不过……That could work, although it costs more.
We should contact...我们应该联系……We should contact the speakers first.
must not be treated as optional绝不能视为可选Safety must not be treated as optional.
compare the two schedules比较两个日程Let's compare the two schedules.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Modals for options, advice, and necessity
could/might 提出可能方案，should/ought to 给出建议，must/have to 表示强必要性。强度应与风险和职责匹配。
could/might/should/must + base verb; ought to + base verb; have to + base verb
- We could run two sessions.我们可以举办两场。
- We might move online.我们或许改到线上。
- We should ask the speakers first.我们应该先问演讲者。
- We must confirm accessibility.我们必须确认无障碍条件。
小心中文直译might 不表示“应该”；它只表示可能。涉及安全、法律或明确职责时，不要用 might 弱化必要行动。
5发音实验：情态动词的强度与重音
普通建议中情态词常较轻；纠正优先级时可重读 MUST 或 SHOULD，但应控制音量和语气。
We could MOVE it.We MIGHT run TWO sessions.We should CALL first.Safety MUST not be optional.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Ways to Save the Workshop
A weekend workshop lost its main trainer two days before the event. The team could cancel and refund everyone, but several participants had already booked travel. It might invite two local trainers to divide the topics, although neither has taught the full course. A third option is to hold the practical section now and move the advanced section online next month. The team should ask participants which outcome is most useful before choosing.
中文意义支持
周末工作坊在活动前两天失去了主培训师。团队可以取消并退款，但几位参与者已经预订了行程。团队也许可以邀请两位本地培训师分担主题，不过两人都没教过完整课程。第三个方案是现在举行实践部分，下月把进阶部分移到线上。团队在选择前应询问参与者哪种结果最有用。
读听任务
1. Why is cancellation difficult for some participants?
They have already booked travel.
2. What should the team do before deciding?
Ask participants which outcome is most useful.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
为一个临时取消或资源不足的情境提出三种方案，说明限制并推荐一项。
- We could..., but...
- We might... although...
- I think we should... because...
参考示范，不要背稿
We could postpone the event, but travelers may lose money. We might run a shorter local session, although it would cover less material. I think we should offer both a shorter session and a later online follow-up because that protects the main learning outcome.
写作迁移
写120—140词方案建议，至少比较三项选择并明确不可妥协条件。
参考文本与自查
We could move the training entirely online, but the equipment practice would be difficult. We might postpone everything until next month, although several new staff need the training now. A better option is to teach the safety and planning sections online this week and arrange small practical groups next month. We should confirm trainer availability today. The required safety checks must remain part of every practical session, even if the schedule becomes shorter.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示提供建议前先询问对方最看重什么。所谓“最佳方案”取决于成本、时间、可及性、风险和学习目标，不只是个人偏好。
本课毕业任务使用一张限制条件卡完成五分钟方案会议：至少提出三案、淘汰一案、保留一个备选，并记录决策依据。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
What Would You Do?
如果是你，你会怎么做
本课真实任务
讨论一个没有简单答案的假设情境，说明选择、理由和可能后果。
- I can discuss an unreal or unlikely present situation.
- I can explain what I would do and respond to an alternative.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我们可以……
核对
We could... — We could move the event online. - 我们或许……
核对
We might... — We might hold two sessions. - 这可能可行，不过……
核对
That could work, although... — That could work, although it costs more.
2进入情境
团队发现活动报名系统意外重复收费，讨论在信息不完整时应如何处理。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MayaWhat would you do if we couldn't identify every affected customer today?如果今天无法识别所有受影响客户，你会怎么做？
JonI'd pause new payments and post a clear notice.我会暂停新付款并发布清楚通知。
MayaWouldn't that worry people who weren't affected?那不会让未受影响的人担心吗？
JonIt might, but if we stayed silent, customers could lose more money.可能会，但如果我们保持沉默，客户可能损失更多钱。
MayaI'd also give people a contact form for checking their payment.我还会给人们一个核查付款的联系表。
JonGood idea. If I were managing the response, I'd update the notice every two hours.好主意。如果由我负责，我会每两小时更新通知。
MayaThen people would know what we had confirmed and what remained uncertain.这样人们就知道哪些已确认、哪些仍不确定。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What would you do if...?如果……你会怎么做？What would you do if the system failed?
I'd pause...我会暂停……I'd pause new orders.
Wouldn't that...?那不会……吗？Wouldn't that cause confusion?
if we stayed silent如果我们保持沉默If we stayed silent, trust would fall.
If I were managing...如果由我管理……If I were managing it, I'd call first.
remain uncertain仍不确定Several details remain uncertain.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Second conditional
第二条件句讨论与当前事实不同、较不可能或纯假设的情境。if 从句用过去式，结果句用 would/could/might + 动词原形。
If + past simple, subject + would/could/might + base verb
- If the system failed, I'd stop new payments.如果系统故障，我会停止新付款。
- If we had more time, we could contact everyone.如果时间更多，我们可以联系所有人。
- If I were you, I would explain the risk.如果我是你，我会解释风险。
小心中文直译标准形式通常说 If I were you，而非 If I would be you；if 从句一般不用 would。
5发音实验：would 的缩略与假设焦点
I'd、we'd 中 would 很短，重音放在假设条件和关键选择；反问 Wouldn't that...? 用语调邀请对方考虑后果。
What would you DO if...?I'd PAUSE payments.If I were YOU, | I'd EXPLAIN.Wouldn't that cause conFUsion?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Wallet with No Contact Details
Imagine finding a wallet with cash but no phone number. If I found one in a station, I would hand it to the official lost-property office and ask for a receipt. I would not post photographs of the cards online because that could expose private information. If there were no official office, I might contact the place manager or local authorities. I would record when and where I handed it over in case the owner later asked.
中文意义支持
想象一下捡到一个有现金却没有联系方式的钱包。如果我在车站捡到，我会交给官方失物招领处并索取收据。我不会在网上发布卡片照片，因为那可能泄露隐私。如果没有官方办公室，我可能联系场所经理或当地相关部门。我会记录交接时间和地点，以防失主后来询问。
读听任务
1. Why would the writer avoid posting card photos?
They could expose private information.
2. What would the writer record?
When and where the wallet was handed over.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
从“发现数据错误、捡到物品、同事要求隐瞒问题”中选一项，说明你会做什么、不会做什么及原因。
- If I were in that situation, I'd...
- I wouldn't... because...
- If that wasn't possible, I might...
参考示范，不要背稿
If I discovered that a public report contained incorrect figures, I'd tell the project lead and pause publication. I wouldn't quietly replace the file because readers might already have downloaded it. If we could not correct it immediately, I would post a dated notice explaining what was uncertain.
写作迁移
写120—140词回应一个伦理两难，比较至少两种选择及后果。
参考文本与自查
If a teammate asked me to hide a small safety mistake, I would refuse to remove it from the record. Staying silent might protect the team briefly, but it could allow the same problem to happen again. I would first speak privately with the teammate and focus on correcting the process rather than blaming them. If they still refused to report it, I would contact the responsible manager. I would keep factual notes of what happened and avoid adding assumptions about intention.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示假设讨论不是寻找唯一“西方式答案”。明确风险、责任、隐私和可逆性，比快速判断一个人对错更有助于跨文化合作。
本课毕业任务小组抽取两难卡，分别提出首选、备选和不可接受方案；最后写出共同决策原则。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Complaint and Negotiation
投诉与协商
本课真实任务
就服务未达成约定提出有证据的投诉，并协商具体、可确认的补救方案。
- I can explain a service failure with dates and evidence.
- I can use indirect questions and negotiate a practical resolution.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 如果……你会怎么做？
核对
What would you do if...? — What would you do if the system failed? - 我会暂停……
核对
I'd pause... — I'd pause new orders. - 那不会……吗？
核对
Wouldn't that...? — Wouldn't that cause confusion?
2进入情境
客户收到错误型号的办公椅，并联系供应商要求在开业前解决。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AgentCustomer support. How can I help?客户支持。有什么可以帮您？
FarahI'm calling about order 4816. Ten black chairs were ordered, but ten blue ones were delivered.我打电话是关于4816号订单。订的是十把黑椅子，送来的却是十把蓝椅子。
AgentI'm sorry. Could you tell me when the delivery arrived?很抱歉。您能告诉我货物何时到达吗？
FarahAt nine this morning. Could you check whether the correct chairs can arrive by Friday?今天早上九点。您能查一下正确椅子是否能在周五前送到吗？
AgentThe earliest replacement is Monday.最早的更换时间是周一。
FarahOur office opens Saturday. If Friday isn't possible, would you be able to lend us ten temporary chairs?我们的办公室周六开业。如果周五不行，您能借给我们十把临时椅子吗？
AgentLet me check. A temporary delivery on Friday should be possible at no charge.我查一下。周五免费送临时椅子应该可以。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I'm calling about order...我打电话是关于……订单I'm calling about order 4816.
was ordered / was delivered订购的是／交付的是Black was ordered, but blue was delivered.
Could you tell me when...?您能告诉我何时……吗？Could you tell me when it left?
Could you check whether...?您能确认是否……吗？Could you check whether Friday is possible?
the earliest replacement最早的替换时间The earliest replacement is Monday.
at no charge免费The service will be provided at no charge.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Indirect questions
间接问句用陈述语序，不再倒装；yes/no 问题用 if 或 whether 引入。礼貌开头不改变后半句语序。
Could you tell me + wh-word + subject + verb?; Could you check whether/if + subject + verb?
- Could you tell me when the order arrived?您能告诉我订单何时到达吗？
- Do you know where the driver is?您知道司机在哪里吗？
- Could you check whether Friday is possible?您能确认周五是否可行吗？
小心中文直译不要说 Could you tell me when did it arrive；间接问句应为 when it arrived。
5发音实验：坚定但不攻击的投诉语调
事实用稳定降调，解决请求用礼貌升降调；降低速度比提高音量更能显示控制。
TEN black chairs were ORdered.Could you tell me WHEN it arrived?We need a solution by FRI-day.Would you be able to LEND us chairs?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Complaint That Can Be Solved
A useful complaint identifies the agreement, the actual result, and the effect. Attach order numbers, dates, or photographs when relevant. Then ask for a specific remedy, such as replacement, repair, refund, or a temporary alternative. Avoid guessing why the failure happened unless you have evidence. Before ending the conversation, repeat the agreed action, deadline, and contact person. A written confirmation reduces the chance of a second misunderstanding.
中文意义支持
有效投诉会说明原约定、实际结果和造成的影响。适当时附上订单号、日期或照片。然后提出具体补救，如更换、维修、退款或临时替代。没有证据时不要猜测失败原因。结束对话前，复述已同意的行动、期限和联系人。书面确认能减少第二次误解。
读听任务
1. What three facts should begin a useful complaint?
The agreement, actual result, and effect.
2. What should be repeated before the conversation ends?
The action, deadline, and contact person.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成三分钟投诉协商：陈述约定与事实、说明影响、提出首选和备选补救、复述最终承诺。
- According to order..., ... was supposed to...
- Could you check whether...?
- If that isn't possible, would you be able to...?
参考示范，不要背稿
According to our booking, the room was supposed to include a projector, but none was available. Our workshop begins tomorrow. Could you check whether one can be installed by nine? If that isn't possible, would you be able to move us to an equipped room at no extra charge?
写作迁移
写130—150词正式投诉邮件，包含证据、影响、期望方案、备选和确认请求。
参考文本与自查
Subject: Incorrect items in order 4816. Ten black chairs were ordered for delivery today, but ten blue chairs arrived at 9 a.m. Photographs and the order confirmation are attached. Our office opens on Saturday, so the correct items are needed by Friday. Could you confirm whether replacement by Friday is possible? If not, please provide ten temporary black chairs at no charge and collect the incorrect items. Please confirm the delivery window and contact person in writing today.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示有些场景直接提出 refund 很正常，有些场景先给商家修复机会更常见。以合同、平台规则和具体影响为依据，不必用愤怒证明投诉有效。
本课毕业任务两人依据不同订单证据卡进行两轮协商，第二轮加入“首选无法实现”，要求达成并书面确认备选方案。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Entering a Conversation
进入对话与轮次管理
本课真实任务
在小组讨论中自然进入、保持、让出话轮，并邀请较少发言的人参与。
- I can enter and leave a discussion politely.
- I can hold a turn briefly and invite another person's contribution.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我打电话是关于……订单
核对
I'm calling about order... — I'm calling about order 4816. - 订购的是／交付的是
核对
was ordered / was delivered — Black was ordered, but blue was delivered. - 您能告诉我何时……吗？
核对
Could you tell me when...? — Could you tell me when it left?
2进入情境
四人会议讨论培训时间，发言出现重叠且一位成员一直没有机会说话。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LeoThe morning session is cheaper, so I think we should—上午场更便宜，所以我觉得我们应该——
NinaSorry to jump in, but could I add one practical point?抱歉插一句，我能补充一个实际问题吗？
LeoOf course. Go ahead.当然。请说。
NinaSeveral part-time staff cannot arrive before eleven. I have one more detail, then I'll come back to you.几位兼职员工十一点前到不了。我再补充一点，然后把话交还给你。
LeoThanks. In that case, an afternoon session may be more inclusive.谢谢。这样的话，下午场可能更包容。
NinaJae, we haven't heard from you yet. How would the timing affect your team?杰伊，我们还没听到你的意见。这个时间会怎样影响你的团队？
JaeAfternoon works better, although we would need thirty minutes between shifts.下午更合适，不过我们换班之间需要三十分钟。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Sorry to jump in, but...抱歉插一句，不过……Sorry to jump in, but may I clarify something?
Could I add one point?我能补充一点吗？Could I add one point about timing?
Go ahead请说Yes, go ahead.
I'll come back to you我会把话交还给你One detail, then I'll come back to you.
In that case这样的话In that case, let's start later.
We haven't heard from...我们还没听到……的意见We haven't heard from Sara yet.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Question tags for checking shared understanding
附加问句用相反极性简短核对信息或邀请认同；语调上升表示真询问，下降更像确认共同看法。
positive statement + negative tag?; negative statement + positive tag?
- The session starts at two, doesn't it?课程两点开始，对吧？
- We haven't heard from Jae, have we?我们还没听到杰伊意见，对吧？
- You can join online, can't you?你可以线上参加，对吗？
小心中文直译附加问句助动词和主语要对应；不要机械给所有句子加 isn't it。
5发音实验：插话、保留话轮与附加问句语调
插话开头语速稍快且音量温和；hold on 等保留轮次表达后立刻说明还需多久，避免霸占话轮。
Sorry to JUMP in, | but...Could I add ONE point?The session starts at TWO, | DOESn't it?Jae, | what do YOU think?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Meeting Where Everyone Spoke
At the first planning meeting, two confident members answered nearly every question. The chair did not simply tell them to speak less. She introduced a short round in which each person had one uninterrupted minute. Afterward, anyone could respond, but speakers had to refer to an earlier point before adding a new one. The quieter members contributed information about accessibility and delivery times that the group had missed. The meeting took five minutes longer but prevented larger problems.
中文意义支持
第一次计划会上，两位自信的成员几乎回答了所有问题。主持人没有简单要求他们少说，而是安排一轮发言，每人有一分钟不被打断。随后任何人都可回应，但发言前必须先提到一个已有观点。较安静的成员补充了小组遗漏的无障碍和送货时间信息。会议多用了五分钟，却避免了更大的问题。
读听任务
1. What structure did the chair introduce?
A one-minute uninterrupted round.
2. What useful information came from quieter members?
Accessibility and delivery-time information.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
参加四人讨论，必须完成一次礼貌插话、一次保留话轮、一次让出话轮和一次邀请他人。
- Sorry to jump in, but...
- I have one more point, then...
- We haven't heard from... What do you think?
参考示范，不要背稿
Sorry to jump in, but could I add one cost detail? The evening room is cheaper, but transport ends at nine. I have one more point, then I'll come back to you: two volunteers travel by bus. Hana, we haven't heard from you. Would an earlier finish help your team?
写作迁移
写120—140词会议观察记录，分析一次话轮问题并提出可执行改进。
参考文本与自查
In today's meeting, three people spoke repeatedly while two members contributed only at the end. The chair invited comments but did not create space before the fastest speakers answered. At the next meeting, we should begin each major question with thirty seconds of silent note-taking. We can then use a short round before open discussion. The chair should also say whose turn will follow, which may reduce interruption and help online participants enter the conversation.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示插话容忍度因团队、语言背景和线上延迟而异。好的互动不等于从不重叠，而是能标明意图、及时让出并修复被打断的话轮。
本课毕业任务录制五分钟小组决策，使用话轮观察表统计进入、打断、邀请和让出，再重做最失衡的一分钟。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
What Did They Mean?
他们到底是什么意思
本课真实任务
准确转述一段容易误解的口头信息，并区分原话、解释和自己的推断。
- I can report statements, requests, and questions.
- I can check an ambiguous message before acting on it.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 抱歉插一句，不过……
核对
Sorry to jump in, but... — Sorry to jump in, but may I clarify something? - 我能补充一点吗？
核对
Could I add one point? — Could I add one point about timing? - 请说
核对
Go ahead — Yes, go ahead.
2进入情境
项目成员对经理说的“先完成重点部分”理解不同，决定核对。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
RosaI thought Malik said that we should finish the whole report today.我以为马利克说今天应该完成整份报告。
ChenI heard him say that we should finish the priority sections.我听到他说应该完成重点部分。
RosaDid he explain which sections were priorities?他解释哪些是重点了吗？
ChenHe asked whether the budget table was ready, then told us to focus on the summary.他问预算表是否准备好，然后让我们专注摘要。
RosaSo neither of us has the complete instruction.所以我们谁都没有完整指令。
ChenLet's message him: 'Do you want the summary and budget today, or the entire report?'我们发消息问他：“你今天要摘要和预算，还是整份报告？”
RosaGood. We can report what we heard without guessing what he intended.好。我们可以报告听到的内容，而不猜他的意图。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I thought ... said that...我以为……说……I thought Ana said that Friday was fine.
I heard him/her say...我听到他／她说……I heard her say the summary was urgent.
asked whether...询问是否……He asked whether the table was ready.
told us to focus on...让我们专注于……She told us to focus on safety.
the complete instruction完整指令Neither note contains the complete instruction.
without guessing不进行猜测Report the facts without guessing.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Reported statements, questions, and requests
转述陈述用 said (that)，转述问句用 asked + wh/if/whether + 陈述语序，转述要求用 told/asked + 人 + to。
said that + clause; asked whether/wh + clause; told/asked + object + to + verb
- He said that the summary was urgent.他说摘要很紧急。
- She asked whether the table was ready.她问表格是否准备好。
- He told us to focus on the budget.他让我们专注预算。
小心中文直译转述问句不保留直接问句语序：asked whether was it ready 错，应是 asked whether it was ready。
5发音实验：引用、转述与推断的声音边界
用停顿和重音区分“他实际说的内容”与“我的理解”；不确定时降低确定语气并加 I thought/I understood。
He SAID that the SUMmary was urgent.He ASKED whether it was READY.I THOUGHT he meant TOday.Let's CHECK | without GUESSing.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Word 'Soon'
A team leader told the group that a client wanted changes “soon.” One member understood this as the end of the day; another assumed it meant the end of the week. Instead of arguing about whose interpretation was reasonable, they checked the original email. The client had asked whether a draft could be sent before Thursday's meeting. The team agreed to replace vague time words in task notes with a date, time, and time zone.
中文意义支持
团队负责人告诉大家，客户希望“尽快”修改。一人理解为当天结束前，另一人认为是本周结束前。他们没有争论谁的解释更合理，而是查看原始邮件。客户问能否在周四会议前发送草稿。团队决定今后在任务记录中用日期、时间和时区代替模糊时间词。
读听任务
1. How did the team resolve the disagreement?
They checked the original email.
2. What would they use instead of vague time words?
A date, time, and time zone.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
听一段含模糊时间或优先级的消息，转述原话、说明你的理解，并提出核对问题。
- ... said that...
- I understood this to mean...
- Could you confirm whether...?
参考示范，不要背稿
Mina said that the first version should be ready soon. I understood this to mean before Friday, but she did not give a date. Could you confirm whether she wants the outline on Thursday or the complete draft on Friday?
写作迁移
写120—140词澄清邮件，区分听到的内容、当前理解和需要确认之处。
参考文本与自查
Hi Malik, you said that we should finish the priority sections today. Chen heard you ask whether the budget table was ready, and I understood that the summary was also urgent. Could you confirm whether you want the summary and budget table by 5 p.m., or the complete report? We have not started the appendix because its priority was unclear. Once you confirm the scope and time zone, we will update the task board.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示soon、end of day、priority 等词在不同团队中含义不同。澄清不是能力不足，而是防止各自把文化习惯当成共同标准。
本课毕业任务进行“传话链”实验：四人依次转述一条复杂指令，比较最终版本与原文，并建立团队澄清清单。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Handling Conflict
处理分歧与冲突
本课真实任务
把对人的指责改写为可讨论的观察、影响、需求和请求。
- I can express dissatisfaction without attacking a person.
- I can discuss a desired change with wish and specific requests.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我以为……说……
核对
I thought ... said that... — I thought Ana said that Friday was fine. - 我听到他／她说……
核对
I heard him/her say... — I heard her say the summary was urgent. - 询问是否……
核对
asked whether... — He asked whether the table was ready.
2进入情境
两位同事因共享文档被反复修改而产生冲突，在协调人帮助下重启对话。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LucaYou always change my work without asking.你总是不问就改我的工作。
MiraI was trying to meet the deadline, not ignore you.我是想赶上截止时间，并不是要无视你。
FacilitatorCan we describe one recent example rather than use 'always'?我们能否描述一个最近例子，而不用“总是”？
LucaYesterday, two sections were replaced while I was reviewing them. I felt confused because I didn't know which version to use.昨天我检查时有两部分被替换。我很困惑，因为不知道用哪个版本。
MiraI wish we had a clearer editing rule. I can leave suggestions instead of replacing text directly.我希望我们有更清楚的编辑规则。我可以留下建议，而不是直接替换文本。
LucaThat would help. Could we also message each other before making major changes?那会有帮助。重大修改前我们也能互相发消息吗？
FacilitatorGood. You have a behavior, an impact, and two testable requests.很好。你们已经明确行为、影响和两个可检验请求。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
describe one recent example描述一个最近例子Can you describe one recent example?
rather than use 'always'而不是使用“总是”Describe the event rather than judge the person.
I felt... because...我感到……因为……I felt confused because the version changed.
I wish we had...我希望我们有……I wish we had a clearer process.
instead of replacing...而不是替换……Leave a comment instead of replacing it.
before making major changes重大修改前Ask before making major changes.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Wish for a different present
用 wish + 过去式表达希望当前情况不同；be 常用 were，尤其在较正式表达中。它说明愿望，仍需另加具体行动请求。
subject + wish + subject + past simple/were
- I wish we had a clearer rule.我希望我们现在有更清楚的规则。
- She wishes the meetings were shorter.她希望会议能短一些。
- I wish people checked before editing.我希望大家编辑前先核对。
小心中文直译wish 本身不等于请求。说 I wish you were more careful 容易像批评，应补充具体可做的行为。
5发音实验：降温语速与非攻击性焦点
冲突中减慢语速，重读具体行为和影响，不重击 you、always 等归责词。
YESterday, | two SECtions changed.I felt conFUSED | because...I WISH we had a clearer RULE.Could we MESSAGE first?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：From Blame to a Request
A volunteer told a coordinator, “You never listen.” The coordinator became defensive because the statement judged her whole behavior. They restarted with a recent event. The volunteer said that his safety question had not been discussed before a decision was made. He felt concerned because he was responsible for equipment checks. He asked for a two-minute safety review before future decisions. The new request did not guarantee agreement, but it created something the team could actually try.
中文意义支持
一名志愿者对协调人说：“你从来不听。”协调人因整个人的行为受到评判而产生防御。双方改用最近一次事件重新开始。志愿者说，在作出决定前，他的安全问题没有得到讨论。他感到担心，因为自己负责设备检查。他请求今后决策前进行两分钟安全审查。新请求不能保证大家同意，却创造了一件团队真正可以尝试的事情。
读听任务
1. Why did the coordinator become defensive?
The statement judged her whole behavior.
2. What testable request did the volunteer make?
A two-minute safety review before decisions.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
把一条“你总是／从不……”指责改成观察、影响、愿望和具体请求，并回应对方。
- When..., I felt... because...
- I wish we had...
- Could we try... for the next...?
参考示范，不要背稿
When the meeting time changed twice without a message, I felt frustrated because I had rearranged childcare. I wish we had one place for schedule changes. Could we post all updates in the shared calendar for the next month?
写作迁移
写130—150词冲突修复信息，避免人格判断，并提出期限明确的试行方案。
参考文本与自查
When three tasks were reassigned yesterday without an update, I felt confused because I continued working on an item that had moved to another person. I understand that the deadline was tight. I wish we had a clearer way to show urgent changes. Could we mark reassigned tasks in the shared board and send a short message to the previous owner? I suggest trying this for two weeks and reviewing whether duplicate work decreases.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示直接程度、公开纠错和面子需求因个人与团队而异。私下沟通不总是更好，公开透明也不总是更好；应结合影响范围和当事人偏好。
本课毕业任务将六句攻击性冲突语言改写为可讨论版本，再完成一场含拒绝、澄清和折中条件的三分钟修复对话。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Team Decision
团队决策会议
本课真实任务
依据共同标准比较方案、汇总不同观点，并形成包含责任人的决定记录。
- I can compare two options using shared criteria.
- I can summarize agreement, remaining concerns, and assigned actions.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 描述一个最近例子
核对
describe one recent example — Can you describe one recent example? - 而不是使用“总是”
核对
rather than use 'always' — Describe the event rather than judge the person. - 我感到……因为……
核对
I felt... because... — I felt confused because the version changed.
2进入情境
项目组需要在现场工作坊与混合式工作坊之间作决定。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairBoth formats meet the learning goal, but neither is perfect.两种形式都符合学习目标，但都不完美。
OmarThe in-person option offers better practice, while the hybrid option includes remote staff.现场形式提供更好的练习，而混合形式能包括远程员工。
KeikoEither format could work if we send materials early.如果提前发送材料，任一形式都可能可行。
OmarMy concern is that neither the trainer nor the room has been confirmed for the in-person date.我担心现场日期既没确认培训师，也没确认房间。
ChairIt sounds as though inclusion and certainty matter more than ideal practice this month.听起来本月包容性和确定性比理想练习条件更重要。
KeikoThen I support the hybrid option, with a later optional practice session.那我支持混合形式，并在之后增加可选实践场。
ChairAgreed. Keiko will confirm the platform, and Omar will plan the follow-up by Friday.同意。惠子负责确认平台，奥马尔周五前制定后续实践计划。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Both ... but neither...两者都……但都不……Both are affordable, but neither is simple.
while the other...而另一个……One is faster, while the other is safer.
Either format could work任一形式都可能可行Either format could work with support.
neither ... nor...既不……也不……Neither the trainer nor the room is confirmed.
It sounds as though...听起来似乎……It sounds as though timing matters most.
with a later follow-up配合之后的跟进Choose online delivery with a later follow-up.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Both, either, and neither
both 指两者都，either 指两者中的任一，neither 指两者都不；both...and、either...or、neither...nor 连接对等成分。
both A and B; either A or B; neither A nor B
- Both options meet the goal.两个方案都符合目标。
- Either format could work.任一种形式都可能可行。
- Neither the trainer nor the room is confirmed.培训师和房间都未确认。
小心中文直译neither 已含否定，不再说 neither option isn't ready；应说 neither option is ready。
5发音实验：对比重音与会议总结
比较两项时用平行重音；总结决定时减慢速度，重读方案、负责人和期限。
BOTH options meet the GOAL.EITHER could WORK.NEITHER the TRAINer nor the ROOM is confirmed.KEIko will CONFIRM it by FRI-day.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：How the Team Chose
A youth program compared two venues using four agreed criteria: cost, transport, accessibility, and weather risk. Both venues were affordable, but neither was equally strong in every area. The park had better transport, while the community hall had step-free access and no weather risk. Because two participants required step-free access, the team chose the hall. It recorded the reason, assigned one person to confirm equipment, and kept the park as a backup for a future event.
中文意义支持
一个青年项目按四项共同标准比较两个场地：成本、交通、无障碍和天气风险。两个场地都负担得起，但没有一个在所有方面同样强。公园交通更好，而社区礼堂有无台阶通道且没有天气风险。由于两位参与者需要无台阶通道，团队选择礼堂，记录原因，指定一人确认设备，并把公园保留为未来活动的备选。
读听任务
1. Why did the team choose the hall?
Two participants required step-free access.
2. What did it do after deciding?
Recorded the reason and assigned equipment confirmation.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
主持五分钟两案决策：确认标准、邀请意见、总结权衡、达成决定并分配两项行动。
- Both options..., but neither...
- It sounds as though ... matters most.
- We've agreed to...; ... will... by...
参考示范，不要背稿
Both venues are affordable, but neither meets every need. The studio is central, while the hall has better accessibility. It sounds as though access matters most because two participants need step-free entry. We've agreed to book the hall; Mina will confirm equipment by Tuesday, and I will update attendees.
写作迁移
写130—150词会议决定记录，包含标准、主要观点、决定、理由、负责人、期限和备选。
参考文本与自查
Decision: use the hybrid format on 14 May. Both formats meet the learning goal, but neither is ideal. In-person delivery offers stronger practice, while hybrid delivery includes six remote employees and has a confirmed trainer. The team agreed that inclusion and certainty are the priority this month. Keiko will confirm the platform by Wednesday. Omar will design an optional in-person practice session by Friday. If the platform test fails, the backup is a fully online session using the existing system.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示“大家都同意”可能掩盖沉默、权力差异或保留意见。成熟的会议记录应注明仍存担忧，而不是把无异议自动写成热情支持。
本课毕业任务完成 B1 团队会议实战：使用共同标准矩阵做决定，提交会议纪要，并由未参会同伴检验是否能据此执行。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Professional Email
清楚得体的工作邮件
本课真实任务
把一条模糊或过于直接的信息改写为目的明确、行动清楚、语气合适的邮件。
- I can organize a work email around purpose, context, action, and deadline.
- I can make a polite request without hiding what is needed.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 两者都……但都不……
核对
Both ... but neither... — Both are affordable, but neither is simple. - 而另一个……
核对
while the other... — One is faster, while the other is safer. - 任一形式都可能可行
核对
Either format could work — Either format could work with support.
2进入情境
项目协调员请供应商确认修订报价和交付日期。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NoraMy draft says, 'Send the new price today.' It sounds too sharp.我的草稿写“今天把新价格发来”。听起来太生硬。
JinThe request is reasonable, but add context and a clear reason for the deadline.请求合理，但要增加背景和明确的截止理由。
NoraHow about: 'Could you send the revised quote by 3 p.m. today so that we can approve the order?'这样呢：“您能否在今天下午三点前发送修订报价，以便我们批准订单？”
JinGood. Also mention which items changed.很好。还要说明哪些项目变了。
NoraWould you mind checking the delivery charge and the number of chairs as well?您是否也可以核对运费和椅子数量？
JinThat works. Finish by asking them to confirm if the deadline is not possible.可以。最后请他们在无法满足期限时进行确认。
NoraRight. Then the message is polite and still actionable.对。这样信息既礼貌又可执行。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I'm writing to...我写信是为了……I'm writing to confirm the delivery.
the revised quote修订后的报价Please attach the revised quote.
by 3 p.m. today今天下午三点前Could you reply by 3 p.m. today?
so that we can...以便我们能……Send it today so that we can approve it.
Would you mind checking...?您是否可以核对……？Would you mind checking the total?
please let me know if...如果……请告知Please let me know if the deadline is not possible.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Polite request patterns
Could you + 动词原形、Would you mind + verb-ing 都可提出请求；后者结构不同。清楚期限和理由不会自动变得无礼。
Could you + base verb...?; Would you mind + verb-ing...?; I would appreciate it if + past form...
- Could you send the quote today?您能今天发送报价吗？
- Would you mind checking the total?您是否可以核对总额？
- I would appreciate it if you could confirm by Friday.如能在周五前确认，我将十分感谢。
小心中文直译不要说 Would you mind to check；mind 后接 verb-ing。也不要堆叠五层礼貌而隐藏真正请求。
5发音实验：邮件朗读中的信息层级
朗读检查时，主题、动作和期限应自然突出；若一句没有可听出的核心，很可能书面结构也过于拥挤。
I'm writing to CONfirm the DElivery.Could you SEND the quote by THREE?Would you mind CHECKing the TOtal?Please let me KNOW if that isn't POSsible.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：One Email, One Main Action
Subject: Confirmation needed for 18 June delivery. Dear Ms. Ali, Thank you for the updated furniture list. Before we approve the order, could you confirm whether the delivery charge includes assembly? We also need the chair quantity changed from 18 to 20. Please send the revised quote by 3 p.m. on Tuesday so that our finance team can approve it the same day. If this timing is not possible, please suggest the earliest alternative. Kind regards, Nora Singh
中文意义支持
主题：需要确认6月18日交付。阿里女士：感谢您更新家具清单。批准订单前，您能否确认运费是否包含组装？我们还需要把椅子数量从18改为20。请在周二下午三点前发送修订报价，以便财务团队当天批准。如无法满足该时间，请建议最早替代时间。此致，诺拉·辛格。
读听任务
1. What two points need confirmation or change?
Assembly in the charge and the chair quantity.
2. Why is the 3 p.m. deadline given?
So finance can approve the quote the same day.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
口头概述你要发送的邮件：目的、背景、唯一主要行动、期限和无法完成时的备选。
- I'm writing to...
- Could you... by... so that...?
- If that isn't possible, please...
参考示范，不要背稿
I'm writing to confirm the workshop room. Could you tell me by noon tomorrow whether it has step-free access so that we can publish accurate visitor information? If confirmation is not possible, please share the facilities contact.
写作迁移
写130—150词专业邮件，主题行必须包含事项或行动，正文避免无关寒暄。
参考文本与自查
Subject: Approval needed for revised workshop schedule. Dear Dr. Moore, Following yesterday's call, I have moved the equipment session to Friday afternoon and attached the revised schedule. Could you review sections two and three and confirm approval by 11 a.m. tomorrow so that we can notify participants? Would you mind checking whether the trainer needs an additional setup hour as well? If you need more time, please let me know the earliest confirmation date. Kind regards, Lin Yue
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示邮件正式度取决于关系、组织和风险，不是英语国家统一规则。称呼、结尾和回复速度应参考对方来信与组织惯例。
本课毕业任务把三条即时消息分别改写为同事、外部供应商和高级负责人邮件，说明你改变了哪些语气和结构。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Meetings and Processes
会议中的流程说明
本课真实任务
清楚说明工作流程、责任交接和由外部人员完成的服务。
- I can describe a process in the passive voice.
- I can explain that I arrange for another person to perform a service.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我写信是为了……
核对
I'm writing to... — I'm writing to confirm the delivery. - 修订后的报价
核对
the revised quote — Please attach the revised quote. - 今天下午三点前
核对
by 3 p.m. today — Could you reply by 3 p.m. today?
2进入情境
新项目成员询问活动材料从草稿到印刷的完整流程。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
New memberWhat happens after the designer finishes the poster?设计师完成海报后会怎样？
LeadThe draft is checked by the communications team, then it is sent for approval.草稿由传播团队检查，然后送审。
New memberWho handles the final printing?谁负责最终印刷？
LeadWe have the posters printed by a local supplier.我们安排一家本地供应商印刷海报。
New memberDo we check a sample first?我们会先检查样品吗？
LeadYes. Once the sample has been approved, five hundred copies are produced.会。样品批准后会印制五百份。
New memberI'll add each handover and owner to the process map.我会把每次交接和负责人加到流程图。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
is checked by...由……检查The draft is checked by the team.
is sent for approval送去审批The design is sent for approval.
have the posters printed安排他人印刷海报We have the posters printed locally.
check a sample检查样品Always check a sample first.
once ... has been approved一旦……获批Once it has been approved, production begins.
each handover and owner每次交接与负责人Record each handover and owner.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Passive processes and have/get something done
流程被动突出步骤或产物；have/get + 物 + 过去分词表示安排别人完成服务，而非自己亲手做。
subject + be + past participle; have/get + object + past participle
- The draft is checked by the team.草稿由团队检查。
- Five hundred copies are produced.会印制五百份。
- We have the posters printed locally.我们安排本地印刷海报。
- She got the screen repaired.她找人修好了屏幕。
小心中文直译I printed the posters 表示自己印；I had the posters printed 表示安排别人印。二者责任含义不同。
5发音实验：流程路标与词尾清晰度
first、then、once、finally 建立步骤；checked、sent、approved 等过去分词词尾需清楚，避免步骤听混。
FIRST, | the draft is CHECKED.THEN, | it's SENT for approval.We have it PRINTed.ONCE it's approved, | copies are proDUCED.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：From Report to Public Page
First, a draft report is written by the research team. The figures are then checked by a second analyst. Any personal details are removed before the document is sent to the communications team. The team has charts redesigned for a general audience and asks the project lead to approve the final text. Once approval has been recorded, the report is uploaded, tested on mobile devices, and published with a contact address for corrections.
中文意义支持
首先，研究团队撰写报告草稿。随后由第二位分析员核对数字。文件送给传播团队前，会删除所有个人信息。传播团队安排重新设计图表以适合普通受众，并请项目负责人批准最终文本。批准记录完成后，报告会上传、在移动设备上测试，并连同纠错联系地址一起发布。
读听任务
1. What happens before communications receives the report?
Figures are checked and personal details are removed.
2. Why are charts redesigned?
To make them suitable for a general audience.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用一张流程图说明一项真实流程，至少包含四个被动步骤、一名负责人和一项外包服务。
- First, ... is...
- We have/get ... done by...
- Once ... has been..., ... is...
参考示范，不要背稿
First, registrations are checked by the coordinator. We have name badges printed by a local supplier. Once the final list has been approved, dietary requests are sent to the caterer and the welcome email is scheduled.
写作迁移
写130—150词流程说明，必须让陌生同事能看出步骤顺序、交接点和责任人。
参考文本与自查
First, each interview recording is stored in the secure project folder. The file is named and checked by the researcher who conducted the interview. We then have an approved service produce a draft transcript. Personal names are removed, and a second team member compares key quotations with the recording. Once the transcript has been approved, it is added to the analysis folder. Any uncertain words are marked rather than guessed.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示被动语态有时适合突出流程，但也可能隐藏责任。涉及错误、批准或安全时，应明确写出 owner，而不是只说 mistakes were made。
本课毕业任务选择一个团队流程，绘制含步骤、输入、输出、负责人和失败点的流程图，再让未参与者按你的说明复述。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Presenting an Idea
清楚呈现一个想法
本课真实任务
做一次三分钟提案演示，用明确路标引导听众从问题走向建议和下一步。
- I can signpost the structure of a short presentation.
- I can highlight the main message and support it with one example.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 由……检查
核对
is checked by... — The draft is checked by the team. - 送去审批
核对
is sent for approval — The design is sent for approval. - 安排他人印刷海报
核对
have the posters printed — We have the posters printed locally.
2进入情境
团队成员提议建立每周一次的无会议专注时段。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
PresenterToday I'd like to propose a two-hour focus period every Wednesday.今天我想提议每周三设置两小时专注时段。
PresenterI'll begin with the problem, then explain the idea, and finally suggest a trial.我会先说明问题，再解释想法，最后提出试行方案。
ColleagueWhat problem are you trying to solve?你想解决什么问题？
PresenterWhat we're seeing is that short internal meetings are breaking up complex work.我们观察到，短小的内部会议正在切碎复杂工作。
ColleagueWould the focus period stop urgent communication?专注时段会阻止紧急沟通吗？
PresenterNo. The key point is that routine meetings would pause, while urgent channels would remain open.不会。关键是暂停常规会议，紧急渠道仍然开放。
PresenterTo sum up, I recommend a four-week trial followed by a staff survey.总之，我建议试行四周，然后开展员工调查。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I'd like to propose...我想提议……I'd like to propose a short trial.
I'll begin with...我将从……开始I'll begin with the current problem.
What we're seeing is...我们观察到的是……What we're seeing is repeated delay.
The key point is...关键点是……The key point is that access remains open.
To sum up总而言之To sum up, the trial is low risk.
followed by随后是Use a four-week trial followed by a survey.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：What-clauses for focus
What + 从句可以把已知情境打包成句子主语或补语，用来突出真正的问题、需求或发现。
What + subject + verb + is/was + focused information
- What we need is a clear trial.我们需要的是一次明确试行。
- What the data shows is a timing problem.数据表明的是时间安排问题。
- What surprised us was the size of the change.让我们惊讶的是变化幅度。
小心中文直译What we need is 后接名词或结构完整的内容；不要说 What we need it is...，主语不可重复。
5发音实验：演示路标、停顿与焦点
路标语后短暂停顿；每个部分只突出一个核心信息，避免整句全重读。
I'll BEGIN with | the PROBlem.The KEY point is | routine meetings would PAUSE.What we NEED is | a clear TRIAL.To SUM up, | I recommend FOUR weeks.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A One-Minute Proposal Structure
A short proposal still needs a visible path. Begin by naming the problem and who it affects. Next, state one main idea rather than a list of unrelated improvements. Give a brief example or piece of evidence. Then acknowledge the most likely concern and explain how the plan reduces it. Finish with a limited next step, such as a trial, test, or decision date. Listeners should know what you want them to do after the final sentence.
中文意义支持
短提案仍需要清楚路径。先说明问题及受影响对象，然后提出一个主要想法，而非不相关改进清单。给出简短例子或证据，再承认最可能的担忧并解释计划如何降低它。最后提出有限下一步，如试行、测试或决策日期。听完最后一句，听众应知道你希望他们做什么。
读听任务
1. What should follow the main idea?
A brief example or piece of evidence.
2. How should a proposal end?
With a limited next step and clear desired action.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
做三分钟提案：问题、一个核心想法、证据、最大担忧、有限试行和明确请求。
- Today I'd like to propose...
- What we're seeing is...
- To sum up, I recommend... followed by...
参考示范，不要背稿
Today I'd like to propose a weekly two-hour focus period. What we're seeing is that routine meetings divide complex work into short blocks. Urgent channels would remain open. To sum up, I recommend a four-week Wednesday trial followed by a staff survey. Please approve the trial by Friday.
写作迁移
写130—150词演示讲稿，并用斜线标出停顿位置。
参考文本与自查
Today I'd like to propose / a shared twenty-minute project update on Monday mornings. / What we're seeing is / that five teams are requesting the same information separately. / A single update could reduce repeated messages. / The main concern is meeting time, / so each team would have only two minutes and details would remain in the written board. / To sum up, / I recommend a three-week trial / followed by a review of message volume.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示演示风格因组织而异：有些期待先给结论，有些期待先铺背景。无论顺序如何，都应尽早让听众知道目的和所需决定。
本课毕业任务录制三分钟提案和一分钟问答；同伴在不看稿的情况下写出你的问题、建议和下一步，以检验结构是否清楚。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Team Proposal
团队提案
本课真实任务
整合成本、收益、风险和评估指标，完成一份可以批准或拒绝的团队提案。
- I can explain cause, result, and purpose in a formal proposal.
- I can define how a trial will be evaluated.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我想提议……
核对
I'd like to propose... — I'd like to propose a short trial. - 我将从……开始
核对
I'll begin with... — I'll begin with the current problem. - 我们观察到的是……
核对
What we're seeing is... — What we're seeing is repeated delay.
2进入情境
团队向社区中心申请试行工具共享柜，以减少重复购买。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
DirectorWhat problem is the tool cabinet meant to solve?工具共享柜要解决什么问题？
MeiResidents often buy equipment for one small task. As a result, cost and waste increase.居民常为一项小任务购买设备，因此成本和浪费增加。
DirectorHow would the trial work?试行如何运作？
MeiWe propose twenty basic tools so that members can borrow them for forty-eight hours.我们建议提供二十件基础工具，让会员可以借用48小时。
DirectorWhat about loss or unsafe use?丢失或不安全使用怎么办？
MeiDue to those risks, users would complete a short check and sign the return condition.考虑到这些风险，使用者要完成简短检查并签署归还条件。
DirectorSet measurable success criteria, and I can consider a three-month pilot.设定可衡量的成功标准，我就可以考虑三个月试行。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
is meant to solve旨在解决The pilot is meant to solve repeated waste.
As a result因此Costs rose. As a result, the team changed plans.
so that members can...以便会员能……Label tools so that members can find them.
Due to those risks由于这些风险Due to those risks, training is required.
measurable success criteria可衡量的成功标准The proposal needs measurable success criteria.
a three-month pilot三个月试行We recommend a three-month pilot.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Cause, result, and purpose connectors
because/because of/due to 说明原因，therefore/as a result 说明结果，so that 说明目的。正式度和后接结构不同。
because + clause; due to/because of + noun; sentence. Therefore/As a result, sentence; so that + clause
- Waste increases because people buy rarely used tools.因为人们购买很少使用的工具，浪费增加。
- Due to safety risks, users need guidance.由于安全风险，使用者需要指导。
- Tools are labeled so that members can return them correctly.工具带有标签，以便会员正确归还。
小心中文直译due to 后接名词，不直接接完整句子；therefore 连接结果，不能当 because 使用。
5发音实验：正式提案中的因果分块
因果路标后留出边界，让听者区分原因、结果和目的；数字与评估指标要清楚重读。
Due to SAFEty risks, | training is required.As a reSULT, | waste increases.so that MEMbers can BORrowa THREE-month PI-lot
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Pilot Proposal: Shared Tool Cabinet
The center should test a shared cabinet containing twenty basic tools for three months. Residents would register, view a short safety guide, and borrow one item for up to forty-eight hours. The pilot would cost 1,200 yuan, including storage and maintenance. Success would be measured through the number of loans, on-time returns, reported damage, and user feedback. The center should continue only if at least sixty residents participate and ninety percent of items are returned on time.
中文意义支持
中心应试行一个含二十件基础工具的共享柜，为期三个月。居民注册、查看简短安全指南后，可借一件物品，最长48小时。试行成本为1200元，包括储存和维护。成功与否通过借用次数、准时归还、损坏报告和用户反馈来衡量。只有至少60名居民参与且90%的物品准时归还，中心才应继续。
读听任务
1. What does the pilot cost include?
Storage and maintenance.
2. What two thresholds determine continuation?
At least 60 participants and 90% on-time returns.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用两分钟向负责人推介一个低风险试行，说明问题、机制、成本、风险和两个指标。
- The proposal is meant to solve...
- Due to..., we would...
- Success would be measured by...
参考示范，不要背稿
The proposal is meant to reduce food-container waste. We would lend reusable boxes through five cafés. Due to loss risk, each box would have a code and a seven-day return period. Success would be measured by return rate and the number of single-use boxes avoided.
写作迁移
写150词左右正式团队提案，必须给出继续、调整或停止试行的判断标准。
参考文本与自查
We propose a three-month quiet-study booking trial in two community rooms. The current drop-in system often leaves students without space during exam periods. Users would reserve one two-hour block per day so that more people can participate. Due to the risk of unused bookings, reservations would be released after fifteen minutes. Success would be measured by room use, no-show rate, complaints, and a short user survey. Continue if average use exceeds 70 percent and no-shows remain below 15 percent; otherwise adjust the booking limit.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示提案不是愿望清单。明确何时停止自己的方案，是可信度的一部分，也让决策者知道风险是可管理的。
本课毕业任务四人完成一页团队提案并参加批准会；另一组扮演决策者，只能依据文档提出批准、修改或拒绝。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Fact, Opinion, or Claim?
事实、观点还是主张
本课真实任务
判断一句话属于可核实事实、个人观点还是需要证据支持的主张。
- I can distinguish reported facts, opinions, and unsupported claims.
- I can use cautious language when evidence is limited.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 旨在解决
核对
is meant to solve — The pilot is meant to solve repeated waste. - 因此
核对
As a result — Costs rose. As a result, the team changed plans. - 以便会员能……
核对
so that members can... — Label tools so that members can find them.
2进入情境
学生核查一篇声称“站立办公桌让所有人效率翻倍”的帖子。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AriThis post says standing desks double everyone's productivity.这篇帖子说站立办公桌让每个人效率翻倍。
MinaThat's a strong claim. Does it link to a study?这是很强的主张。它有研究链接吗？
AriIt mentions a survey, but only twelve customers answered.它提到一项调查，但只有十二位客户回答。
MinaThen the result may reflect those customers rather than everyone.那结果可能只反映那些客户，而不是所有人。
AriThe company also sells standing desks, which could affect how it presents the findings.这家公司还卖站立办公桌，这可能影响它呈现研究结果的方式。
MinaWe can say some users reported benefits, but we can't conclude that productivity doubles.我们可以说一些使用者报告了好处，但不能得出效率翻倍的结论。
AriI'll label the original sentence as an unsupported general claim.我会把原句标为缺乏支持的泛化主张。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
a strong claim一个强主张That is a strong claim requiring evidence.
link to a study链接到研究Does the article link to a study?
may reflect...可能反映……The result may reflect a small group.
rather than everyone而不是所有人It describes volunteers rather than everyone.
could affect how...可能影响……方式Funding could affect how results are presented.
can't conclude that...不能得出……结论We can't conclude that the method always works.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Hedging with may, might, could, appears, and seems
证据有限时，用 may/might/could、appears to、seems to 控制确定程度。hedging 是准确，不是含糊逃避。
subject + may/might/could + verb; subject + appears/seems + to + verb
- The result may reflect a small sample.结果可能反映的是小样本。
- Funding could affect the report.资金来源可能影响报告。
- The change appears to help some users.这一变化似乎帮助了部分使用者。
小心中文直译有明确证据的基础事实不必每句都加 maybe；谨慎程度应与证据强弱匹配。
5发音实验：确定与谨慎的语调对比
事实用稳定降调；有限证据主张通过 may、appears 等词和较开放语调表示范围有限。
TWELVE customers answered.The result MAY reflect that group.It apPEARS to help SOME users.We CAN'T conclude that it DOUBles.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Read beyond the Headline
A headline announced that listening to music “makes students smarter.” The article described one experiment in which forty volunteers completed a puzzle with and without quiet background music. The music group finished slightly faster, but the study did not measure intelligence, long-term learning, or classroom performance. The result may suggest that a certain type of music helped some people with one task. It does not prove the much broader headline.
中文意义支持
一则标题宣布听音乐“让学生更聪明”。文章描述了一项实验：40名志愿者分别在有无安静背景音乐时完成拼图。音乐组完成得稍快，但研究没有测量智力、长期学习或课堂表现。结果可能表明某类音乐帮助部分人完成某项任务，却不能证明那个更宽泛的标题。
读听任务
1. What did the experiment actually measure?
Puzzle completion with and without background music.
2. Why is the headline too broad?
The study did not measure intelligence or long-term learning.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
分析三句话，分别标注事实、观点或主张，并把过度确定的一句改写为证据相称版本。
- The source reports that...
- This is a claim because...
- A more accurate version would be...
参考示范，不要背稿
The source reports that forty volunteers completed a puzzle. 'Music makes students smarter' is a claim because intelligence was not measured. A more accurate version would be: quiet music may have helped some volunteers complete this puzzle slightly faster.
写作迁移
写130—150词“标题核查”，包含原主张、研究实际内容、缺失信息和谨慎结论。
参考文本与自查
The headline claims that standing meetings make every team twice as productive. The linked survey included twelve customers of the company selling the product. Participants reported shorter meetings, but the article does not define or measure productivity. It also provides no comparison with teams that did not use standing meetings. The survey may suggest that some customers felt meetings became shorter. It cannot support the claim that every team's productivity doubles.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示质疑主张不等于攻击作者。聚焦样本、测量、比较和利益关系，有助于把讨论保持在证据层面。
本课毕业任务选择一条夸张模拟标题，完成“主张—来源—样本—测量—缺失—可支持结论”六格核查卡。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Reporting What People Said
准确报道他人观点
本课真实任务
从采访记录中选取并准确归属观点，区分声称、承认、否认、解释和警告。
- I can choose reporting verbs that match a speaker's communicative action.
- I can report a source without changing its level of certainty.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 一个强主张
核对
a strong claim — That is a strong claim requiring evidence. - 链接到研究
核对
link to a study — Does the article link to a study? - 可能反映……
核对
may reflect... — The result may reflect a small group.
2进入情境
学生记者整理关于夜间公交试行的三段采访。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EditorWhat did the transport manager say about the trial?交通经理对试行说了什么？
ReporterShe confirmed that passenger numbers had increased, but warned that one month was too short for a final judgment.她确认乘客人数增加，但警告说一个月太短，不能作最终判断。
EditorAnd the driver?司机怎么说？
ReporterHe explained that the final route was often delayed by roadworks.他解释最后一段路线常因道路施工延误。
EditorDid the café owner oppose the service?咖啡馆老板反对这项服务吗？
ReporterNo. She denied opposing it. She suggested moving the stop away from her loading entrance.没有。她否认反对，只建议把站点移离她的装卸入口。
EditorGood. Make sure the article reports that distinction.很好。确保文章准确报道这个区别。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
confirmed that...确认……She confirmed that numbers had risen.
warned that...警告说……He warned that the data was limited.
explained that...解释说……She explained that roadworks caused delays.
denied opposing...否认反对……The owner denied opposing the service.
suggested moving...建议移动……She suggested moving the stop.
report that distinction报道那个区别The article must report that distinction.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Reporting verbs and their patterns
不同转述动词反映说话行为，后接结构也不同：confirm/explain/warn + that；deny/suggest + verb-ing；tell/warn + 人 + to。
verb + that-clause; deny/suggest + verb-ing; tell/warn + object + to + verb
- She confirmed that numbers had risen.她确认人数上升。
- The owner denied opposing the trial.店主否认反对试行。
- She suggested moving the stop.她建议移动站点。
- Officials warned drivers to expect delays.官员提醒司机预计会有延误。
小心中文直译suggest 后通常不说 suggest to move；用 suggest moving 或 suggest that we move。
5发音实验：来源归属与动词焦点
报道时清楚重读来源姓名、转述动词和限定词，避免让听者误把记者判断当作受访者原话。
The MANager conFIRMED that...She WARNED that ONE month was short.The owner deNIED opposing it.She sugGESTed MOVing the stop.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Voices on the Night Bus
The transport office confirmed that average evening passenger numbers had risen from 18 to 31 during the pilot. A driver explained that roadworks caused most delays and suggested changing the final section of the route. A café owner denied opposing the night bus. She said she supported later transport but asked the office to move the stop ten meters because buses blocked her loading entrance. Officials warned that the six-week data did not yet show winter demand.
中文意义支持
交通部门确认，试行期间晚间平均乘客数从18人上升至31人。一位司机解释，道路施工造成大多数延误，并建议改变最后一段路线。一位咖啡馆老板否认反对夜班公交。她说支持延长交通服务，但要求把站点移动十米，因为公交阻挡其装卸入口。官员警告说，六周数据尚不能反映冬季需求。
读听任务
1. What change did the office confirm?
Average passengers rose from 18 to 31.
2. Why did the café owner want the stop moved?
Buses blocked her loading entrance.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
根据三张采访卡做90秒口头报道，每条观点必须有明确来源和匹配的转述动词。
- ... confirmed that...
- ... explained that... and suggested...
- ... denied..., but warned/asked...
参考示范，不要背稿
The coordinator confirmed that attendance had risen. Two volunteers explained that evening transport remained difficult and suggested ending earlier. The venue manager denied that the building was unsafe but warned visitors to use the temporary entrance.
写作迁移
写140—160词多方采访摘要，不得把建议写成事实，也不得丢失限定条件。
参考文本与自查
The transport office confirmed that evening use increased during the six-week pilot, but warned that the data did not cover winter. A driver explained that most delays occurred near roadworks and suggested changing the route's final section. The café owner denied opposing the service. She supported later transport but asked for the stop to be moved because buses blocked deliveries. These views suggest that the service has support, while route reliability and stop location still require adjustment.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示转述动词带立场：claimed 有时暗示记者尚未接受其真实性，admitted 暗示信息不利。选择动词前先确认自己是否有证据承担这种暗示。
本课毕业任务听取三段同伴立场陈述，先做逐项笔记，再写新闻式摘要；原发言者核对自己的确定程度是否被保留。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Summarizing a Source
概括一个来源
本课真实任务
把一篇信息密集的短文压缩为保留目的、方法、结果和限制的准确摘要。
- I can identify the essential parts of an informational source.
- I can paraphrase without copying the source sentence by sentence.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 确认……
核对
confirmed that... — She confirmed that numbers had risen. - 警告说……
核对
warned that... — He warned that the data was limited. - 解释说……
核对
explained that... — She explained that roadworks caused delays.
2进入情境
两名学生为社区简报概括一项关于街道树荫的调查。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LinaMy summary is almost as long as the original report.我的摘要几乎和原报告一样长。
MarcusStart with the research question. What was the study trying to find out?先从研究问题开始。这项研究想找出什么？
LinaIt examined whether shaded bus stops affected summer passenger use.它研究有遮荫的公交站是否影响夏季乘客使用。
MarcusGood. Which result is essential?很好。哪个结果最关键？
LinaStops with shade had more waiting passengers at midday, but only twelve stops were studied.有遮荫的站点中午等车人数更多，但只研究了12个站点。
MarcusThen include both the finding and that limitation. Leave out the list of every street.那就同时写结果和限制。删掉每条街的清单。
LinaRight. I'll paraphrase the pattern instead of copying individual figures.好。我会改述总体规律，不逐个抄数字。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
the research question研究问题Begin with the research question.
was trying to find out试图找出The survey was trying to find out why use fell.
the essential result关键结果Include the essential result.
a key limitation一个关键限制The small sample is a key limitation.
leave out省略Leave out repeated background details.
paraphrase the pattern改述总体规律Paraphrase the pattern in your own words.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Cohesive reference with this, these, it, and they
摘要中代词和指示词可避免重复，但必须有清楚指代对象。this 可指前面整件事，this result/these findings 更明确。
clear noun + sentence; This/These + summary noun + verb
- Shaded stops had more users. This result was strongest at midday.有遮荫站点使用者更多。这一结果在中午最明显。
- Researchers studied twelve stops. They recorded use for four weeks.研究人员考察12个站点。他们记录了四周使用情况。
- The sample was small, and this limits the conclusion.样本很小，这限制了结论。
小心中文直译一段中有多个可能对象时，只写 this/it 会模糊；应写 this result、this method 或 the report。
5发音实验：摘要口述中的信息压缩
用目的、结果、限制三个意群；删除不承载信息的重复停顿词，重读研究对象、变化和限制。
The study EXAMined | shaded BUS stops.The MAIN result was | higher MIDday use.HOWever, | only TWELVE stops were studied.This LIMits | the conclusion.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Shade and Summer Bus Use
Researchers observed twelve bus stops during four hot weeks. Six stops had trees or roofs that shaded most of the waiting area; six had little shade. At midday, the shaded stops had an average of 38 percent more waiting passengers. The difference was smaller in the morning. The study suggests that shade may support summer bus use, but it cannot prove that shade caused the difference because the stops also varied in route frequency and nearby shops.
中文意义支持
研究人员在炎热的四周里观察了12个公交站。六个站点有树木或顶棚遮住大部分等候区，六个几乎没有遮荫。中午，有遮荫站点平均多出38%的等候乘客，早晨差异较小。研究表明遮荫可能支持夏季公交使用，但不能证明遮荫造成差异，因为站点在线路班次和附近商店方面也不同。
读听任务
1. What was the main midday finding?
Shaded stops had 38 percent more waiting passengers on average.
2. Why can the study not prove cause?
The stops differed in route frequency and nearby shops too.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用60秒概括给定来源，只讲目的、方法、关键结果和一个限制。
- The source examines whether...
- It found that...
- However, this conclusion is limited because...
参考示范，不要背稿
The source examines whether shade is linked to summer bus use. Researchers observed twelve stops for four hot weeks. They found that shaded stops had more midday passengers. However, this conclusion is limited because the stops also differed in service frequency and nearby facilities.
写作迁移
把阅读压缩为70—90词摘要，不复制连续六个以上原文单词。
参考文本与自查
A four-week observation compared six shaded and six unshaded bus stops in hot weather. Midday passenger numbers were 38 percent higher on average at shaded locations, while morning differences were smaller. The pattern suggests that shelter may encourage summer public-transport use. However, the study involved only twelve stops, and differences in bus frequency and surrounding businesses mean it cannot establish that shade alone caused the higher use.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示摘要不是删词游戏，也不是发表个人意见。忠实保留来源的确定程度和限制，比让结论听起来更精彩重要。
本课毕业任务对同一来源分别写30词、60词和90词摘要，标出每个版本保留与删除的内容依据。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Five-Minute News Brief
五分钟新闻简报
本课真实任务
整合公告、数据和采访，做一段来源清楚、事实与反应分开的新闻简报。
- I can structure a short news brief around verified information.
- I can introduce and refer back to people and events clearly.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 研究问题
核对
the research question — Begin with the research question. - 试图找出
核对
was trying to find out — The survey was trying to find out why use fell. - 关键结果
核对
the essential result — Include the essential result.
2进入情境
社区广播组准备报道一座新步行桥试开放的首日情况。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EditorWhat is our confirmed lead?我们已确认的导语是什么？
ReporterA new pedestrian bridge opened for a six-week trial this morning.一座新步行桥今早开始六周试开放。
EditorDo we know how many people used it?我们知道有多少人使用吗？
ReporterThe council counted 640 crossings by four o'clock. The figure is official, but it covers only part of the day.委员会统计到四点有640次通行。数字是官方的，但只覆盖部分时段。
EditorWhat did users say?使用者怎么说？
ReporterOne cyclist praised the safer route, while a shop owner asked for clearer delivery signs.一位骑行者称赞路线更安全，一位店主要求更清楚的送货标志。
EditorGood. Attribute both reactions and end with what happens next.很好。说明两种反应的来源，并以接下来会发生什么结尾。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
the confirmed lead已确认的导语Begin with the confirmed lead.
opened for a trial开始试行The bridge opened for a six-week trial.
the council counted...委员会统计……The council counted 640 crossings.
covers only part of...只覆盖……的一部分The figure covers only part of the day.
praised..., while...称赞……，而……One user praised access, while another raised concerns.
what happens next接下来发生什么End with what happens next.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Articles for first and later reference
首次提到可数单数对象常用 a/an；再次提到该特定对象用 the。独一机构是否用 the 取决于名称和语境。
a/an + new singular countable noun; the + identified or previously mentioned noun
- A new bridge opened today. The bridge connects two parks.一座新桥今天开放。这座桥连接两个公园。
- A cyclist praised the route. The cyclist uses it daily.一位骑行者称赞该路线。这位骑行者每天使用它。
- The council published the official count.委员会发布了官方统计。
小心中文直译不要每次都重复 a bridge，否则听起来像不断出现新桥；再次指同一对象用 the bridge。
5发音实验：新闻导语、来源和数字的清晰度
导语首句稳定；数字前后略停顿，来源与数据同等清楚，防止听者把采访意见当成官方结论。
A NEW bridge OPENED today.The COUNcil counted | SIX hundred and FORty crossings.ONE cyclist PRAISED it.The TRIAL ends | on AUgust FIFTH.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Bridge Trial Begins
A pedestrian and cycling bridge opened between East Park and the market district on Monday. The council recorded 640 crossings by 4 p.m., although the count did not include the evening rush. A cycling-group representative said the bridge removed a dangerous road crossing. Two nearby businesses welcomed more foot traffic but requested clearer signs for delivery vehicles. The six-week trial will be reviewed using daily counts, safety reports, travel times, and feedback from residents and businesses.
中文意义支持
周一，一座连接东公园与市场区的步行和自行车桥开放。委员会在下午四点前记录了640次通行，但统计不含晚高峰。一位骑行组织代表说，这座桥消除了一个危险的道路交叉口。附近两家商户欢迎更多人流，但要求为送货车辆设置更清楚标志。六周试行将依据每日通行量、安全报告、旅行时间以及居民和商户反馈进行评估。
读听任务
1. What period did the count not include?
The evening rush.
2. What evidence will be used in the review?
Counts, safety reports, travel times, and feedback.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
做3—5分钟新闻简报：导语、三条已核实事实、两方反应、限制和下一步。
- A ... opened/was announced...
- According to..., ...
- ... said..., while...; the next review will...
参考示范，不要背稿
A pedestrian bridge opened for a six-week trial on Monday. According to the council, 640 crossings were recorded by 4 p.m., although evening use was not counted. A cycling representative praised the safer route, while businesses requested delivery signs. The council will review counts, safety reports, travel times, and feedback.
写作迁移
写150—170词新闻稿，所有数字和观点都要有来源或范围限定。
参考文本与自查
A six-week bridge trial began between East Park and the market district on Monday. The council reported 640 pedestrian and cycling crossings by 4 p.m.; the figure does not include the evening rush. A local cycling representative said the route removed a dangerous road crossing. Two nearby businesses welcomed additional foot traffic but asked for clearer delivery signs. No serious safety incident had been reported by the end of the afternoon. The council will publish weekly counts and review safety reports, travel times, and feedback before deciding whether the arrangement should continue.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示新闻写作惯例和媒体制度各地不同，但来源归属、数字范围和事实／意见区分是普遍重要的可信度原则。
本课毕业任务根据一份公告、一张数据表和两段采访制作五分钟社区新闻；同伴逐句标记事实、来源、反应和未证实内容。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Cities and Environment
城市与环境证据
本课真实任务
根据观察证据推断城市环境问题的可能原因，并区分确定、可能和不可能。
- I can make deductions with must, might, and can't.
- I can connect environmental observations with cautious explanations.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 已确认的导语
核对
the confirmed lead — Begin with the confirmed lead. - 开始试行
核对
opened for a trial — The bridge opened for a six-week trial. - 委员会统计……
核对
the council counted... — The council counted 640 crossings.
2进入情境
居民小组分析为什么一个新回收点使用率远低于预期。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
RaviThe bins are almost empty every morning. People can't be using them much.这些箱子每天早上几乎都是空的。人们不可能经常使用。
ElenaThe location might be difficult to see from the main path.这个位置可能从主路上很难看到。
RaviThat must be part of the problem; three signs point in the opposite direction.那一定是部分原因；有三个标志指向相反方向。
ElenaBut visibility may not be the only cause. The labels might also be unclear.不过可见度可能不是唯一原因。标签也可能不清楚。
RaviWe can't conclude that people dislike recycling without asking them.没有询问，我们不能断定人们不喜欢回收。
ElenaLet's observe the route, correct the signs, and run a short user survey.我们观察路线、纠正标志，并做一项简短用户调查吧。
RaviThen we can compare evidence before and after the change.这样我们就能比较改变前后的证据。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
can't be using...不可能正在使用……People can't be using this entrance much.
might be difficult to see可能很难看到The sign might be difficult to see.
must be part of the problem一定是问题的一部分Confusing arrows must be part of the problem.
may not be the only cause可能不是唯一原因Price may not be the only cause.
can't conclude that...不能断定……We can't conclude that demand is low.
compare evidence before and after比较前后证据Compare evidence before and after the change.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Modals of deduction
must 表示基于证据的强推断，might/may/could 表示可能，can't 表示按证据不可能。这里的 must 不是义务。
subject + must/might/may/could/can't + base verb / be + verb-ing
- The signs must be confusing.这些标志一定令人困惑。
- The location might be hard to see.这个位置可能很难看到。
- People can't be using the bins often.人们不可能经常使用这些箱子。
小心中文直译must 表强推断仍不是百分之百事实。写报告时应同时指出推断所依据的观察。
5发音实验：推断强度的焦点
重读 must/can't 会增强确定程度；might/may 较轻表示开放可能。声音强度应与证据强度一致。
The signs MUST be confusing.The location MIGHT be hidden.That CAN'T be the only cause.It MAY improve after the change.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Why Is the Square So Hot?
Temperature sensors showed that Central Square was six degrees hotter than a nearby park on sunny afternoons. The square has dark paving, little shade, and several walls that block wind. These features must contribute to the heat, but the sensors cannot show the size of each effect. Traffic might add some heat during rush hour. Researchers will place additional sensors under temporary shade and near the road to compare conditions before recommending permanent changes.
中文意义支持
温度传感器显示，晴天下午中央广场比附近公园高6度。广场有深色路面、遮荫很少，还有数面墙挡风。这些特征一定会加剧炎热，但传感器无法显示每项影响的大小。高峰时交通也可能增加部分热量。研究人员将在临时遮荫下和道路附近放置额外传感器，比较条件后再建议永久改变。
读听任务
1. Which features likely contribute to heat?
Dark paving, little shade, and walls blocking wind.
2. Why will researchers add sensors?
To compare effects before recommending changes.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
根据一张城市观察卡提出一个强推断、两个可能解释和一个尚不能得出的结论。
- ... must be contributing because...
- ... might also...
- We can't conclude that... until...
参考示范，不要背稿
Poor signs must be contributing because three arrows point away from the site. The labels might also be too technical, and the entrance may be hidden at night. We can't conclude that residents reject recycling until we observe users and ask them.
写作迁移
写140—160词环境问题初步分析，包含观察、推断、替代解释和下一步证据。
参考文本与自查
The garden's water use has doubled, although the number of plants has barely changed. A leaking pipe must be one possible contributor because wet ground appears beside the storage wall even on dry days. Hotter weather might also have increased watering, and a broken timer could be running at night. We cannot conclude that volunteers are using water carelessly without records. The team should inspect the pipe, check the timer log, and compare daily use before and after repairs.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示环境议题容易引发道德归责。先分析基础设施、信息、激励和可及性，再讨论个人行为，通常能产生更有效方案。
本课毕业任务完成一次“城市侦探”任务：从照片或现场记录五项观察，建立三种解释，并设计能区分解释的小测试。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Comparing Cultures Carefully
谨慎比较文化
本课真实任务
比较不同群体中的沟通习惯，同时避免把有限经历说成所有人的固定特征。
- I can qualify a generalization with accurate quantity language.
- I can describe a cultural pattern while acknowledging variation and context.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 不可能正在使用……
核对
can't be using... — People can't be using this entrance much. - 可能很难看到
核对
might be difficult to see — The sign might be difficult to see. - 一定是问题的一部分
核对
must be part of the problem — Confusing arrows must be part of the problem.
2进入情境
跨国团队讨论为什么一些成员在会议中很少立即反对负责人。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
JonPeople from that office never disagree in meetings.那个办公室的人开会从不反对。
YukiI'm not sure 'never' is fair. Several colleagues prefer to raise concerns after the meeting.我觉得“从不”不公平。几位同事更喜欢会后提出担忧。
JonSo most people there avoid direct disagreement?所以那里大多数人避免直接反对？
YukiWe don't have enough evidence to say most. In the two meetings I attended, some people used questions instead of direct objections.我们没有足够证据说“大多数”。在我参加的两次会议中，有些人用提问代替直接反对。
JonThat could be a team habit rather than a national one.那可能是团队习惯，而不是国家特征。
YukiExactly. Role, seniority, language confidence, and meeting design can all affect behavior.没错。角色、资历、语言信心和会议设计都可能影响行为。
JonI'll describe the context and avoid turning two meetings into a cultural rule.我会描述语境，不把两次会议变成文化规则。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I'm not sure ... is fair我不确定……是否公平I'm not sure 'always' is fair.
several colleagues几位同事Several colleagues preferred written feedback.
not enough evidence to say most没有足够证据说大多数We don't have enough evidence to say most.
in the two meetings I attended在我参加的两次会议中In the two meetings I attended, some people waited.
rather than a national one而不是国家层面的It may be a company habit rather than a national one.
can all affect behavior都可能影响行为Role and confidence can both affect behavior.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Quantifiers for responsible generalization
all/none 是绝对范围；most/many/some/several/few 表示不同数量。选择必须与样本相称，并用 in this group/context 限定范围。
all/most/many/some/several/few + plural noun; none of/most of/some of + determiner + noun
- Several colleagues preferred written feedback.几位同事更喜欢书面反馈。
- Some of the participants asked questions later.部分参与者后来提问。
- We cannot say that most teams behave this way.我们不能说大多数团队都这样。
小心中文直译两三个例子不能自动支持 most，更不能支持 all。few 表示“几乎没有”，a few 表示“有几个”。
5发音实验：限定词与范围重音
重读 some、in these meetings、may 等边界词，让听者听出你没有把观察扩大到所有人。
SOME people preferred questions.In THESE two meetings...It MAY be a TEAM habit.We can't say that MOST people do this.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Silence Does Not Have One Meaning
In one project, a manager interpreted silence as agreement. Later interviews showed several different reasons. Some employees agreed but needed time to think. A few disagreed and preferred to write privately. Others had not understood the technical question well enough to respond. Two remote members had tried to speak, but audio delay caused them to stop. The team replaced “Any objections?” with a silent note period, a speaking round, and a written channel. More concerns then became visible.
中文意义支持
在一个项目中，经理把沉默理解为同意。后续访谈显示有多种原因。一些员工同意但需要思考时间；几个人不同意，更愿意私下写下来；另一些人没有充分理解技术问题，无法回应。两位远程成员曾试图发言，但音频延迟使他们停下。团队把“有人反对吗？”改为静默记录、轮流发言和书面渠道，更多担忧因此显现。
读听任务
1. What different reasons for silence were found?
Agreement with thinking time, private disagreement, lack of understanding, and audio delay.
2. How did the team change meetings?
It added note time, a speaking round, and a written channel.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
修正三条绝对文化陈述，加入样本、语境、数量和替代解释。
- In the situations I've observed...
- Some/several..., but others...
- This may reflect... rather than...
参考示范，不要背稿
In the two project meetings I observed, several members waited until the end to disagree, but others asked questions immediately. This may reflect seniority and meeting design rather than nationality alone. We would need broader evidence before describing it as a general pattern.
写作迁移
写140—160词跨文化比较，至少加入三种个体或情境因素，并避免 all/never 式结论。
参考文本与自查
In my previous team, several people gave critical feedback privately after meetings, while some international colleagues spoke more directly during discussion. It would be inaccurate to explain this only by nationality. Seniority, language confidence, topic sensitivity, and the manager's response to disagreement all influenced timing. The team improved participation by sharing questions early and offering both spoken and written channels. This example suggests that communication patterns emerge from culture, personality, role, and meeting design together.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示文化是影响行为的因素之一，不是预测个人的程序。比较时保持好奇，优先询问当事人偏好，并允许观察被新证据修正。
本课毕业任务建立一份“绝对陈述修复器”：把十句刻板概括改成带范围、证据和替代解释的可讨论观察。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Moving Somewhere New
适应一个新地方
本课真实任务
讨论搬迁后的现实适应过程，区分熟悉状态、适应过程和过去习惯。
- I can describe becoming familiar with a new routine.
- I can ask for practical local knowledge and explain an adjustment challenge.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我不确定……是否公平
核对
I'm not sure ... is fair — I'm not sure 'always' is fair. - 几位同事
核对
several colleagues — Several colleagues preferred written feedback. - 没有足够证据说大多数
核对
not enough evidence to say most — We don't have enough evidence to say most.
2进入情境
阿米娜搬到新城市两个月后与同事讨论交通、社交和生活节奏。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ColleagueAre you getting used to the early office hours?你正逐渐适应办公室的早上班时间吗？
AminaSlowly. I wasn't used to commuting before seven, but the quieter train helps.慢慢来。我以前不习惯七点前通勤，但更安静的火车有帮助。
ColleagueWhat has been hardest so far?目前最难的是什么？
AminaUnderstanding which local services require appointments. I used to walk in and wait in my old town.弄清哪些本地服务需要预约。我在原来的镇上过去都是直接去等。
ColleagueThe city website lists most booking rules, although some pages are outdated.市政府网站列出大多数预约规则，不过有些页面过时了。
AminaI'm getting better at checking by phone before I travel.我越来越习惯出发前打电话确认。
ColleagueThat local habit will save you a lot of unnecessary journeys.这个本地习惯会帮你省掉很多没必要的路程。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
get used to逐渐习惯I'm getting used to the schedule.
be used to已经习惯She's used to working early.
wasn't used to过去不习惯I wasn't used to the noise.
used to walk in过去常直接前往I used to walk in without booking.
hardest so far目前最难What has been hardest so far?
check by phone电话确认Check by phone before traveling.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Be/get used to versus used to
be used to + 名词/verb-ing 表示已习惯；get used to 表示逐渐适应；used to + 动词原形表示过去习惯但现在不同。
be/get used to + noun/verb-ing; used to + base verb
- I'm used to taking the early train.我已习惯坐早班火车。
- I'm getting used to the new system.我正逐渐适应新系统。
- I used to walk in without an appointment.我过去常不预约直接去。
小心中文直译to 在 be/get used to 中是介词，后接 working；在 used to 表过去习惯时后接 work。
5发音实验：三种 used to 的清晰对比
通过句子结构和焦点区分：USED to WORK（过去习惯）、used to WORKing（已习惯）、GETting used to（适应中）。
I USED to drive.I'm USED to driving.I'm GETting used to the route.I WASn't used to early starts.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The First Ninety Days
When Diego moved for work, he expected housing to be the main challenge. Instead, small routines required the most energy: registering for services, learning waste-collection days, and understanding when shops closed. He joined a local walking group, where members answered practical questions that websites did not. After three months, he was used to most daily systems, but he still checked unfamiliar information. He learned that asking a specific question produced better help than saying, “I don't understand this city.”
中文意义支持
迭戈因工作搬家时，原以为住房是主要挑战。结果最耗精力的是小日常：登记服务、了解垃圾收集日期和商店关门时间。他加入本地步行小组，成员回答了网站没有解答的实际问题。三个月后，他已习惯大部分日常系统，但遇到陌生信息仍会核实。他发现，提出具体问题比说“我不懂这座城市”更容易得到帮助。
读听任务
1. What unexpectedly required the most energy?
Small daily routines and local systems.
2. What kind of question produced better help?
A specific question.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
说明一个新环境中的已适应事项、仍在适应事项、过去不同习惯和一个具体求助问题。
- I'm already used to...
- I'm still getting used to...
- I used to..., so could you tell me...?
参考示范，不要背稿
I'm already used to taking the metro, but I'm still getting used to booking public services online. I used to visit the office without an appointment, so could you tell me which services require advance booking and where the current list is published?
写作迁移
写140—160词给新搬来同事的实用欢迎信息，包含可靠来源、一个提醒和不确定信息的核实方式。
参考文本与自查
Welcome to the neighborhood. You may need time to get used to the early closing hours of some public offices. Most services require an online appointment, although the current rules can change. Check the official city page and call before a long journey. Waste is collected on Tuesday morning, so residents usually put containers outside on Monday evening. I used to find the ticket system confusing, but the transport app now shows transfer rules clearly. Message me if you need the correct local-service number.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示适应不是单向“融入正确文化”。新来者与本地人都可调整沟通方式；官方信息、本地经验和个人偏好应相互核对。
本课毕业任务制作一份新来者七日行动指南，并与同伴模拟三个求助场景：官方服务、邻里习惯和社交加入。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
B1 Community Mobility Capstone
B1 社区出行毕业项目
本课真实任务
分析一个真实感社区出行问题，复盘过去选择，提出可测试方案并完成问答协商。
- I can integrate narrative, evidence, viewpoints, and recommendations in an extended task.
- I can reflect on a past decision and explain how a different choice might have changed the result.
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 逐渐习惯
核对
get used to — I'm getting used to the schedule. - 已经习惯
核对
be used to — She's used to working early. - 过去不习惯
核对
wasn't used to — I wasn't used to the noise.
2进入情境
市民小组复盘一项失败的周末接驳车试行，并设计第二版。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairThe shuttle carried only nine passengers per day. Why did the trial fail?接驳车每天只有九名乘客。试行为何失败？
LenaThe survey suggests that many residents never saw the timetable.调查表明许多居民从未见过时刻表。
HassanIf we had published the route earlier, more people might have planned to use it.如果我们更早发布路线，可能会有更多人计划使用。
LenaTiming was another issue. The last bus left before evening workers finished.时间也是问题。末班车在晚班员工下班前就开走了。
ChairWhat should a second trial change?第二次试行应改变什么？
HassanWe should co-design the timetable with workers, publish it four weeks early, and track why people do or don't ride.我们应与员工共同设计时刻表，提前四周发布，并追踪人们乘坐或不乘坐的原因。
ChairGood. Give us success criteria and a backup before we approve it.很好。批准前请给出成功标准和备选方案。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
the trial failed because...试行失败是因为……The trial failed because information arrived late.
If we had..., ... might have...如果当时……，可能就会……If we had asked earlier, more people might have joined.
another issue was...另一个问题是……Another issue was the final bus time.
co-design with...与……共同设计Co-design the timetable with workers.
track why people do or don't...追踪人们为何做或不做……Track why people do or don't participate.
success criteria and a backup成功标准和备选方案The proposal needs success criteria and a backup.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：Third conditional for past alternatives
第三条件句讨论与已发生过去不同的假设结果，用 if + had + 过去分词，结果用 would/could/might have + 过去分词。
If + subject + had + past participle, subject + would/could/might have + past participle
- If we had published earlier, more people might have joined.如果我们更早发布，可能会有更多人参加。
- If the last bus had left later, workers could have used it.如果末班车更晚，员工本可以乘坐。
- We would have learned more if we had asked non-users.如果我们询问未使用者，本会了解更多。
小心中文直译不要用第三条件句制造事后责备。它适合分析系统选择，并应接上未来可执行改变。
5发音实验：复盘中的缩略与非归责语调
had/would have 常缩略，但关键过去行动和结果要清楚；语调聚焦系统选择，不把 if you had... 变成攻击。
If we'd pubLISHED earlier...more people might have JOINED.Workers could have USED it.NEXT time, | we'll TEST the schedule.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Why the First Shuttle Trial Taught So Little
A four-week shuttle trial averaged nine passengers a day, below its target of thirty. The route was announced only three days before launch, and the last service left at 5:10 p.m., twenty minutes before many local shifts ended. Organizers counted riders but did not ask non-users why they stayed away. If the team had tested the timetable with workers, it might have identified both problems. A second trial should publish information earlier and collect evidence from users and non-users.
中文意义支持
一项四周接驳车试行平均每天九名乘客，低于30人的目标。路线在启动前三天才公布，末班车下午5点10分开出，比许多本地班次结束早20分钟。组织者统计了乘客，却没有询问未使用者为何不乘坐。如果团队曾与员工测试时刻表，可能会发现这两个问题。第二次试行应更早发布信息，并同时收集使用者和未使用者证据。
读听任务
1. Which two design problems reduced possible use?
Late publicity and a last bus before many shifts ended.
2. What evidence was missing?
Reasons from people who did not use the shuttle.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成6—8分钟 B1 毕业提案：问题背景、首轮证据、两项反事实复盘、三项改进、指标、风险与现场问答。
- The evidence shows that...
- If the team had..., it might have...
- For the second trial, we recommend...; success will mean...
参考示范，不要背稿
The evidence shows that the route was announced late and ended before many shifts finished. If the team had tested the timetable with workers, it might have identified both barriers. For a second trial, we recommend co-designing times, publishing four weeks early, and surveying users and non-users. Success will mean at least twenty-five daily riders and 70 percent awareness among surveyed workers.
写作迁移
写180—220词 B1 毕业方案，包含来源、限制、利益相关者、过去复盘、未来试行和停止或调整标准。
参考文本与自查
The first shuttle trial averaged nine daily passengers against a target of thirty. The timetable was published only three days before launch, and the final bus left before many evening shifts ended. Organizers counted riders but did not ask non-users about barriers, so low use cannot be interpreted as low demand alone. If the route had been shared earlier, more residents might have planned around it. If workers had tested the schedule, the team could have changed the final departure. We recommend a second six-week trial co-designed with workers and nearby businesses. Publish the timetable four weeks early through employers, stops, and local groups. Collect daily counts plus short surveys from riders and non-riders. Continue if average use reaches twenty-five per day and awareness exceeds 70 percent. Adjust or stop if these thresholds remain unmet after week four. A smaller on-demand service should remain the backup.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示高质量复盘把“失败”当作信息，同时追问试验设计是否足以得出结论。承认设计缺陷不是丢面子，而是保护下一次决策。
本课毕业任务B1 总测：提交书面方案、数据附页、6—8分钟无稿演示和3分钟问答；按任务、证据、语言、流利度、互动和可理解度评分。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Softening a Message
让表达坚定但不生硬
本课真实任务
把一条过于直接的工作消息改写成既明确又维护合作关系的反馈。
- 我能用缓和语表达不同意见和具体请求。
- 我能在保持目标清晰的同时给对方解释空间。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 试行失败是因为……
核对
the trial failed because... — The trial failed because information arrived late. - 如果当时……，可能就会……
核对
If we had..., ... might have... — If we had asked earlier, more people might have joined. - 另一个问题是……
核对
another issue was... — Another issue was the final bus time.
2进入情境
Jules 需要请同事 Priya 修改报告，但他的第一版消息听起来像命令。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
JulesPriya, I found the second section difficult to follow.Priya，我觉得第二部分有些难理解。
PriyaThanks for telling me. Was the argument unclear, or was it the chart?谢谢你告诉我。是论点不清楚，还是图表有问题？
JulesI may have missed something, but the chart seems to lack a source.可能是我漏看了，不过图表似乎没有标来源。
PriyaYou're right. The source disappeared when I converted the file.你说得对。转换文件时来源消失了。
JulesWould you mind restoring it and adding one example by tomorrow?你介意在明天前恢复来源并补一个例子吗？
PriyaNot at all. That should make the section much clearer.当然不介意。这样这一部分会清楚很多。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I may have missed something, but ...可能是我漏看了，不过……I may have missed something, but the total seems incorrect.
It seems as though ...看起来似乎……It seems as though one source is missing.
Would you mind ...?你介意……吗？Would you mind checking the final paragraph?
It might be worth ...也许值得……It might be worth adding an example.
I'm not entirely convinced that ...我不完全确信……I'm not entirely convinced that this solves the problem.
Perhaps we could ...也许我们可以……Perhaps we could test both versions.
From my perspective ...从我的角度看……From my perspective, the deadline is still realistic.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：用情态词和程度副词缓和立场
may、might、could、seem 和 not entirely 等表达能降低断言强度，但具体问题和所需行动仍应说清楚。
主语 + may/might/could + 动词；It seems + that/as though 从句；not entirely + 形容词
- We might need another day.我们可能还需要一天。
- It seems that the source is missing.来源似乎缺失了。
- I'm not entirely satisfied with the conclusion.我对结论并不完全满意。
小心中文直译缓和不等于含糊。只说 Maybe it's not ideal 不说明问题和行动，会让对方无法处理。
5发音实验：礼貌请求中的核心重音
把重音放在真正需要对方完成的动作上，句末保持开放而不过度上扬。
Would you mind CHECKING the source?Perhaps we could TEST both versions.I found the second section difficult to FOLLOW.It might be worth adding an EXAMPLE.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Clear Does Not Have to Mean Harsh
Jules first writes, “Your section is confusing. Rewrite it today.” The facts behind his concern are valid, but the wording may damage trust. He revises the message: “I may have missed something, but I found the second section difficult to follow. Would you mind adding one example before tomorrow afternoon?” The new version names the problem, leaves room for another explanation, and makes a specific request. Priya explains that a chart disappeared when the file was converted. She restores it and adds an example. Softening the message does not weaken the goal; it makes cooperation easier.
中文意义支持
Jules 最初写道：“你的部分很混乱。今天重写。”他的担忧有事实依据，但措辞可能损害信任。他修改为：“可能是我漏看了，不过我觉得第二部分较难理解。你介意在明天下午前补一个例子吗？”新版本指出问题，给另一种解释留出空间，并提出具体请求。Priya 解释图表在文件转换时消失了。她恢复图表并补上例子。缓和措辞没有削弱目标，反而让合作更容易。
读听任务
1. What three things does the revised message do well?
It identifies the problem, allows another explanation, and makes a specific request.
2. Why was Priya's section difficult to follow?
A chart had disappeared during file conversion.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
把三个直接命令改成委婉但明确的口头反馈。
- I may have missed something, but [problem].
- It might be worth [action].
- Would you mind [action] by [time]?
参考示范，不要背稿
I may have missed something, but the chart seems to lack a source. It might be worth adding one example. Would you mind updating both by tomorrow?
写作迁移
写一封100至130词反馈邮件，包含肯定、问题、解释空间和具体请求。
参考文本与自查
Thanks for sending the draft. The overall structure is strong. I may have missed something, but the second chart seems to lack a source, and the conclusion is difficult to connect to the data. It might be worth adding one example after the chart. Would you mind updating those points by tomorrow afternoon? Please let me know if the source is already included elsewhere.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示直接程度会因团队、语言和权力关系而异。不要把委婉理解为不诚实；好的缓和表达仍会说明事实、影响和请求。
本课毕业任务收集五句常见直接消息，各写一个过度含糊版和一个清晰缓和版，再说明哪版最可执行。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Interrupting and Clarifying
礼貌插话与澄清
本课真实任务
在多人线上讨论中礼貌插话、核对理解，并修复一个可能影响期限的误会。
- 我能在不抢夺话语权的情况下进入讨论。
- 我能用释义和间接问句确认复杂信息。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 可能是我漏看了，不过……
核对
I may have missed something, but ... — I may have missed something, but the total seems incorrect. - 看起来似乎……
核对
It seems as though ... — It seems as though one source is missing. - 你介意……吗？
核对
Would you mind ...? — Would you mind checking the final paragraph?
2进入情境
项目会上，两位同事对 revised deadline 的含义理解不同。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MinaThe revised deadline gives the design team one more week.修改后的期限给设计团队多一周。
LeoSorry to interrupt, but could I clarify one point?抱歉打断一下，我能确认一点吗？
MinaOf course. Go ahead.当然，请说。
LeoIf I understand correctly, design submits on the twelfth, but testing still ends on the fifteenth. Is that right?如果我理解正确，设计在12日提交，但测试仍在15日结束，对吗？
MinaNot quite. Testing also moves back by a week.不完全是。测试也顺延一周。
LeoThanks. Could you clarify what the final launch date is?谢谢。你能说明最终上线日期是哪天吗？
MinaIt's now the twenty-second. I'll update the shared calendar.现在是22日。我会更新共享日历。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Sorry to interrupt, but ...抱歉打断一下，不过……Sorry to interrupt, but may I add something?
Could I come in here?我可以在这里插一句吗？Could I come in here before we decide?
If I understand correctly ...如果我理解正确……If I understand correctly, both dates change.
Are you saying that ...?你的意思是……吗？Are you saying that testing starts later?
Could you clarify what ...?你能说明……吗？Could you clarify what the new date is?
Not quite.不完全是。Not quite. The first deadline stays the same.
Let me finish this point.请让我把这一点说完。Let me finish this point, then I'll come to you.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：间接问句的陈述语序
Could you clarify、Do you know 等引出的间接问句使用陈述语序，不再把助动词或 be 放到主语前。
引导语 + 疑问词 + 主语 + 动词
- Could you clarify what the deadline is?你能说明期限是什么时候吗？
- Do you know why the date changed?你知道日期为什么改变吗？
- Can you tell me when testing begins?你能告诉我测试何时开始吗？
小心中文直译不能说 Could you clarify what is the deadline；嵌入部分应为 what the deadline is。
5发音实验：意群停顿与插话信号
在 Sorry to interrupt 后短暂停顿，再降低音量进入问题；释义时分成清晰意群。
Sorry to interrupt, / but could I clarify one point?If I understand correctly, / design submits on the twelfth.Are you saying / that both dates change?Could you clarify / what the final date is?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Cost of an Unchecked Assumption
During a video call, the manager said that the review would move “to the following Friday.” One team understood this as the Friday of the same week; another assumed she meant a week later. Nobody wanted to interrupt, so the meeting ended without clarification. Two days later, the teams discovered that their schedules differed by seven days. At the next meeting, a participant paraphrased every date and asked the manager to confirm it. The extra thirty seconds felt repetitive, but it prevented another costly mistake. Clarification is not evidence of weak listening; it is a professional way to protect shared understanding.
中文意义支持
视频会议中，经理说评审将移到“接下来的周五”。一组理解为本周五，另一组以为是一周后的周五。没人愿意插话，因此会议结束时没有澄清。两天后，双方发现计划相差七天。下次会议中，一名参与者复述每个日期并请经理确认。额外三十秒似乎重复，却避免了另一次高成本错误。澄清并非听力薄弱的表现，而是保护共同理解的专业方式。
读听任务
1. Why did the teams create different schedules?
They interpreted “the following Friday” differently and did not clarify it.
2. What practice prevented the problem next time?
A participant paraphrased each date and asked for confirmation.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
模拟一次含三个日期和两项责任的会议，至少插话一次、释义一次并请求确认。
- Sorry to interrupt, but could I clarify [point]?
- If I understand correctly, [paraphrase].
- Could you clarify what/when/why [statement order]?
参考示范，不要背稿
Sorry to interrupt, but could I clarify the testing date? If I understand correctly, design submits on the twelfth and testing ends on the twenty-second. Is that right?
写作迁移
写一封会后确认邮件，列出你理解的决定并邀请修正。
参考文本与自查
Thanks for today's discussion. If I understood correctly, design will submit on the twelfth, testing will finish on the twenty-second, and Leo will update the launch checklist. Could you confirm whether the customer review also moves? Please correct anything I have misunderstood.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示有些会议文化鼓励快速插话，有些更重视等待明确空隙。线上会议可用举手、聊天框或姓名点入等多种方式，不应把沉默等同于没有观点。
本课毕业任务录制三人会议：一人故意给出含糊信息，另两人必须通过插话、释义和确认发现并修复误会。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Emotion and Subtext
情绪与潜台词
本课真实任务
识别一句话可能传达的态度，在下结论前用中性问题核实。
- 我能根据重音、语境和措辞推测而不武断判断态度。
- 我能说明一句话给人的感觉并邀请对方澄清意图。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 抱歉打断一下，不过……
核对
Sorry to interrupt, but ... — Sorry to interrupt, but may I add something? - 我可以在这里插一句吗？
核对
Could I come in here? — Could I come in here before we decide? - 如果我理解正确……
核对
If I understand correctly ... — If I understand correctly, both dates change.
2进入情境
同事对一个冒险计划说 That's ambitious，团队成员对其态度理解不同。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NoraWe could redesign the whole site before Friday.我们可以在周五前重新设计整个网站。
SamWell, that's ambitious.嗯，这很有雄心。
NoraI'm not sure how to read that. Do you think the plan is unrealistic?我不确定该怎么理解。你觉得计划不现实吗？
SamI like the idea, but I'm concerned about the timing.我喜欢这个想法，但担心时间。
NoraThanks. Your comment came across as doubtful, so I wanted to check.谢谢。你的评论听起来有些怀疑，所以我想确认。
SamThat's fair. I should have been more specific.有道理。我本该说得更具体。
NoraHow about redesigning the home page first?先重新设计主页怎么样？
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
You sound ...你听起来……You sound uncertain about the schedule.
I get the sense that ...我感觉……I get the sense that there is another concern.
I may be reading too much into this, but ...也许是我过度解读，不过……I may be reading too much into this, but you seem disappointed.
Did you mean that ...?你的意思是……吗？Did you mean that the plan is unrealistic?
That came across as ...那给人的感觉是……That came across as rather dismissive.
That wasn't my intention.那不是我的本意。I'm sorry; that wasn't my intention.
I see where you're coming from.我理解你的出发点。I see where you're coming from, even if I disagree.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：用 must、might、can't 推测态度
must 表示有较强依据的推测，might/could 表示可能，can't 表示认为不可能；这些是推断，不是直接事实。
主语 + must/might/could/can't + be/feel/mean ...
- You must be frustrated after that delay.那次延误后你一定很沮丧。
- She might be worried about the cost.她可能担心成本。
- He can't mean that the work is useless.他不可能是说这项工作毫无用处。
小心中文直译即使使用 must，也可能猜错他人感受。高风险情境中应补一句核实问题，而不是替对方定义情绪。
5发音实验：对比重音如何改变潜台词
同一句话把重音放在不同词上，会暗示纠正、怀疑或惊讶。先听核心重音，再结合语境。
THAT'S ambitious.That's AMBITIOUS.I said TUESDAY, not Thursday.I LIKE the idea, but I'm worried about the timing.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：One Word, Two Interpretations
After sending a draft, Hana receives a one-word reply from her manager: “Fine.” She reads it as irritation and spends the evening rewriting work that was already acceptable. The next morning, she asks whether the draft needs changes. Her manager is surprised; he intended “fine” to mean that no revision was necessary. The message lacked vocal tone, facial expression, and a clear next step, so Hana filled the gap with her own anxiety. They agree to use more explicit replies such as “Approved—no changes needed” or “Fine as a starting point; please revise section two.” Digital efficiency improves when brevity does not remove essential meaning.
中文意义支持
Hana 发出草稿后，收到经理一个词的回复：“Fine。”她把它理解成不满，于是整晚重写本已合格的内容。第二天早上，她询问草稿是否需要修改。经理很惊讶；他的本意是无需修改。消息缺少声音语调、面部表情和明确下一步，因此 Hana 用自己的焦虑填补了空白。他们约定以后使用更明确的回复，如“已批准——无需修改”或“作为起点可以；请修改第二部分”。简洁不应删除必要意义，这样数字沟通才真正高效。
读听任务
1. Why did Hana misinterpret “Fine”?
The message lacked tone, context, and a clear next step, so she inferred irritation.
2. What solution did Hana and her manager adopt?
They agreed to use explicit replies that state approval or the required revision.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用三种重音读同一句话，解释可能潜台词，再演练一次中性核实。
- That came across as [attitude].
- I may be reading too much into it, but [impression].
- Did you mean that [interpretation]?
参考示范，不要背稿
That came across as doubtful. I may be reading too much into it, but you seem concerned about the timing. Did you mean that the plan is unrealistic?
写作迁移
把三条含糊短消息改为含态度和下一步的清晰消息。
参考文本与自查
Instead of “Fine,” write: “Approved—no changes needed.” Instead of “Interesting,” write: “The idea is promising, but I need cost details.” Instead of “We should talk,” write: “Could we discuss the revised deadline at 3 p.m.?”
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示幽默、反讽、沉默和眼神的含义高度依赖个人与社群。避免用单一文化规则判断态度，尤其在文字交流和跨文化团队中。
本课毕业任务建立“潜台词实验室”：为六句短语录制不同重音版本，让同伴解释感受并比较语境如何改变判断。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
A Difficult Conversation
一场困难对话
本课真实任务
就反复延误的问题进行困难对话，说明影响、承认责任并达成具体调整。
- 我能批评行为和影响而不攻击人格。
- 我能回应防御、修复误解并协商可检查的行动。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你听起来……
核对
You sound ... — You sound uncertain about the schedule. - 我感觉……
核对
I get the sense that ... — I get the sense that there is another concern. - 也许是我过度解读，不过……
核对
I may be reading too much into this, but ... — I may be reading too much into this, but you seem disappointed.
2进入情境
Ravi 连续两次迟交设计稿，搭档 Elise 需要在关系恶化前解决问题。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EliseCould we talk about the last two deadlines?我们能谈谈最近两次期限吗？
RaviI know I was late, but the requests kept changing.我知道我迟交了，但需求一直变化。
EliseThat's true. At the same time, when the files arrive late, I have to cancel user tests.确实如此。同时，文件迟到时我不得不取消用户测试。
RaviI didn't realize the tests were being cancelled. That wasn't my intention.我不知道测试因此被取消。那不是我的本意。
EliseI wish we'd discussed the risk earlier. What would make the schedule workable?我希望我们早点讨论风险。怎样能让计划可行？
RaviI can flag changes within a day and send a partial draft every Wednesday.我可以在一天内标记变更，并在每周三发送部分草稿。
EliseThat would help. Let's review the arrangement after two weeks.那会有帮助。我们两周后复盘这个安排。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Could we talk about ...?我们能谈谈……吗？Could we talk about the last deadline?
When ..., the impact is ...当……时，影响是……When files arrive late, the impact is cancelled testing.
I appreciate that ...我理解/认可……I appreciate that the requests changed.
That wasn't my intention.那不是我的本意。I'm sorry; that wasn't my intention.
I wish we'd discussed ...我希望我们早些讨论过……I wish we'd discussed the risk earlier.
What would make this workable?怎样能让这件事可行？What would make this deadline workable?
Let's review this after ...让我们在……后复盘。Let's review this after two weeks.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：wish 表达遗憾与期望改变
wish + 过去完成时表达对过去的遗憾；wish + 过去式表达与现在不同的愿望；wish + would 表达希望行为改变。
wish + had + 过去分词；wish + 过去式；wish + would + 动词
- I wish we'd discussed the risk earlier.我希望我们早些讨论过风险。
- I wish the schedule were more realistic.我希望计划更现实一些。
- I wish you would flag changes sooner.我希望你以后更早标记变更。
小心中文直译wish you would 容易带抱怨色彩。面对敏感关系，先说明事实与影响，再提出共同方案更稳妥。
5发音实验：保持平静的下降调与非指责重音
重读行为和影响，不要把重音压在 you 上；每个事实后稍停，给对方回应空间。
When the FILES arrive late, / the TESTS are cancelled.Could we TALK about the deadlines?That wasn't my INTENTION.What would make the schedule WORKABLE?
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：From Blame to an Agreement
A volunteer coordinator told Kai, “You're unreliable,” after he missed two shifts. Kai became defensive and listed every mistake the organization had made. A mediator helped them restart. The coordinator described the observable behavior, explained that another volunteer had worked alone, and asked what had prevented Kai from arriving. Kai revealed that the online schedule displayed the wrong time on his phone. He still accepted responsibility for not confirming the second shift. They corrected the calendar, added automatic reminders, and agreed that Kai would call if he might be late. The problem required accountability, but blame alone had hidden useful information.
中文意义支持
Kai 两次错过值班后，志愿者协调员说：“你不可靠。”Kai 立刻防御起来，并列举机构的每个错误。调解员帮助他们重新开始。协调员描述可观察行为，说明另一名志愿者被迫独自工作，并询问 Kai 未能到场的原因。Kai 透露在线日程在手机上显示了错误时间，但也承认自己没有确认第二次值班的责任。他们修正日历、增加自动提醒，并约定 Kai 若可能迟到就打电话。问题需要问责，但单纯责备掩盖了有用信息。
读听任务
1. Why did the first conversation fail?
The coordinator attacked Kai's character, so he became defensive.
2. What agreement addressed both the system and Kai's responsibility?
They fixed the calendar, added reminders, and required Kai to call if he might be late.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
进行五分钟困难对话：描述事实与影响、倾听解释、承担责任、形成两项行动和复盘日期。
- Could we talk about [specific behavior]?
- When [behavior], the impact is [effect].
- What would make this workable? Let's review it on [date].
参考示范，不要背稿
Could we talk about the last two deadlines? When files arrive late, user tests are cancelled. I appreciate that requests changed. What would make the schedule workable? Let's review the new plan in two weeks.
写作迁移
写一份120词对话后确认记录，避免评价人格。
参考文本与自查
Thanks for discussing the missed deadlines. We agreed that changing requests contributed to the delay, while late delivery caused two user tests to be cancelled. Ravi will flag scope changes within one working day and send a partial draft each Wednesday. Elise will confirm priorities every Monday. We will review this arrangement after two weeks and adjust it if either action is not workable.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示对冲突的舒适度和表达方式因人而异。给书面准备、私下谈话或第三方调解等选择，比强迫所有人采用同一种直接风格更公平。
本课毕业任务写两版冲突脚本：责备版与行为—影响—请求版；与同伴表演并记录哪一版产生更多可执行信息。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Claim, Reason, Evidence
主张、理由与证据
本课真实任务
把一个直觉观点发展成可检验的主张，用相关证据支持并主动说明限制。
- 我能区分主张、理由、证据和解释。
- 我能说明证据支持到什么程度，而不把相关性夸成因果。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我们能谈谈……吗？
核对
Could we talk about ...? — Could we talk about the last deadline? - 当……时，影响是……
核对
When ..., the impact is ... — When files arrive late, the impact is cancelled testing. - 我理解/认可……
核对
I appreciate that ... — I appreciate that the requests changed.
2进入情境
社区小组准备向市议会论证增设自行车道。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ImaniOur claim is that a protected bike lane would make the route safer.我们的主张是受保护自行车道会让路线更安全。
TomWhat evidence supports that rather than just our preference?有什么证据支持，而不只是我们的偏好？
ImaniAccording to the transport survey, forty-two percent avoid the route because of traffic.交通调查显示，42%的人因车流而避开该路线。
TomThat explains concern, but it doesn't prove a lane would reduce injuries.这说明了担忧，但不能证明车道会减少伤害。
ImaniAgreed. Data from a similar district show a twenty-six percent fall in collisions after installation.同意。类似地区的数据表明安装后碰撞下降26%。
TomGood. We should also mention that the districts are not identical.很好。我们也应说明两个地区并不完全相同。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Our claim is that ...我们的主张是……Our claim is that the route needs protection.
The main reason is ...主要理由是……The main reason is the high collision rate.
According to ...根据……According to the city survey, demand is rising.
The data indicate that ...数据表明……The data indicate that waiting times fell.
This suggests that ...这说明/暗示……This suggests that the change may help.
This does not necessarily mean ...这不一定意味着……This does not necessarily mean the policy caused it.
A limitation is ...一个局限是……A limitation is the small sample.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：证据报告与因果连接
according to 引出来源；because 后接分句，because of 后接名词；therefore 连接由证据推出的结论。
According to + 来源；because + 主语谓语；because of + 名词；句子. Therefore, 句子。
- According to the survey, traffic is the main concern.调查显示，车流是主要担忧。
- People avoid the route because it feels unsafe.人们避开该路线，因为感觉不安全。
- Use fell because of roadworks.使用量因道路施工而下降。
小心中文直译According to me 不适合引出个人观点；个人立场用 in my view，证据来源才用 according to。
5发音实验：证据数字与结论词的聚焦重音
先轻读来源，再重读关键数字；在 however、therefore、limitation 前停顿以显示逻辑。
According to the SURVEY, / FORTY-TWO percent avoid the route.The data INDICATE a decline.HOWEVER, the districts differ.THEREFORE, a pilot is justified.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Stronger Case for Later Buses
Students claimed that the last bus left too early, making evening classes inaccessible. Their first evidence was a petition with 600 signatures. The petition showed concern, but it did not reveal how many signers actually used the route. The group then collected ticket data and found that the final bus was regularly full. A two-week survey showed that 38 percent of evening students had missed class because they lacked transport. Together, these sources supported a limited trial of one later service. The group still acknowledged that winter demand might differ and proposed measuring passenger numbers, cost, and missed-class reports during the trial.
中文意义支持
学生主张末班车太早，导致晚间课程难以参加。最初证据是有600个签名的请愿书。请愿书显示担忧，却没有说明多少签名者真正使用该路线。小组随后收集票务数据，发现末班车经常满员。两周调查显示，38%的晚间学生因缺少交通而缺课。这些来源共同支持试行一班更晚的公交。小组仍承认冬季需求可能不同，并建议在试行中测量乘客数、成本和缺课报告。
读听任务
1. Why was the petition insufficient on its own?
It showed concern but not how many signers actually used the route.
2. What made a limited trial reasonable?
Full-bus data and a student survey both indicated unmet transport demand.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用90秒提出主张、两项证据、证据解释和一个限制。
- Our claim is that [claim].
- According to [source], [evidence]. This suggests [interpretation].
- A limitation is [limitation], so we recommend [proportionate action].
参考示范，不要背稿
Our claim is that the city should test a later bus. Ticket data show the final service is regularly full, and 38 percent of surveyed evening students report missing class. This suggests unmet demand. Because winter use may differ, we recommend a measured three-month pilot.
写作迁移
写一段150词的 CER 论证并标注 Claim、Evidence、Reasoning、Limitation。
参考文本与自查
Claim: The city should trial one later bus. Evidence: The current final service is regularly full, and 38 percent of surveyed evening students report missing class because they lack transport. Reasoning: Both operational data and learner experience indicate unmet demand. Limitation: The survey covered only two weeks, and winter demand may differ. Recommendation: Run a three-month trial and measure passenger numbers, cost, and missed-class reports before deciding permanently.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同领域认可的证据不同。个人经历可以揭示问题，但不应自动代表所有人；统计数据也需要了解样本和测量方法。
本课毕业任务选择一个社区主张，建立证据表：来源、数据、与主张的关系、局限和还需收集的信息。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Concession and Counterargument
让步与反驳
本课真实任务
在辩论中准确承认对方合理之处，再指出限制并提出更强的替代结论。
- 我能使用让步结构呈现相反观点。
- 我能反驳观点而不歪曲对方立场。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我们的主张是……
核对
Our claim is that ... — Our claim is that the route needs protection. - 主要理由是……
核对
The main reason is ... — The main reason is the high collision rate. - 根据……
核对
According to ... — According to the city survey, demand is rising.
2进入情境
团队讨论是否应让所有员工永久远程办公。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LeahRemote work removes commuting time and can improve concentration.远程工作消除通勤时间，也能提升专注。
MarcoI take your point. That said, some tasks depend on quick informal exchange.我明白你的观点。不过，有些任务依赖快速的非正式交流。
LeahTrue, but that doesn't require everyone to be in the office every day.确实，但这不要求每个人每天都在办公室。
MarcoWhile full flexibility sounds fair, new staff may receive less support.完全灵活听起来公平，但新员工得到的支持可能更少。
LeahThen perhaps the stronger option is a flexible policy with team-based office days.那么更好的方案也许是灵活政策加团队办公日。
MarcoI could support that, provided we review its impact after six months.如果六个月后评估效果，我可以支持。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
I take your point.我理解你的观点。I take your point about commuting.
That said ...话虽如此……That said, some work needs face-to-face contact.
While it is true that ...虽然……确实如此While it is true that costs fell, service also declined.
Even so ...即便如此……Even so, a total ban is unnecessary.
This overlooks ...这忽略了……This overlooks the needs of new staff.
I would argue instead that ...我反而认为……I would argue instead that a trial is safer.
On balance ...综合来看……On balance, a hybrid policy is stronger.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：although、while 与 despite 的让步结构
although/even though/while 后接分句；despite/in spite of 后接名词或 -ing。让步后再给主结论。
Although + 分句, 主句；Despite + 名词/-ing, 主句
- Although remote work saves time, it can reduce informal contact.虽然远程办公节省时间，但会减少非正式接触。
- Despite saving time, remote work is not ideal for every task.尽管节省时间，远程办公并非适合每项任务。
- While the policy is flexible, it may disadvantage new staff.虽然政策灵活，但可能让新员工处于不利地位。
小心中文直译不要说 despite it saves time；应说 although it saves time 或 despite saving time。
5发音实验：让步轻读、主结论重读
让步部分通常作为背景，主结论承载核心重音；在转折词后稍停。
Although it saves TIME, / it may reduce SUPPORT.I take your POINT. / That SAID, we need evidence.EVEN SO, / a ban is unnecessary.On BALANCE, / a hybrid policy is stronger.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Should the Town Remove Parking Spaces?
Opponents of a new public square argue that removing twelve parking spaces will harm nearby shops. Their concern deserves attention, especially for customers with limited mobility. However, the argument assumes that most shoppers arrive by car. A recent travel survey found that only 18 percent did so, while 46 percent walked and 28 percent used public transport. Evidence from a temporary street closure also showed higher weekend footfall, although sales data were not collected. On balance, the town should proceed with a six-month trial, retain accessible parking nearby, and measure both sales and visitor numbers before making the change permanent.
中文意义支持
新公共广场的反对者认为，取消十二个停车位会伤害附近商店。这种担忧值得重视，尤其对行动不便的顾客。然而，该论点假定大多数购物者开车到达。近期出行调查发现，只有18%开车，46%步行，28%乘公共交通。临时封街期间，周末人流也增加了，尽管没有收集销售数据。综合来看，城镇应开展六个月试行，在附近保留无障碍停车位，并在永久改变前测量销售额和访客数。
读听任务
1. Which concern does the writer concede?
Removing parking may affect shops and customers with limited mobility.
2. Why is a trial recommended rather than a permanent change?
The travel and footfall evidence is promising, but sales data are missing.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
进行两分钟反驳：准确复述对方观点、让步、指出遗漏、给证据并提出替代方案。
- I take your point that [opposing point].
- Even so, this overlooks [factor/evidence].
- I would argue instead that [alternative].
参考示范，不要背稿
I take your point that remote work saves commuting time. Even so, full flexibility may reduce support for new staff. I would argue instead for team-based office days and a six-month review.
写作迁移
写一篇180词短评论，至少使用两种让步结构和一个条件化结论。
参考文本与自查
Although removing parking raises valid accessibility concerns, it does not follow that the public square will harm all shops. Most surveyed customers arrive without a car, and a temporary closure increased footfall. Despite these positive signs, the evidence lacks sales data. The town should therefore run a six-month trial, retain accessible spaces nearby, and compare sales and visitor numbers before making a permanent decision.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示辩论规则在不同课堂和职场中不同，但批评观点而非人的身份或能力，是跨场景都更安全的原则。
本课毕业任务为一个争议议题制作“双面论证卡”，分别写出双方最强观点、可承认之处、关键证据与折中方案。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Degrees of Certainty
表达不同程度的确定性
本课真实任务
根据证据强弱调整结论措辞，区分可能、很可能和可以合理确认。
- 我能用情态词、副词和报告动词校准确定性。
- 我能指出什么已知、什么推测、什么仍不清楚。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我理解你的观点。
核对
I take your point. — I take your point about commuting. - 话虽如此……
核对
That said ... — That said, some work needs face-to-face contact. - 虽然……确实如此
核对
While it is true that ... — While it is true that costs fell, service also declined.
2进入情境
研究团队根据有限试点数据讨论一个学习应用是否真的提高成绩。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChenScores rose after the app was introduced, so it clearly caused the improvement.应用引入后成绩提高，所以显然是它造成了提升。
AvaThat may be true, but the students also received extra tutoring.可能如此，但学生也接受了额外辅导。
ChenSo the app might have contributed, but we can't isolate its effect.所以应用可能有贡献，但无法单独分离其作用。
AvaExactly. The attendance data strongly suggest that engagement increased.正是。出勤数据强烈表明参与度提高。
ChenHowever, it remains unclear whether the effect will last.不过，效果能否持续仍不清楚。
AvaWe can reasonably conclude that a larger controlled trial is justified.我们可以合理得出结论：值得开展更大的对照试验。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
It is possible that ...有可能……It is possible that tutoring affected the result.
The evidence suggests that ...证据表明……The evidence suggests that engagement increased.
It is highly likely that ...很可能……It is highly likely that weather reduced attendance.
We can reasonably conclude that ...我们可以合理得出结论……We can reasonably conclude that a trial is justified.
It remains unclear whether ...……是否如此仍不清楚It remains unclear whether the effect will last.
The evidence is insufficient to ...证据不足以……The evidence is insufficient to prove causation.
almost certainly几乎可以肯定The outage almost certainly caused the short dip.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：概率情态词与完成式推测
may/might/could 表示可能，must 表示强推断，can't 表示认为不可能；对过去推测用 modal + have + 过去分词。
may/might/must/can't + 动词；may/might/must/can't + have + 过去分词
- The app may improve engagement.该应用可能提升参与度。
- The outage must have affected the result.停机一定影响了结果。
- The change can't have caused an earlier trend.这项变化不可能造成更早的趋势。
小心中文直译must have done 是基于证据的推测，不表示“过去必须做”。过去的义务通常用 had to。
5发音实验：确定性词的焦点重音
重读 likely、possible、unclear 等校准词，让听众准确听出你的把握程度。
It is POSSIBLE that tutoring helped.The outage ALMOST CERTAINLY affected use.It remains UNCLEAR whether the effect will last.We can REASONABLY conclude that a trial is justified.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Headline Stronger Than the Study
A news headline announced that daily puzzles “prevent memory loss.” The study behind the claim followed 120 adults for eight weeks. Participants who completed puzzles improved slightly on a similar puzzle test, but the study did not measure long-term memory loss or compare puzzles with other social activities. The results suggest that repeated practice may improve performance on related tasks. They do not establish that puzzles prevent a medical condition. Because the sample was small and the follow-up short, broader benefits remain uncertain. A more accurate headline would say that the study found limited short-term improvement on one type of cognitive task.
中文意义支持
新闻标题宣称每日谜题“防止记忆衰退”。其研究跟踪120名成年人八周。完成谜题的参与者在类似谜题测试中略有提升，但研究没有测量长期记忆衰退，也没有把谜题与其他社交活动比较。结果表明，重复练习可能提升相关任务表现，却不能证明谜题预防某种医疗状况。由于样本小、跟踪短，更广泛的益处仍不确定。更准确的标题应是：研究发现一种认知任务有有限的短期改善。
读听任务
1. What does the study support with some confidence?
Repeated puzzle practice may improve performance on related puzzle tasks.
2. Why is the original headline too certain?
The study did not measure long-term memory loss and had a small sample and short follow-up.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
把五条夸张结论改成与证据相符的确定性等级，并解释选择。
- The evidence [weakly/strongly] suggests that [claim].
- It is [possible/highly likely] that [explanation].
- It remains unclear whether [unanswered question].
参考示范，不要背稿
The evidence suggests that the app may improve engagement. Extra tutoring could also have contributed. It remains unclear whether the improvement will last without support.
写作迁移
写一段150词研究摘要，至少使用四种不同强度的确定性表达。
参考文本与自查
Attendance and quiz scores both increased during the pilot. The evidence strongly suggests that engagement improved, and the app may have contributed. However, extra tutoring could also have affected scores, so the data are insufficient to isolate the app's effect. It remains unclear whether gains will last. We can reasonably conclude that a larger controlled trial is justified.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示有些沟通环境奖励自信措辞，但负责任的专业表达会让确定性与证据匹配。谨慎不是软弱，而是可检验的诚实。
本课毕业任务建立“确定性阶梯”，把十条研究或新闻陈述按证据强度排序并改写，注明你需要什么新证据才能提高把握。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Mini Debate and Review
迷你辩论与评论文章
本课真实任务
围绕公共议题完成一场有证据的短辩论，并把口头立场转化为结构清晰的评论。
- 我能用路标语组织主张、反驳和结论。
- 我能综合证据、回应反方并给出比例适当的建议。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 有可能……
核对
It is possible that ... — It is possible that tutoring affected the result. - 证据表明……
核对
The evidence suggests that ... — The evidence suggests that engagement increased. - 很可能……
核对
It is highly likely that ... — It is highly likely that weather reduced attendance.
2进入情境
社区论坛讨论市中心周末是否应限制私家车。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ModeratorLet's begin with the strongest case for the restriction.先从支持限制的最强论据开始。
NiaThe central issue is safety. Weekend pedestrian numbers have doubled.核心问题是安全。周末行人数翻了一倍。
PaulI accept that concern; however, some disabled residents rely on cars.我接受这一担忧；不过，一些残障居民依赖汽车。
NiaThat's why I support exemptions and accessible drop-off points rather than a total ban.所以我支持豁免和无障碍下客点，而不是全面禁车。
PaulThat addresses my main objection. We still need evidence about shop deliveries.这回应了我的主要反对点。我们仍需要商店配送方面的证据。
ModeratorOn balance, both sides support a trial with access protections and measurement.综合来看，双方都支持带有通行保障和测量的试行。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
The central issue is ...核心问题是……The central issue is public safety.
My position is based on ...我的立场基于……My position is based on travel data.
The strongest objection is ...最有力的反对意见是……The strongest objection is limited access.
This evidence does not account for ...该证据没有考虑……This evidence does not account for delivery traffic.
In response to that ...对此……In response to that, I propose an exemption.
On balance ...综合来看……On balance, a trial is justified.
This brings us to ...这就引出了……This brings us to the practical recommendation.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：用 moreover、however、consequently 连接论证
连接副词连接两个独立句子的逻辑，常置于句首并以逗号隔开；不能简单用逗号粘连两个完整句。
句子. However/Moreover/Consequently, 句子。
- Pedestrian use has risen. Moreover, collision risk remains high.行人使用量上升。此外，碰撞风险仍高。
- Access matters. However, a total ban is not the only option.通行很重要。不过，全面禁车并非唯一方案。
- The pilot reduced injuries. Consequently, an extension is justified.试行减少了伤害。因此，延长试行有依据。
小心中文直译however 不是 but 的完全同位替换；正式写作中不要写成逗号拼接：The idea is strong, however it is costly。
5发音实验：辩论路标语与结论重音
路标语前后短暂停顿，重读 central issue、strongest objection、on balance，帮助听众跟随结构。
The CENTRAL ISSUE is safety.The STRONGEST OBJECTION is access.IN RESPONSE TO THAT, / I propose an exemption.ON BALANCE, / a measured trial is justified.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Reviewing a Car-Free Weekend Trial
The six-week car-free trial made the town center noticeably quieter and increased pedestrian visits by 21 percent. Surveyed visitors reported feeling safer, and bus use rose modestly. However, delivery drivers described unclear access rules, while several disabled residents found the temporary drop-off point too far from key services. These weaknesses do not justify abandoning the idea, but they do challenge claims of complete success. On balance, the trial should continue for another three months with clearer delivery windows, two accessible drop-off points, and published weekly data. The policy's value will depend not only on reducing traffic, but also on whether access problems are genuinely corrected.
中文意义支持
六周无车试行让市中心明显更安静，行人到访增加21%。受访者表示感觉更安全，公交使用量也略升。不过，配送司机认为通行规则不清，一些残障居民觉得临时下客点离关键服务太远。这些弱点不足以否定方案，却挑战了“完全成功”的说法。综合来看，应再延长三个月，同时明确配送时段、增设两个无障碍下客点并公布每周数据。政策价值不仅取决于减少车流，也取决于通行问题是否真正得到修正。
读听任务
1. What positive evidence came from the trial?
Pedestrian visits rose, visitors felt safer, and bus use increased modestly.
2. What conditions does the writer attach to an extension?
Clear delivery windows, two accessible drop-off points, and weekly published data.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成三分钟迷你辩论：立场、两项证据、让步、反驳和条件化结论。
- The central issue is [issue], and my position is [claim].
- I accept [concession]. However, [response].
- On balance, I recommend [action], provided that [condition].
参考示范，不要背稿
The central issue is safety, and I support a weekend restriction. I accept that some residents rely on cars. However, exemptions and accessible drop-off points can protect access. On balance, I recommend a three-month trial with weekly monitoring.
写作迁移
把辩论写成180至220词评论文章，使用清晰标题和段落路标。
参考文本与自查
A Safer Center, with Conditions. The central issue is whether safety can improve without excluding residents who depend on cars. Pedestrian visits rose during the trial, and visitors reported feeling safer. However, delivery rules were unclear and the drop-off point was inaccessible for some users. These problems weaken claims of total success but do not justify abandoning the policy. On balance, the town should extend the trial, add accessible drop-off points, clarify deliveries, and publish weekly results.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示公共议题中的亲身经验与统计证据都重要。邀请受政策影响的人参与设计，比替他们推断需求更负责任。
本课毕业任务举行四人论坛并提交评论：主持人、支持方、反对方和事实核查员各有职责，事实核查员标记每项主张的证据状态。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Facilitating a Meeting
主持高效会议
本课真实任务
主持跨团队会议，让不同意见得到表达，并在结束前确认决定、负责人和期限。
- 我能礼貌分配发言机会、处理跑题并邀请沉默成员参与。
- 我能实时概括共识、分歧和下一步行动。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 核心问题是……
核对
The central issue is ... — The central issue is public safety. - 我的立场基于……
核对
My position is based on ... — My position is based on travel data. - 最有力的反对意见是……
核对
The strongest objection is ... — The strongest objection is limited access.
2进入情境
产品、设计和客服团队讨论是否推迟新功能上线。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MayaThanks for joining. Our aim today is to decide whether Friday's launch is still realistic.感谢参加。今天的目标是决定周五上线是否仍然现实。
JonThe main feature is ready, but two accessibility issues remain.主要功能已就绪，但仍有两个无障碍问题。
MayaBefore we go deeper, Leila, could you give us the customer perspective?深入讨论前，Leila，你能谈谈客户视角吗？
LeilaSchools need the update this month, although none has requested Friday specifically.学校本月需要更新，不过没有一家明确要求周五。
MayaI'm hearing support for a short delay, provided we communicate it today. Is that fair?我听到的是支持短暂延期，前提是今天沟通。准确吗？
JonYes. Tuesday gives us enough time to test both fixes.是的。周二能让我们测试两项修复。
MayaAgreed. Jon owns testing, Leila drafts the message, and I review both by four.同意。Jon 负责测试，Leila 起草通知，我四点前审核。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Our aim today is to ...我们今天的目标是……Our aim today is to choose a launch date.
Before we go deeper ...在深入讨论前……Before we go deeper, let's hear from support.
Could you give us your perspective?你能谈谈你的看法吗？Nora, could you give us your perspective?
Let's park that for now.我们暂时搁置这一点。That matters, but let's park it for now.
What I'm hearing is ...我听到的核心是……What I'm hearing is a need for testing.
Is that a fair summary?这个概括准确吗？We prefer Tuesday. Is that a fair summary?
Who owns the next step?下一步由谁负责？Who owns the next step, and by when?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：会议中的元话语标记
before we move on、to sum up、from X's perspective 等表达用于管理讨论结构，而非增加议题内容。
结构标记 + 完整分句；From + 人/团队 + 's perspective, ...
- Before we move on, can we clarify the deadline?继续前，我们能确认期限吗？
- From support's perspective, Tuesday is safer.从客服角度看，周二更稳妥。
- To sum up, we will delay the launch.总结一下，我们将推迟上线。
小心中文直译直接切断他人会显得生硬；先承认观点，再用结构标记把讨论拉回目标。
5发音实验：邀请上扬、总结收束
邀请发言时轻微上扬以留出空间；确认决定时清晰下降，让责任边界明确。
Leila, could you come in here?Let's return to the main question.Is that a fair summary?Jon owns testing by Friday.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Meeting That Recovered
A hybrid project meeting began badly. Two people in the room dominated the discussion, while remote colleagues struggled to enter. After fifteen minutes, the facilitator paused and restated the decision the group needed to make. She invited each remote participant to speak first, placed unrelated questions in a visible parking list, and checked every summary for accuracy. The team did not solve every technical problem, but it selected one option, assigned three owners, and agreed on deadlines. A short written recap arrived within an hour, so nobody left with a different understanding of the outcome.
中文意义支持
一次混合式项目会议开局很糟。会议室里的两个人主导讨论，远程同事难以插话。十五分钟后，主持人暂停并重申需要作出的决定。她先邀请远程成员发言，把无关问题放入可见暂存清单，并核对每次总结。团队虽未解决所有技术问题，但选定方案、指定负责人并商定期限。一小时内书面纪要发出，所有人对结果理解一致。
读听任务
1. What changed the meeting's direction?
The facilitator restated the decision, invited remote voices, parked unrelated issues, and checked summaries.
2. Why was the written recap useful?
It gave everyone the same record of the outcome, owners, and deadlines.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
主持八分钟会议：邀请三人、处理一次跑题、概括分歧并确认行动。
- Our aim today is to decide [decision].
- What I'm hearing is [summary]. Is that fair?
- [Name] owns [action] and will finish by [deadline].
参考示范，不要背稿
Our aim is to choose a pilot site. I hear support for Site B, with one concern about travel. Is that fair? Priya will check costs by Thursday.
写作迁移
写100至130词行动纪要，区分决定、未决问题、负责人和期限。
参考文本与自查
The group agreed to move the pilot to Site B, subject to a transport check. Priya will compare travel costs by Thursday noon. Mateo will confirm room access by the same deadline. The question of a second school remains open. I will combine both checks and circulate the final schedule on Friday.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同团队对直接打断和沉默的容忍度不同。主持人应明确规则并提供口头、聊天和书面等多种参与方式。
本课毕业任务录制一次角色会议并提交议程和行动纪要，用发言分布、总结准确度和行动清晰度复盘。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Negotiating Terms
协商条件
本课真实任务
就项目范围、费用和时间表协商，在保护核心需求的同时提出可接受的交换条件。
- 我能区分立场与利益并提出有条件的让步。
- 我能确认暂定共识，避免把探索性提议误当承诺。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 我们今天的目标是……
核对
Our aim today is to ... — Our aim today is to choose a launch date. - 在深入讨论前……
核对
Before we go deeper ... — Before we go deeper, let's hear from support. - 你能谈谈你的看法吗？
核对
Could you give us your perspective? — Nora, could you give us your perspective?
2进入情境
社区机构与视频制作人协商培训影片的交付条件。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
RosaYour proposal fits our goals, but the fee is above our budget.你的方案符合目标，但费用超出预算。
EvanI understand. Which part of the package matters most?我理解。哪部分最重要？
RosaWe need captions and two language versions. The animation is optional.我们需要字幕和两个语言版本。动画是可选的。
EvanIf we remove the animation, I could reduce the fee by twelve percent.如果去掉动画，我可以降价12%。
RosaThat could work, provided the second version arrives by May fifteenth.可以，前提是第二版本在5月15日前交付。
EvanI can commit to that as long as you approve the script within three days.只要你们三天内批准脚本，我可以承诺。
RosaLet's record those terms as provisional until legal review.法务审核前，先把这些条件记为暂定。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Which part matters most?哪一部分最重要？Which part of the schedule matters most?
If we ..., we could ...如果我们……，我们可以……If we reduce the scope, we could meet the budget.
provided that ...前提是……We can agree, provided that delivery stays on time.
as long as ...只要……We can agree as long as support is included.
I can commit to ...我可以承诺……I can commit to a May deadline.
That's not something we can offer.这一点我们无法提供。Unlimited revisions are not something we can offer.
Let's treat that as provisional.先视为暂定。Let's treat that price as provisional.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：条件交换：if、provided that、as long as
用条件从句把让步与回报绑定。探索方案常用 could/would，确定承诺可用 can/will。
If + 一般现在时, could/would + 动词；主句 + provided that/as long as + 条件
- If we shorten the video, we could lower the fee.如果缩短视频，我们可以降低费用。
- We can deliver in May provided that you approve the script.只要批准脚本，我们可以五月交付。
- I will include support as long as the scope stays unchanged.只要范围不变，我会包含支持。
小心中文直译provided that 表示“前提是”，不是过去时；尚未获批时不要使用无条件承诺。
5发音实验：对比重音标明可交换项
重读变化项和核心需求，让交换条件不易听错。
We can change the DATE, not the SCOPE.CAPTIONS are essential; animation is OPTIONAL.I can reduce the FEE by twelve percent.Those terms are PROVISIONAL.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Beyond Splitting the Difference
Two organizations negotiated the use of a shared training room. One wanted evening access; the other wanted time for cleaning. At first, both argued about a single closing time. A coordinator then asked why each time mattered. The first group needed only two late sessions per month. The second needed ninety minutes before its Thursday program. They agreed on late access twice a month, except on Thursdays, and created a three-month trial. By discussing underlying interests rather than fixed positions, they reached an arrangement that a simple compromise would not have produced.
中文意义支持
两个组织协商共用培训室。一方需要晚间使用，另一方需要清洁时间。起初双方只争论关门时间。协调员询问各自原因后发现，第一组每月只需两次晚间活动，第二组需要周四项目开始前九十分钟。他们同意每月两次延长使用但周四除外，并设三个月试行。讨论立场背后的利益，产生了简单折中无法带来的方案。
读听任务
1. What were the groups' underlying interests?
One needed two late sessions a month; the other needed cleaning time before Thursday programs.
2. Why was a trial period useful?
It allowed both sides to test the arrangement before making it permanent.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
就预算、范围和期限谈判七分钟，达成两项条件交换或记录未决点。
- Our priority is [interest], while [item] is flexible.
- If you [concession], we could [return].
- We can agree, provided that [condition].
参考示范，不要背稿
Our priority is accurate captions, while animation is flexible. If you remove it, we could approve a shorter schedule. We can agree, provided both versions arrive by May fifteenth.
写作迁移
写120至150词确认邮件，标出已同意、暂定和未同意条款。
参考文本与自查
We agreed to remove the animation and reduce the fee by twelve percent. Delivery by May fifteenth is provisional on script approval within three working days. Legal review remains necessary. Unlimited revisions are not included; the price covers two rounds. Please reply if this differs from your understanding.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示拒绝、沉默和快速成交在不同环境中的含义不同。不要依靠刻板印象；复述条件并提供书面确认。
本课毕业任务完成双轮谈判：第一轮记录立场，第二轮追问利益，比较两轮产生的选项和协议质量。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Explaining Data
解释数据
本课真实任务
向非专业听众解释图表，区分观察、比较和可能原因，不夸大结论。
- 我能准确描述趋势、幅度、峰值和例外。
- 我能用谨慎语言把数据事实与解释性推断分开。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 哪一部分最重要？
核对
Which part matters most? — Which part of the schedule matters most? - 如果我们……，我们可以……
核对
If we ..., we could ... — If we reduce the scope, we could meet the budget. - 前提是……
核对
provided that ... — We can agree, provided that delivery stays on time.
2进入情境
分析师 Priya 向交通委员会解释公交试点客流数据。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
PriyaThe chart shows weekly ridership during the twelve-week pilot.图表展示十二周试点期间的每周客流。
ChairWhat is the main pattern?主要趋势是什么？
PriyaRidership rose from 820 to just over 1,100 trips, then levelled off.客流从820次升至略高于1100次，随后趋稳。
ChairThere is a sharp dip in week seven. Do we know why?第七周明显下降。知道原因吗？
PriyaIt coincided with flooding, although the chart alone cannot prove causation.它与洪水同时发生，但图表不能单独证明因果。
ChairWhat can we conclude with confidence?我们能有把握得出什么结论？
PriyaUse increased overall, but comparison data are needed before claiming cause.总体使用增加，但声称因果前需要对照数据。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
The chart shows ...图表显示……The chart shows monthly energy use.
rose from ... to ...从……升到……Attendance rose from 60 to 85.
fell by ...下降了……Costs fell by twelve percent.
levelled off趋于平稳Growth levelled off after June.
a notable exception明显例外Week seven is a notable exception.
coincided with与……同时发生The dip coincided with flooding.
does not prove causation不能证明因果Correlation does not prove causation.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：趋势动词与 by/to
to 表示变化终点，by 表示变化幅度；from ... to ... 同时给出起点和终点。
rise/fall from A to B；rise/fall by 数量；approximately/just over/nearly + 数字
- Use rose from 820 to 1,100 trips.使用量从820升至1100次。
- Waiting time fell by six minutes.等候时间缩短六分钟。
- Nearly half chose the bus.近一半人选择公交。
小心中文直译fell to 20% 表示终点为20%，fell by 20% 表示下降幅度为20%。
5发音实验：数字与百分比的清晰分组
关键数字前稍停，对比数据使用平行节奏，避免 thirteen 与 thirty 听混。
from eight hundred and twenty to eleven hundreda fall of thirteen percentan increase of thirty percentapproximately two point six million
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：What the Dashboard Can and Cannot Say
A library dashboard showed that digital loans increased by 34 percent after a new app appeared. The largest rise came from readers aged sixty and above, while loans among younger adults changed little. It is tempting to credit the app for the entire increase. However, the library also offered weekly training sessions and expanded its digital collection during the same period. Furthermore, the dashboard counted loans, not unique readers or completed books. The figures support a clear claim about borrowing activity, but identifying the cause requires comparison groups, user interviews, and more detailed measures.
中文意义支持
图书馆仪表盘显示，新应用上线后数字借阅增加34%。增幅最大的是六十岁以上读者，年轻成年人变化不大。人们容易把增长全归功于应用，但同期还有每周培训和馆藏扩充。仪表盘统计借阅次数，而非独立读者或读完的书。数据支持借阅活动增加，但确定原因需要对照组、访谈和更详细指标。
读听任务
1. Which group showed the largest increase?
Readers aged sixty and above.
2. Why can the app not be identified as the sole cause?
Training and collection expansion happened at the same time, and the measures were limited.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用两分钟解释图表：界定指标、总趋势、两项证据、例外和限制。
- The chart shows [measure] over [period].
- Overall, it rose/fell from [A] to [B], with [exception].
- This may reflect [factor], although the data cannot prove [claim].
参考示范，不要背稿
The chart shows weekly ridership over twelve weeks. Trips rose from 820 to just over 1,100, with a dip in week seven. Flooding may explain it, although the chart cannot prove causation.
写作迁移
写130至160词数据简报，包含范围、趋势、比较、例外、解释和限制。
参考文本与自查
The dashboard tracks digital loans before and after the app launch. Borrowing rose by 34 percent, especially among readers over sixty. The timing suggests that the app may have helped. However, training and collection expansion happened simultaneously, and the measure counts loans rather than readers. The safest conclusion is that borrowing activity increased; further evidence is needed to explain why.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同地区的小数点和千位分隔写法不同。跨国展示时写出单位、读出数字，并避免只靠颜色分类。
本课毕业任务选择公开数据图，制作无障碍口头说明和150词简报；同伴标注观察、推断和限制。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Proposal and Report
提案与报告
本课真实任务
针对同一项目分别撰写前瞻提案和结果报告，使目的、证据和建议清晰可辨。
- 我能根据文种选择未来导向或结果导向的结构。
- 我能提出有依据、可执行且带条件的建议。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 图表显示……
核对
The chart shows ... — The chart shows monthly energy use. - 从……升到……
核对
rose from ... to ... — Attendance rose from 60 to 85. - 下降了……
核对
fell by ... — Costs fell by twelve percent.
2进入情境
绿色办公小组提议共享单车试点，随后报告首月结果。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AminaThe proposal should begin with the problem, not our preferred bike model.提案应从问题开始，而不是偏好车型。
TheoAgreed. Short taxi trips have increased by eighteen percent.同意。短途出租车行程增加18%。
AminaThen we recommend a three-month pilot with twenty bicycles.我们建议开展三个月、二十辆车的试点。
TheoWhat success measures should we include?应包含哪些成功指标？
AminaUse rate, cost per trip, and staff satisfaction. Each needs a target.使用率、单次成本和员工满意度。每项都要有目标。
TheoIn the report, we compare actual results with those targets.报告中把实际结果与目标比较。
AminaExactly. Mixed results should lead to changes, not be hidden.正是。混合结果应带来调整，而非被掩盖。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
This proposal addresses ...本提案旨在解决……This proposal addresses rising travel costs.
We recommend a ... pilot.我们建议开展……试点。We recommend a three-month pilot.
Success will be measured by ...成效将通过……衡量。Success will be measured by use and cost.
The findings indicate ...结果表明……The findings indicate strong early demand.
fell short of the target未达到目标Usage fell short of the target.
On the basis of these results ...根据这些结果……On this basis, we recommend an extension.
subject to ...以……为条件Extend the pilot subject to a safety review.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：情态被动语态表达建议与流程
正式文本常用 should/could/must + be + 过去分词突出行动；关键责任仍应用 by 或行动清单说明。
情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (+ by + 执行者)
- The pilot should be extended.试点应延长。
- Usage could be monitored weekly.使用率可每周监测。
- The decision must be approved by the board.决定必须由董事会批准。
小心中文直译被动语态若隐藏关键责任人会削弱执行力；行动清单仍应写明负责人。
5发音实验：长名词组的意群切分
在核心名词或分句边界停顿，不要逐词停顿。
a three-month pilot / with twenty bicyclesthe first-month usage figures / from three siteson the basis of these results / we recommend an extensionsubject to a final safety review
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：From Proposal to Honest Report
A company proposed replacing disposable cups with a reusable-cup scheme. The proposal defined the waste problem, estimated start-up costs, and set two success measures: an adoption rate of 60 percent and a 25 percent reduction in waste. After three months, waste had fallen by 28 percent, but only 43 percent of staff used the cups regularly. The report did not label the pilot a simple success or failure. It explained that a convenient return point produced high use on one floor and recommended adding similar points elsewhere before expanding the scheme. The recommendation followed the mixed evidence rather than the original enthusiasm.
中文意义支持
公司提议用可重复使用杯替代一次性杯。提案界定问题、估算成本，并设采用率60%和废弃物减少25%两个指标。三个月后废弃物减少28%，但只有43%员工经常使用。报告没有简单判为成败，而是指出便利归还点带来某楼层高使用率，并建议扩展前在其他楼层增设归还点。建议依据混合证据，而非最初热情。
读听任务
1. Which target was achieved?
The waste-reduction target was achieved; waste fell by 28 percent.
2. Why did the report recommend more return points?
The floor with a convenient return point had higher regular use.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
三分钟汇报：说明原提案、结果、目标偏差和下一步建议。
- The proposal addressed [problem] by recommending [action].
- The results met [target] but fell short of [target].
- On this basis, [action] should be [past participle], subject to [condition].
参考示范，不要背稿
The proposal addressed cup waste through a reusable scheme. Waste reduction exceeded its target, but adoption fell short. The pilot should be extended, subject to adding return points.
写作迁移
为同一试点写120词提案摘要和150词结果报告摘要。
参考文本与自查
Proposal: We recommend a twelve-week pilot to reduce short taxi journeys. Success will be measured by use, cost, and satisfaction. Report: Use exceeded the target at two sites but remained low at the third, where secure parking was unavailable. We recommend extending the pilot at two sites and delaying expansion at the third until parking is provided.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示正式度因组织而异，但清晰标题、证据来源和责任归属普遍有益。不要用被动语态掩盖坏消息。
本课毕业任务选择一个改进点先写提案，再根据模拟三个月数据写结果报告，交换审阅两种文体是否混淆。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Is the Source Reliable?
这个来源可靠吗？
本课真实任务
核查一条快速传播的帖子，追溯原始来源并作出有依据的可信度判断。
- 我能检查作者、日期、证据、方法、利益关系和交叉印证。
- 我能把“来源不完美”与“主张必然错误”区分开。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 本提案旨在解决……
核对
This proposal addresses ... — This proposal addresses rising travel costs. - 我们建议开展……试点。
核对
We recommend a ... pilot. — We recommend a three-month pilot. - 成效将通过……衡量。
核对
Success will be measured by ... — Success will be measured by use and cost.
2进入情境
社区群里流传一条“下月全面禁车”的截图，事实核查员需要在转发前验证。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EditorWhere did the claim about a car ban originate?全面禁车的说法源自哪里？
RinaMost posts link to a blog, but the blog cites an unnamed council source.大多数帖子链接到博客，但博客引用匿名议会消息源。
EditorCan we trace it to a primary document?能追溯到一手文件吗？
RinaThe council agenda mentions a weekend pilot, not a permanent ban.议会议程提到周末试行，并非永久禁令。
EditorHas another independent source confirmed that reading?有独立来源确认这种解读吗？
RinaYes. The transport department published the same pilot dates.有。交通部门发布了相同试行日期。
EditorThen correct the claim and link both primary sources.那就纠正该说法，并链接两份一手来源。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
trace the claim back to ...把主张追溯到……Trace the claim back to the original report.
a primary source一手来源The council agenda is a primary source.
an unnamed source未具名消息源The article relies on an unnamed source.
taken out of context脱离语境The quotation was taken out of context.
corroborate the claim交叉印证该主张No independent source corroborates the claim.
a conflict of interest利益冲突The funding creates a possible conflict of interest.
a red flag警示信号The missing author is a red flag.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：报告动词的立场强度
claim、suggest、report、confirm、deny 等动词传达不同证据状态；选择动词时不要把未经证实的说法写成事实。
来源 + claim/suggest/report/confirm/deny + that 从句
- The blog claims that all cars will be banned.博客声称所有汽车将被禁止。
- The agenda suggests that a trial is planned.议程表明计划进行试行。
- The department confirmed that the dates were correct.部门确认日期正确。
小心中文直译claims 不自动表示主张虚假，只表示来源作出该陈述；是否可信仍需看证据。
5发音实验：中性核查语调
核查问题使用中性、稳定语调，避免用讽刺重音预先宣布结论。
Where did the claim ORIGINATE?Can we trace it to a PRIMARY source?Has anyone INDEPENDENTLY confirmed it?The document mentions a PILOT, not a permanent ban.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Health Story with Missing Steps
An article states that a new drink cuts stress by 40 percent. It links to a company press release, which refers to an unpublished study of thirty employees. The article names no independent expert and does not explain how stress was measured. The company that sells the drink also funded the study. None of these facts proves that the result is false, but each limits confidence. A responsible report would locate the full study, examine the comparison group and measurement method, disclose the funding relationship, and seek independent comment. Until then, the strongest justified wording is that the company reports a preliminary finding, not that the drink has been proven effective.
中文意义支持
一篇文章称某新饮料可将压力降低40%。它链接到公司新闻稿，新闻稿提及一项尚未发表、只有30名员工参与的研究。文章没有独立专家，也未解释压力如何测量。销售饮料的公司还资助了研究。这些事实不能证明结果必然虚假，但都会降低可信度。负责任的报道应找到完整研究、检查对照组和测量方法、披露资助关系并寻求独立评论。在此之前，最有依据的表述是公司报告了一项初步发现，而非饮料已被证明有效。
读听任务
1. Which factors limit confidence in the claim?
The study is unpublished and small, methods are unclear, funding is conflicted, and no independent expert is quoted.
2. What is the strongest justified conclusion?
The company reports a preliminary finding; effectiveness has not been proven.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用两分钟评估一个来源：主张、原始出处、支持证据、警示信号和暂定结论。
- The source claims that [claim].
- Its evidence comes from [origin], while [limitation].
- I would rate it [level] because [reason], pending [needed evidence].
参考示范，不要背稿
The article claims that the drink cuts stress by 40 percent. Its evidence comes from a company-funded unpublished study, and the method is unclear. I would rate the claim as unverified pending the full study and independent analysis.
写作迁移
写一份150词事实核查卡，附可验证链接类型和结论等级。
参考文本与自查
Claim: The city will permanently ban cars next month. Origin: a blog citing an unnamed source. Primary evidence: the council agenda and transport notice describe only a weekend pilot. Corroboration: both official documents give the same dates. Verdict: misleading. The post turns a temporary pilot into a permanent ban. Readers should consult the linked agenda and notice.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示可信度不是“我喜欢这个来源”或“它来自某国”。同一标准应尽量一致地用于支持和反对自己观点的材料。
本课毕业任务选择一条公共主张，完成来源链图：首次看到的位置、原始材料、独立印证、利益关系和最终评级。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Synthesizing Two Texts
综合两篇材料
本课真实任务
把两份立场和证据不同的材料组织成按主题比较的综合结论，而非两段独立摘要。
- 我能识别两份材料的共识、差异和互补证据。
- 我能用比较连接语形成自己的综合判断。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 把主张追溯到……
核对
trace the claim back to ... — Trace the claim back to the original report. - 一手来源
核对
a primary source — The council agenda is a primary source. - 未具名消息源
核对
an unnamed source — The article relies on an unnamed source.
2进入情境
团队阅读两份关于四天工作制的材料，为管理层准备平衡简报。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AriSource A reports higher satisfaction during a six-month trial.材料A报告六个月试行中满意度提高。
BeaSource B agrees on satisfaction but questions the productivity measure.材料B同意满意度结果，但质疑生产力指标。
AriSo both sources identify a wellbeing benefit.所以两份材料都指出福祉益处。
BeaYes, whereas only Source A claims productivity improved.是的，但只有A声称生产力提高。
AriTaken together, they support further testing, not an immediate permanent policy.综合来看，它们支持继续测试，而非立即永久实施。
BeaLet's organize the brief by wellbeing, productivity, and limitations.按福祉、生产力和局限来组织简报吧。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Both sources agree that ...两份来源都同意……Both sources agree that satisfaction rose.
Source A focuses on ..., whereas B ...A关注……，而B……A focuses on outcomes, whereas B examines methods.
The sources diverge on ...来源在……上有分歧The sources diverge on productivity.
Source B qualifies this claim by ...B通过……限制该主张B qualifies the claim by noting missing controls.
Taken together ...综合来看……Taken together, the findings justify a larger trial.
A common limitation is ...共同局限是……A common limitation is the short period.
The evidence cannot be fully reconciled because ...证据无法完全协调，因为……The measures differ across the studies.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：比较与对照：whereas、while、unlike
whereas/while 连接两个完整分句；unlike 后接名词。综合写作应围绕主题比较，而非先讲完A再讲B。
分句, whereas/while + 分句；Unlike + 名词, 分句
- Source A measures output, whereas Source B measures hours.A测量产出，而B测量工时。
- While both report higher satisfaction, only A reports higher sales.两者都报告满意度提高，但只有A报告销售提高。
- Unlike Source A, Source B includes a comparison group.与A不同，B包含对照组。
小心中文直译unlike 后不能直接接完整分句；说 Unlike Source A，不说 Unlike Source A reports sales。
5发音实验：对照信息的平行节奏
对比两项时使用相似节奏，并把重音放在不同点上。
Both report higher SATISFACTION.Source A measures OUTPUT, whereas B measures HOURS.Unlike Source A, / Source B includes a CONTROL group.Taken TOGETHER, / the evidence supports a larger trial.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Two Views of a Four-Day Week
Source A describes a company trial in which staff worked four longer days for six months. Satisfaction rose, sick leave fell, and managers reported that output remained stable. Source B reviews several trials and warns that “productivity” is often measured by managers rather than independent data. It also notes that compressed hours may be difficult for carers and service teams. Both sources suggest that shorter workweeks can improve wellbeing. However, they differ on how confidently productivity gains can be claimed. Taken together, the evidence supports carefully designed trials with role-specific options, independent measures, and attention to workers who may be disadvantaged by longer days.
中文意义支持
材料A描述一家公司为期六个月的试行：员工用四个更长工作日完成工作。满意度提高、病假减少，经理报告产出保持稳定。材料B审查多项试行并提醒，“生产力”常由经理而非独立数据衡量；压缩工时也可能给照护者和服务团队带来困难。两份材料都表明缩短工作周可改善福祉，但对生产力提升的把握不同。综合来看，证据支持谨慎设计试行，提供岗位差异化选择、独立指标，并关注可能因长工作日处于不利地位的人。
读听任务
1. Where do the two sources agree?
Both suggest that a shorter workweek can improve wellbeing.
2. How does Source B qualify Source A's productivity claim?
It questions manager-reported measures and notes that compressed hours affect roles differently.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用两分钟综合两份材料：共识、一个关键差异、方法局限和综合建议。
- Both sources agree that [common ground].
- Source A [claim], whereas Source B [qualification].
- Taken together, the evidence supports [judgment], subject to [limit].
参考示范，不要背稿
Both sources link a four-day week with higher wellbeing. Source A reports stable output, whereas Source B questions how productivity was measured. Taken together, they support role-sensitive trials with independent measures.
写作迁移
写180词双来源综合，按两个主题组织，每段都提及两份材料。
参考文本与自查
Both sources present improved wellbeing as the strongest outcome. Source A reports higher satisfaction and lower sick leave, while Source B finds a similar pattern across several trials. Productivity is less certain. A reports stable output, whereas B questions manager-based measures and notes unequal effects across roles. Taken together, the evidence supports further trials, provided that results are independently measured and workers can choose role-appropriate schedules.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示综合并不要求把两个来源当成同等质量。应公平呈现观点，同时明确方法差异为何影响权重。
本课毕业任务选择两篇同题材料，制作共识—分歧—方法—缺口矩阵，再把矩阵转成一段口头综合和两段书面综合。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Interviews and Podcasts
访谈与播客
本课真实任务
分析一段剪辑访谈，追问证据、识别叙事选择，并制作准确透明的播客片段。
- 我能提出开放追问，让受访者说明例子、证据和限制。
- 我能识别剪辑、主持语气和问题框架如何影响听众理解。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 两份来源都同意……
核对
Both sources agree that ... — Both sources agree that satisfaction rose. - A关注……，而B……
核对
Source A focuses on ..., whereas B ... — A focuses on outcomes, whereas B examines methods. - 来源在……上有分歧
核对
The sources diverge on ... — The sources diverge on productivity.
2进入情境
播客团队采访一家社区花园负责人，并讨论哪些片段应保留。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HostYou said the garden transformed the neighborhood. Could you walk us through one concrete change?你说花园改变了社区，能具体讲一个变化吗？
GuestBefore it opened, few residents used the empty lot. Now about eighty people visit each week.开放前很少有人使用空地。现在每周约八十人来。
ProducerWhat makes you confident that the garden caused that change?什么让你确信是花园造成变化？
GuestI can't prove it caused every change, but visitor logs and interviews show a strong connection.不能证明它造成所有变化，但访客记录和访谈显示很强联系。
HostTo put that in context, were any other projects launched nearby?作为背景，附近同期有其他项目吗？
GuestYes, a new playground opened, so we should mention that.有，新游乐场也开放了，所以应该提到。
ProducerWe'll keep that qualification in the final edit.最终剪辑会保留这个限定。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Could you walk us through ...?你能详细讲讲……吗？Could you walk us through one example?
What makes you say that?什么让你这样说？What makes you say that use has doubled?
To put that in context ...补充背景……To put that in context, the sample was small.
If I understand you correctly ...如果我理解正确……If I understand you correctly, the change was gradual.
That's not quite what I meant.那不完全是我的意思。That's not quite what I meant; the result was mixed.
edited for length因时长而剪辑This interview was edited for length.
a leading question诱导性问题That wording turns it into a leading question.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：转述问题与观点
转述访谈内容时使用 asked whether/why/how 和 said that；间接问句采用陈述语序，时态可根据时间关系后移。
asked + whether/疑问词 + 主语 + 动词；said/explained + that 从句
- The host asked whether other projects had opened.主持人问是否有其他项目开放。
- The guest explained that visitor numbers had risen.嘉宾解释访客数已经上升。
- The producer asked why she believed the garden had caused the change.制作人问她为何认为花园造成变化。
小心中文直译转述问题不保留直接问句语序：asked why she believed，不说 asked why did she believe。
5发音实验：追问中的好奇语调与态度线索
开放追问保持稳定、好奇的语调；过强下降或讽刺重音可能让问题听成质问。
Could you walk us through ONE example?What makes you SAY that?To put that in CONTEXT, / was anything else changing?That's not QUITE what I meant.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Story Created in the Edit
A podcast interviewed six shop owners about a new street design. Four described mixed results, one was strongly positive, and one was strongly negative. The final episode opened with the negative owner, repeated his most emotional sentence in the trailer, and included only short extracts from the mixed interviews. Every quotation was authentic, yet the episode gave the impression of overwhelming opposition. Editing always requires selection, but transparency and proportion matter. Producers can explain how participants were chosen, retain qualifications that change meaning, link a fuller transcript, and avoid promotional clips that exaggerate the balance of evidence.
中文意义支持
某播客采访六位店主，讨论新街道设计。四人认为结果有好有坏，一人强烈支持，一人强烈反对。最终节目以反对者开场，在预告中重复他最情绪化的一句，却只保留混合观点的短片段。每句引语都真实，但节目造成压倒性反对的印象。剪辑必然需要选择，但透明度和比例很重要。制作人可说明参与者如何选择、保留改变意义的限定、链接完整文字稿，并避免用宣传片夸大证据平衡。
读听任务
1. How did the edit create a misleading impression without inventing quotations?
It emphasized the negative voice and minimized the four mixed interviews.
2. What practices could make the episode more transparent?
Explain sampling, retain meaningful qualifications, link a transcript, and use proportionate promotional clips.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
进行五分钟访谈：提出一个主问题、三个证据追问、一次释义确认和一次限制追问。
- Could you walk us through [example]?
- What makes you say that [claim]?
- If I understand correctly, [paraphrase]. What limitation should listeners know?
参考示范，不要背稿
Could you walk us through one change? What makes you say the garden caused it? If I understand correctly, visits rose, but a playground opened too. What limitation should listeners know?
写作迁移
写一份120词节目说明，披露选择、剪辑、证据和文字稿安排。
参考文本与自查
This episode draws on interviews with six local shop owners selected from two streets. Extracts were edited for length and clarity, but qualifications affecting meaning were retained. The trailer represents positive, negative, and mixed views. Visitor data discussed in the episode are linked below, together with the full transcript. The interviews illustrate experience and do not by themselves represent every business.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示访谈中的沉默、眼神和打断规范不同。提前说明用途、取得同意并允许受访者纠正事实，是比追求“精彩片段”更重要的伦理基础。
本课毕业任务制作三分钟迷你播客及完整文字稿；同伴比较原访谈与剪辑版，标记任何改变证据权重或说话者本意的地方。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Research Brief
研究简报
本课真实任务
把多来源材料压缩成决策者可快速使用的研究简报，明确发现、分歧、局限和建议。
- 我能按决策问题筛选并综合多种来源。
- 我能把建议与证据强度对应，并指出仍需补充的信息。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你能详细讲讲……吗？
核对
Could you walk us through ...? — Could you walk us through one example? - 什么让你这样说？
核对
What makes you say that? — What makes you say that use has doubled? - 补充背景……
核对
To put that in context ... — To put that in context, the sample was small.
2进入情境
学校委员会要求团队在一页内评估是否推迟中学上课时间。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairWhat question should the brief answer?简报应回答什么问题？
NoahWhether a later start is likely to improve attendance and wellbeing without disrupting transport.推迟上课是否可能改善出勤和福祉且不扰乱交通。
ChairWhat is the most consistent finding across the sources?各来源最一致的发现是什么？
NoahSleep duration improves, while evidence on grades is mixed.睡眠时长改善，而成绩证据不一致。
ChairAnd the main implementation risk?主要实施风险呢？
NoahBus schedules and after-school care. Neither was tested locally.公交时刻和课后照护。两者都未在本地测试。
ChairThen recommend a pilot with those risks measured.那就建议开展试点并测量这些风险。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
This brief examines ...本简报评估……This brief examines a later school start.
Across the sources ...综合各来源……Across the sources, sleep improves consistently.
A consistent finding is ...一致发现是……A consistent finding is higher attendance.
The evidence is mixed on ...关于……证据不一致The evidence is mixed on grades.
A key limitation is ...关键局限是……A key limitation is the lack of local data.
On the available evidence ...根据现有证据……On the available evidence, a pilot is justified.
The decision should be revisited if ...若……应重新审议决定The decision should be revisited if attendance falls.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：分词结构压缩正式信息
现在分词可压缩主动关系，过去分词可压缩被动关系；省略后的逻辑主语必须与主句一致。
V-ing ..., 主句；过去分词短语 ..., 主句
- Drawing on three studies, the brief identifies a consistent sleep benefit.基于三项研究，简报发现一致的睡眠益处。
- Conducted in urban schools, the trial may not apply to rural areas.该试验在城市学校进行，未必适用于农村。
- Recognizing the transport risk, the team recommends a local pilot.考虑到交通风险，团队建议本地试行。
小心中文直译避免悬垂分词：Reviewing the evidence, the policy was changed 错在 policy 不能主动 review；应写 the committee changed the policy。
5发音实验：简报陈述的层级重音
重读 finding、however、limitation、recommendation 等结构词，并在每层之间停顿。
The MOST CONSISTENT finding / concerns sleep.HOWEVER, / evidence on grades is MIXED.A KEY LIMITATION / is the lack of local data.We therefore recommend / a ONE-TERM PILOT.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Brief: Later School Start Times
This brief examines whether the district should move secondary-school start times from 7:45 to 8:30. Across two controlled studies and one regional survey, students starting later slept longer and reported less daytime fatigue. Attendance improved modestly in two sources, while evidence on academic grades was mixed. None of the studies tested the district's rural bus network or after-school care capacity. On the available evidence, a one-term pilot at two schools is justified. The district should measure sleep, attendance, punctuality, transport cost, and family impact, then compare results with two similar schools retaining the current schedule.
中文意义支持
本简报评估学区是否应把中学上课时间从7:45推迟到8:30。综合两项对照研究和一项区域调查，晚开课学生睡眠更长，白天疲劳更少。两份来源中出勤略有改善，但成绩证据不一致。没有研究测试本学区农村公交或课后照护能力。根据现有证据，可在两所学校开展一学期试点。学区应测量睡眠、出勤、准时、交通成本和家庭影响，并与两所保持原时刻的类似学校比较。
读听任务
1. Which finding is most consistent across the sources?
Students starting later slept longer and reported less daytime fatigue.
2. Why does the brief recommend a pilot rather than district-wide adoption?
Local transport and care effects are untested, and evidence on grades is mixed.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
做三分钟决策简报：问题、证据基础、一致发现、分歧、局限和建议。
- This brief examines whether [decision question].
- Across the sources, [consistent finding], while evidence on [issue] is mixed.
- On the available evidence, we recommend [action], measuring [indicators].
参考示范，不要背稿
This brief examines a later school start. Across the sources, sleep improves consistently, while evidence on grades is mixed. Because local transport effects are unknown, we recommend a one-term controlled pilot measuring attendance, cost, and family impact.
写作迁移
写一页200词研究简报，使用标题：问题、证据、发现、局限、建议。
参考文本与自查
Question: Should two schools pilot an 8:30 start? Evidence: two controlled studies and one regional survey. Findings: Later starts consistently increased sleep and reduced fatigue; attendance improved modestly, while grade effects were mixed. Limitations: No source tested local rural transport or care capacity. Recommendation: Run a one-term pilot at two schools, compare with two similar schools, and measure sleep, attendance, punctuality, transport cost, and family impact before any wider decision.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示简报面向决策者不等于替决策者隐藏复杂性。清楚呈现不确定性、受影响群体和可逆方案，能提高决策质量。
本课毕业任务选择两至三份同题来源，制作一页研究简报和三分钟口头汇报；同伴用可追溯性检查每个关键句能否回到来源。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Climate Choices
气候选择与公平权衡
本课真实任务
在社区气候听证会上比较三种适应方案，说明成本、受益者、风险和公平影响。
- 我能解释气候方案的复杂权衡，而不是把问题简化成赞成或反对。
- 我能承认反方合理关切，同时用证据维护自己的建议。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 本简报评估……
核对
This brief examines ... — This brief examines a later school start. - 综合各来源……
核对
Across the sources ... — Across the sources, sleep improves consistently. - 一致发现是……
核对
A consistent finding is ... — A consistent finding is higher attendance.
2进入情境
沿海城市委员会讨论应优先修建海堤、恢复湿地，还是帮助高风险住户搬迁。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairWe cannot fund all three options this year, so we need a clear priority.今年我们无法资助全部三种方案，因此必须明确优先项。
LinaAlthough a sea wall offers visible protection, it may shift flooding further along the coast.海堤虽然能提供明显保护，却可能把洪水风险转移到更远的海岸。
MarcusWetland restoration is slower, but it protects wildlife as well as homes.湿地恢复较慢，但它既保护野生动物，也保护住宅。
AshaWhat happens to tenants who cannot wait ten years for those benefits?那些无法等待十年才受益的租户怎么办？
LinaThat is a fair concern. I propose immediate grants for vulnerable households alongside wetland restoration.这是合理的担忧。我建议在恢复湿地的同时，立即向脆弱家庭提供补助。
ChairSo the combined option costs more initially, yet spreads protection more fairly.所以组合方案初期成本更高，但能更公平地分配保护。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Although ..., ...虽然……，但是……Although the wall is effective, it is expensive.
That is a fair concern.这是合理的担忧。That is a fair concern, especially for tenants.
The trade-off is ...权衡之处在于……The trade-off is speed versus long-term resilience.
benefit at the expense of以牺牲……为代价而受益One district should not benefit at the expense of another.
alongside与……同时/并行Offer grants alongside wetland restoration.
spread the risk分散风险A mixed strategy can spread the risk.
on balance综合考虑On balance, the combined plan is stronger.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：让步与对照从句
用 although/even though 承认与主张相反的事实；用 while/whereas 并列对照两种情况。让步不是放弃立场，而是提升论证精度。
Although/Even though + 从句, 主句；主句, while/whereas + 对照从句
- Although the wall works quickly, it may move the risk elsewhere.海堤虽然见效快，却可能把风险转移到别处。
- Wetlands take time, whereas relocation can reduce exposure immediately.湿地需要时间，而搬迁可以立即降低暴露风险。
- Even though the combined plan costs more, it protects more groups.组合方案即使成本更高，也能保护更多群体。
小心中文直译although 不与 but 在同一结构中重复使用；说 Although it costs more, it is fairer，而不是 Although ... but ...
5发音实验：对比重音：突出权衡的两端
在对比项上放重音，并在转折词前后分意群，让听众听清你承认什么、主张什么。
It is FASTER, but LESS fair.Although the COST is higher / the BENEFIT is broader.Wetlands protect HOMES as well as WILDLIFE.On BALANCE / the mixed plan is stronger.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：One Coast, Three Kinds of Protection
Bayhaven faces higher tides and stronger storms. Engineers proposed a concrete sea wall for the business district, while ecologists supported restoring wetlands across the bay. Residents of a low-income housing area argued that neither plan would protect them soon enough. The council eventually combined the options: it funded a shorter wall around essential services, began wetland restoration, and offered voluntary relocation grants to the most exposed households. The plan was more expensive at first, but an independent review found that it reduced immediate danger without placing all long-term risk on one neighborhood.
中文意义支持
Bayhaven 面临更高的潮位和更强的风暴。工程师提议为商业区修建混凝土海堤，生态学家则支持恢复海湾湿地。低收入住宅区居民认为，两种方案都无法足够快地保护他们。委员会最终组合了这些选择：为关键服务设施修建较短海堤、启动湿地恢复，并向风险最高的家庭提供自愿搬迁补助。该计划初期成本更高，但独立审查发现，它既降低了眼前危险，也没有把所有长期风险压在一个社区身上。
读听任务
1. Why did residents reject the original two-way choice?
They believed neither the sea wall nor wetland restoration would protect their neighborhood soon enough.
2. What made the combined plan fairer?
It addressed immediate exposure, long-term resilience, and the needs of more than one neighborhood.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
使用成本、速度、公平和生态四张证据卡，做三分钟听证陈述并回应一次质疑。
- Although [option] offers [benefit], it may [risk].
- That is a fair concern; I would address it by [action].
- On balance, I recommend [option] because [reason].
参考示范，不要背稿
Although a full sea wall offers rapid protection, it may shift flooding to another district. That is a fair concern for residents who need help now, so I would pair wetland restoration with immediate household grants. On balance, the combined option distributes risk more fairly.
写作迁移
写一份 170—210 词委员会建议，比较至少两种方案、承认一个反论点并提出公平保障。
参考文本与自查
I recommend a combined adaptation plan rather than a single large sea wall. Although a wall can protect essential services quickly, extending it across the entire coast would be costly and might redirect flooding. Wetland restoration is slower, whereas its benefits are broader and more durable. The strongest objection is that highly exposed households need protection now. That concern should be addressed through voluntary relocation grants and temporary flood-proofing support. On balance, the combined plan costs more initially but reduces immediate harm, supports long-term resilience, and avoids protecting one district at another's expense.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示全球议题中的“公平”可能指平均分配、优先帮助最脆弱者或让污染者承担成本。讨论前先说明采用哪一种公平原则。
本课毕业任务为一个虚构沿海城市制作方案矩阵和听证录音；邀请同伴从受影响居民角度审查谁受益、谁承担风险、谁没有被听见。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Public Health and Trust
公共健康与信任
本课真实任务
把不确定的健康证据转化为清楚、诚实且可行动的公众信息。
- 我能区分已知、可能和未知，不把相关性说成确定因果。
- 我能用平实语言说明风险，并回应公众对证据和机构的疑问。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 虽然……，但是……
核对
Although ..., ... — Although the wall is effective, it is expensive. - 这是合理的担忧。
核对
That is a fair concern. — That is a fair concern, especially for tenants. - 权衡之处在于……
核对
The trade-off is ... — The trade-off is speed versus long-term resilience.
2进入情境
地方卫生团队准备解释某社区胃病病例增加的初步调查结果。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
DirectorWe have confirmed an increase in cases, but we have not identified a single cause.我们已确认病例增加，但尚未确定单一原因。
SamShould the notice mention the restaurant cluster?通知中应提到餐馆聚集病例吗？
DirectorYes, but say it may be linked; the investigation is still ongoing.应该，但要说可能有关；调查仍在进行。
MiraPeople will want to know what they can do tonight.公众会想知道今晚能做什么。
DirectorRecommend handwashing and safe food storage, and explain when to seek medical help.建议洗手和安全储存食物，并说明何时需要就医。
SamWe should also give a time for the next update, even if the conclusion is unchanged.我们也应给出下次更新时间，即使结论没有变化。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
The evidence currently suggests ...现有证据表明……The evidence currently suggests a local cluster.
may be linked to可能与……有关The cases may be linked to food handling.
We have not yet established ...我们尚未确定……We have not yet established the source.
What we know so far is ...目前已知的是……What we know so far is that cases have increased.
As a precaution ...作为预防措施……As a precaution, wash your hands carefully.
seek medical advice寻求医疗建议Seek medical advice if symptoms become severe.
We will update you by ...我们将在……前更新信息We will update you by Friday afternoon.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：概率情态词与谨慎断言
may/might/could 表示可能性，is likely to 表示较高概率，cannot rule out 表示仍不能排除。选择强度应与证据强度一致。
主语 + may/might/could + 动词原形；be likely/unlikely to + 动词；cannot rule out + 名词
- The cases may be linked to one event.这些病例可能与一次活动有关。
- The number is likely to change as reports arrive.随着报告到来，数字很可能变化。
- Investigators cannot rule out a second source.调查人员不能排除第二个来源。
小心中文直译may have caused 不等于 caused。面向公众时不要用肯定语气包装初步结果，也不要用模糊语言回避已经确认的事实。
5发音实验：用语调区分确定信息与谨慎判断
已确认事实用稳定下降调；不确定判断略放慢，并清晰重读 may、likely、not yet 等范围词。
We HAVE confirmed an increase.It MAY be linked to one event.We have NOT YET found the source.The advice is UNCHANGED.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Trust Grew While Certainty Shrunk
During a water-quality alert, officials first issued a confident statement blaming a damaged pipe. Later tests suggested several possible sources, and the correction caused public anger. A new communication team changed its approach. Each update separated confirmed facts, working hypotheses, and unanswered questions. It explained what residents should do, why the advice was proportionate, and when new results would appear. The team also published corrections in the same place as the original claim. Surveys showed that trust recovered gradually, not because uncertainty disappeared, but because officials described it consistently and acted transparently when evidence changed.
中文意义支持
一次水质警报期间，官员最初自信地把问题归咎于破损管道。后续检测提示有多个可能来源，修正信息引发公众愤怒。新的沟通团队改变了方法。每次更新都把已确认事实、工作假设和未解问题分开，解释居民应做什么、为何建议与风险相称，以及何时会有新结果。团队还在原声明所在位置发布更正。调查显示，信任逐渐恢复，不是因为不确定性消失了，而是因为官员始终如一地描述不确定性，并在证据变化时透明行动。
读听任务
1. Why did the original correction damage trust?
Officials had presented an early explanation with more certainty than the evidence supported.
2. What helped trust recover?
Officials separated fact from hypothesis, gave actionable advice and update times, and corrected claims transparently.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
把一份含初步数据和未知项的调查简报转述为两分钟公众更新，并回答三个追问。
- What we know so far is [confirmed fact].
- The evidence suggests [possibility], but we have not yet established [unknown].
- As a precaution, [action], and we will update you by [time].
参考示范，不要背稿
What we know so far is that reported cases increased this week. The evidence suggests a possible link to one event, but we have not yet established the source. As a precaution, follow safe food-handling advice and seek help for severe symptoms. We will update you by Friday afternoon.
写作迁移
写一份 160—200 词公共健康更新，分成“已知、未知、现在该做什么、下次更新”四部分。
参考文本与自查
Confirmed: Twenty-six cases have been reported since Monday, most within one district. Possible explanation: Several patients attended the same event, so investigators are examining a potential link. This does not yet establish the source, and a second source cannot be ruled out. Action: Residents should wash hands carefully, store food safely, and seek medical advice if symptoms are severe or persistent. Update: Sampling and interviews are continuing. We will publish the next update by 4 p.m. Friday, even if the central advice remains unchanged.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示风险沟通中的信任不仅取决于用词，还取决于机构过去是否兑现更新时间、承认错误并让弱势群体获得同等信息。
本课毕业任务设计一页双语风险更新和记者问答表；让同伴标出所有确定、概率和未知表达，检查其强度是否与证据匹配。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Migration and Belonging
迁移、身份与归属
本课真实任务
围绕迁移经历展开尊重的访谈，呈现个人能动性而非把人简化成标签。
- 我能就身份、语言和归属提出开放而不冒犯的追问。
- 我能综合个人经历与结构性背景，同时避免过度概括整个群体。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 现有证据表明……
核对
The evidence currently suggests ... — The evidence currently suggests a local cluster. - 可能与……有关
核对
may be linked to — The cases may be linked to food handling. - 我们尚未确定……
核对
We have not yet established ... — We have not yet established the source.
2进入情境
社区电台主持人采访一名搬到新城市后创建邻里花园的居民。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HostWhat helped you feel that this city could become home?什么让你觉得这座城市可以成为家？
NadiaJoining the garden gave me a role, not just a service to receive.加入花园让我有了角色，而不只是接受服务的人。
HostWas language the main barrier at first?语言是最初的主要障碍吗？
NadiaIt was one barrier, but finding affordable childcare was more urgent.语言是一项障碍，但找到负担得起的托儿服务更紧迫。
HostHow would you like people to describe your experience?你希望人们如何描述你的经历？
NadiaAs one person's story. Other newcomers may share parts of it, but not all of it.把它看作一个人的故事。其他新来者可能有部分相似，但不会完全相同。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
What helped you feel ...?什么帮助你感到……？What helped you feel welcome?
not just ..., but ...不只是……，而且……It gave me not just support, but a role.
one barrier among several若干障碍之一Language was one barrier among several.
I can only speak for myself.我只能代表自己。I can only speak for myself, not every newcomer.
avoid treating ... as ...避免把……视为……Avoid treating a community as one voice.
a sense of belonging归属感The project created a sense of belonging.
share parts of the experience经历中有部分相似Others may share parts of the experience.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：分词从句补充背景
现在分词从句可压缩同时或原因背景，过去分词从句可补充被动经历。分词从句的隐含主语必须与主句主语一致。
V-ing ..., 主语 + 动词；Past participle ..., 主语 + 动词
- Moving to a new city, Nadia looked for ways to contribute.搬到新城市后，Nadia 寻找作出贡献的方式。
- Working in the garden, she met neighbors naturally.在花园劳动时，她自然地认识了邻居。
- Invited to lead a workshop, she felt her skills were valued.受邀主持工作坊后，她感到自己的技能受到重视。
小心中文直译避免悬垂分词：Moving to the city, childcare was difficult 错在 childcare 不是搬家者；应明确 Nadia moved ...
5发音实验：陌生姓名与地名的尊重性确认
不要假装听懂。先尝试复述，再用 Did I say that correctly? 邀请对方纠正，重音放在名字本身。
Could you say your name once more?Na-DI-a — did I say that correctly?How do you prefer the place name to be pronounced?Thank you for correcting me.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Library Built With, Not For
When many new families arrived in Westfield, the library planned an orientation program. Its first draft focused on explaining rules and services. Before launching it, staff invited residents to redesign the sessions. Parents asked for evening times and childcare, while teenagers proposed a multilingual media club. Several residents offered to lead activities themselves. Attendance later exceeded expectations, but the deeper change was institutional: the library stopped viewing newcomers only as people with needs and began recognizing them as partners with knowledge. No single participant represented every migrant experience, so the program kept several feedback routes open.
中文意义支持
许多新家庭来到 Westfield 后，图书馆计划开展迎新项目。第一版主要讲解规则和服务。正式启动前，工作人员邀请居民共同重新设计。家长要求晚间时段和托儿服务，青少年提出多语媒体俱乐部，几位居民还主动提出带领活动。后来出席人数超过预期，但更深层的变化发生在机构本身：图书馆不再只把新来者看成有需求的人，而开始把他们视为拥有知识的合作伙伴。没有任何一位参与者能代表所有迁移经历，因此项目保留了多种反馈渠道。
读听任务
1. How did residents change the program?
They changed timing and access, proposed a media club, and led activities themselves.
2. What was the deeper institutional change?
The library began treating newcomers as knowledgeable partners rather than only service recipients.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
进行五分钟经历访谈：先征得同意，提出四个开放问题，并用一次复述确认你没有误解。
- Would you be comfortable talking about [topic]?
- What helped you [experience], and what made it harder?
- If I understand you correctly, [summary]. Is that accurate?
参考示范，不要背稿
Would you be comfortable talking about belonging? What helped you feel involved, and what made it harder? If I understand you correctly, the garden mattered because you could contribute rather than only receive help. Is that accurate?
写作迁移
根据访谈笔记写 180—220 词人物小稿，至少一次直接说明该经历不能代表所有人。
参考文本与自查
Nadia describes the community garden as a place where she could contribute immediately. Moving to Westfield, she faced several barriers, of which language was only one; affordable childcare was more urgent. Invited to teach a planting workshop, she felt that neighbors valued knowledge she already had. Her account should not be treated as a model for every newcomer. It does, however, show why participation can matter as much as access to services. Nadia's central point is simple: belonging grew when she was recognized as a partner, not merely as a recipient.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示身份词会随地区、历史和个人偏好变化。若某个标签与任务相关，解释为何需要并允许当事人自我描述；不相关时不必追问。
本课毕业任务与自愿参与者或虚构角色完成口述史小稿，附上同意说明、事实核对记录和一段“本故事不能代表什么”的编辑注。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Technology and the Future of Work
技术与工作的未来
本课真实任务
评估一项自动化提案对效率、岗位质量、偏差和责任的影响。
- 我能用条件情景讨论技术可能带来的不同结果。
- 我能区分任务自动化与岗位消失，并提出可监测的保障措施。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 什么帮助你感到……？
核对
What helped you feel ...? — What helped you feel welcome? - 不只是……，而且……
核对
not just ..., but ... — It gave me not just support, but a role. - 若干障碍之一
核对
one barrier among several — Language was one barrier among several.
2进入情境
医院管理团队考虑使用自动排班系统，员工代表要求先评估潜在影响。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ManagerThe system could reduce the time supervisors spend building schedules.该系统可以减少主管制定排班表的时间。
RaviThat would help, but what happens if it repeatedly gives unpopular shifts to the same staff?这会有帮助，但如果它反复把不受欢迎的班次分给同一批员工呢？
VendorSupervisors can override any recommendation.主管可以否决任何建议。
RaviIf overrides are difficult, people may accept unfair schedules simply to save time.如果否决操作很困难，人们可能只为省时间就接受不公平排班。
ManagerWhat safeguards would make a pilot acceptable?哪些保障措施能让试点可以接受？
RaviPublish the allocation rules, audit outcomes by group, and keep a clear human appeal process.公开分配规则，按群体审计结果，并保留清楚的人工申诉流程。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
automate a task自动化一项任务The tool automates a repetitive task.
replace a role取代一个岗位It does not necessarily replace the whole role.
What happens if ...?如果……会怎样？What happens if the data are incomplete?
human oversight人工监督High-risk decisions need human oversight.
override a recommendation否决系统建议A supervisor can override the recommendation.
audit outcomes审计结果The hospital should audit outcomes by group.
appeal a decision对决定提出申诉Staff must be able to appeal a decision.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：真实与假设条件句
第一条件句讨论现实可行的未来结果；第二条件句探索较假设或较不确定的情景。选择形式可显示你认为情景有多现实。
If + 一般现在时, will/can/may + 动词；If + 一般过去时, would/could + 动词
- If the pilot reveals bias, we will pause it.如果试点发现偏差，我们将暂停。
- If supervisors can override suggestions, the risk may fall.如果主管能否决建议，风险可能下降。
- If the system replaced all human review, staff would lose an appeal route.如果系统取代所有人工审核，员工将失去申诉渠道。
小心中文直译正式条件从句通常不用 will：说 If the pilot succeeds, we will expand it，不说 If it will succeed ...
5发音实验：条件句中的信息焦点
把重音放在条件的关键变量和结果上；在 if 从句后稍停顿，帮助听众跟踪情景。
If the DATA are incomplete / the result may be biased.If the pilot SUCCEEDS / we will expand it.If review disappeared / staff would lose an APPEAL route.The tool supports decisions; it does not REPLACE responsibility.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Pilot That Measured More Than Speed
A logistics company tested software that assigned delivery routes. During the first month, planning time fell by half and fuel use dropped slightly. Drivers, however, reported more unsafe turns and fewer rest opportunities on some routes. Instead of judging the pilot only by efficiency, the company added safety reports, break compliance, and route appeals to its measures. Engineers revised the system, and dispatchers retained authority to change routes. The second trial was slower than full automation would have been, but it produced better outcomes because workers could challenge recommendations and contribute local knowledge that the original data lacked.
中文意义支持
一家物流公司测试了自动分配配送路线的软件。第一个月，规划时间减少一半，燃油使用略有下降。然而，司机报告某些路线有更多不安全转弯，休息机会也更少。公司没有只按效率判断试点，而是加入安全报告、休息合规和路线申诉等指标。工程师修改系统，调度员保留更改路线的权力。第二轮试验比完全自动化更慢，却产生了更好的结果，因为员工可以质疑建议，并贡献原始数据缺少的本地知识。
读听任务
1. Why was efficiency alone an inadequate measure?
The system saved time but created safety and rest problems on some routes.
2. What improved the second trial?
Broader measures, worker appeals, local knowledge, system changes, and retained human authority.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
作为员工代表、管理者或供应商参加技术试点评审，提出两个条件情景和三项保障。
- The system could improve [benefit], but what happens if [risk]?
- If [real condition], we will/should [response].
- The pilot is acceptable provided that [safeguard].
参考示范，不要背稿
The system could reduce planning time, but what happens if incomplete data create unfair shifts? If the audit finds unequal outcomes, we should pause deployment. The pilot is acceptable provided that staff can appeal and supervisors retain final responsibility.
写作迁移
写一份 180—220 词试点条件说明，包含效益、风险、指标、人工责任和停止条件。
参考文本与自查
The scheduling tool should be tested for eight weeks rather than deployed across the hospital immediately. It may reduce administrative work and improve coverage. However, the pilot must measure schedule quality as well as speed. Outcomes should be audited by role, contract type, and shift preference. Staff need a simple way to challenge assignments, and a named supervisor must remain responsible for final schedules. If repeated group differences appear, or if appeals cannot be resolved within two working days, the pilot should pause. Automation is acceptable only when it supports accountable decisions rather than hiding them.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示社会对自动化、公平和隐私的法律要求变化很快。真实项目必须核对当地规则，并让受影响者参与指标和申诉流程设计。
本课毕业任务为一种工作场景制作技术影响登记表，分别记录受益、受损、未知和保障；举行红队评审后修订试点条件。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Designing Sustainable Cities
设计可持续城市
本课真实任务
调解居民、商户和交通部门的不同需求，提出可测试的街区改造方案。
- 我能把抽象的可持续目标转化为具体设计和衡量指标。
- 我能用情态被动语态提出政策行动，并明确责任与审查条件。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 自动化一项任务
核对
automate a task — The tool automates a repetitive task. - 取代一个岗位
核对
replace a role — It does not necessarily replace the whole role. - 如果……会怎样？
核对
What happens if ...? — What happens if the data are incomplete?
2进入情境
市政府讨论把一条商业街部分改造成步行和公交优先区域。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
PlannerThe proposal would remove through-traffic but keep delivery access before ten.提案将取消过境车流，但保留十点前的配送通道。
ShopkeeperFoot traffic may rise, yet customers with limited mobility still need access.步行客流可能增加，但行动不便的顾客仍需要通行。
ResidentCould two accessible drop-off points be added near the center?能否在中心附近增加两个无障碍上下客点？
PlannerYes, and their use could be reviewed after the first month.可以，并可在第一个月后审查使用情况。
ShopkeeperHow will we know whether the plan is working?我们如何知道方案是否有效？
PlannerWe will track sales, bus times, air quality, access complaints, and street use at different hours.我们将跟踪销售、公交时间、空气质量、无障碍投诉和不同时段的街道使用。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
be converted into被改造成……The street could be converted into a low-traffic zone.
retain access for为……保留通行Retain access for deliveries and emergency vehicles.
an accessible drop-off point无障碍上下客点Add an accessible drop-off point near the clinic.
How will success be measured?如何衡量成效？How will success be measured after six months?
at different times of day在一天的不同时段Observe the street at different times of day.
unintended consequences非预期后果The review should check unintended consequences.
be reviewed after在……后接受审查The trial should be reviewed after one month.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：政策建议中的情态被动语态
should/could/must + be + 过去分词能突出建议行动或规则。需要执行时仍应补充负责人，避免责任消失。
对象 + should/could/must + be + 过去分词 (+ by + 责任方)
- Two drop-off points should be added.应增加两个上下客点。
- Delivery access could be retained before ten.十点前可以保留配送通道。
- The results must be reviewed by an independent panel.结果必须由独立小组审查。
小心中文直译被动语态适合突出政策对象，但行动计划仍要回答 by whom 和 by when；否则句子正式却不可执行。
5发音实验：长政策句的意群切分
围绕核心动作分组，在条件、执行者和时间边界前短暂停顿，不要逐词平读。
Two drop-off points / should be added near the clinic.Delivery access / could be retained before ten.The results must be reviewed / by an independent panel.After six months / the trial should be revised or extended.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Street Changed Differently by the Hour
North Lane became a low-traffic street for a six-month trial. Early reports celebrated cleaner air and crowded weekend cafés. A closer review found a more complicated picture. Bus journeys became faster during the morning peak, and children used the new play space after school. However, evening workers felt less safe walking from a distant car park, while one side street received more delivery traffic. The council added lighting, moved a loading bay, and extended data collection beyond daytime counts. The trial continued because the city treated design as an adjustable process rather than proof that the first plan was perfect.
中文意义支持
North Lane 开展了为期六个月的低交通街道试点。早期报告称赞空气更清洁、周末咖啡馆更热闹。更深入的审查发现情况更复杂：早高峰公交更快，儿童放学后使用新游乐空间；但晚班员工从远处停车场步行时感到不安全，一条支路则承受了更多配送车流。委员会增加照明、移动装卸区，并把数据收集扩展到白天计数之外。试点得以继续，因为城市把设计视为可调整过程，而不是证明第一版方案完美。
读听任务
1. Which benefits appeared during the trial?
Air quality, bus speed, café activity, and children's use of public space improved.
2. Why did the council change its data collection?
Daytime counts missed safety concerns and traffic displacement at other times and places.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
调解一场街区设计圆桌会，最终提出包含可达性保障、五项指标和审查日期的试点。
- The area could be converted into [design], while access for [group] is retained.
- [Safeguard] should be added to address [risk].
- Success will be measured by [indicators] and reviewed after [period].
参考示范，不要背稿
The street could be converted into a weekend low-traffic zone while delivery access is retained before ten. Two accessible drop-off points should be added near the clinic. Success will be measured by air quality, travel time, sales, access complaints, and evening safety, then reviewed after three months.
写作迁移
写一份 190—230 词街区试点摘要，说明设计、利益相关者、保障、指标、责任人和复审条件。
参考文本与自查
We recommend a twelve-week low-traffic trial on Market Street. Through-traffic should be removed on weekends, while delivery and emergency access must be retained. Two accessible drop-off points should be installed by the transport department before launch. The city will measure bus travel time, local sales, air quality, pedestrian use, and complaints at different times of day. Evening safety must be reviewed separately from daytime activity. If traffic is displaced to residential roads, loading arrangements should be revised. A public panel will review the evidence after twelve weeks and decide whether the design should be extended, changed, or ended.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示“公共空间”并不意味着所有人以同样方式使用。儿童、残障人士、夜班员工、商户和送货人员都可能被常规白天咨询遗漏。
本课毕业任务绘制街区改造前后图，附利益相关者地图和指标表；由另一组扮演未被充分咨询的群体进行压力测试。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Following a Global Supply Chain
追踪全球供应链
本课真实任务
解释一件产品从原料到销售的链条，分析中断如何传播，并提出更具韧性的改进。
- 我能用清晰因果链解释全球系统中的连锁影响。
- 我能区分直接原因、促成条件和最终后果。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 被改造成……
核对
be converted into — The street could be converted into a low-traffic zone. - 为……保留通行
核对
retain access for — Retain access for deliveries and emergency vehicles. - 无障碍上下客点
核对
an accessible drop-off point — Add an accessible drop-off point near the clinic.
2进入情境
一家自行车公司调查为何一种关键零件短缺最终导致多个国家的维修延误。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MinaThe factory closure was the trigger, but it was not the only cause of the delay.工厂关闭是触发点，但并非延误的唯一原因。
OwenWhat made the disruption spread so widely?是什么让中断传播得如此广？
MinaWe relied on one supplier, and our safety stock had already been reduced.我们依赖单一供应商，而安全库存此前已经减少。
OwenThen port congestion added another three weeks.随后港口拥堵又增加了三周。
MinaExactly. As a result, repair centers used their remaining parts faster than expected.正是。因此，维修中心消耗剩余零件的速度超过预期。
OwenWe should diversify suppliers, but we also need to check labor and environmental standards.我们应增加供应商来源，但也要核查劳工和环境标准。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
the immediate trigger直接触发因素The closure was the immediate trigger.
a contributing factor促成因素Low stock was a contributing factor.
rely on a single supplier依赖单一供应商We relied on a single supplier.
create a bottleneck造成瓶颈The inspection created a bottleneck.
as a result因此As a result, repairs were delayed.
have a knock-on effect产生连锁影响The shortage had a knock-on effect on retailers.
build resilience增强韧性Multiple suppliers can build resilience.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：多层因果表达
because/because of 说明直接原因；contribute to 表示只是部分原因；lead to/result in 表示后果。选择动词能避免把复杂系统误写成单一因果。
because + 从句；because of/due to + 名词；X contributed to/led to/resulted in Y
- Production stopped because the factory lost power.工厂停电，因此生产停止。
- Shipping slowed because of port congestion.由于港口拥堵，运输放缓。
- Low safety stock contributed to the shortage.低安全库存促成了短缺。
小心中文直译due to 后接名词短语，不直接接完整句子；更重要的是，时间先后并不自动证明某一因素导致了结果。
5发音实验：复合名词重音：SUPPLY chain、SAFETY stock
英语复合名词常重读前一部分。先把关键词组作为一个单位练习，再放入较长因果句。
SUPPLY chainSAFETY stockPORT congestiona KNOCK-on effect
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Why One Missing Part Stopped Many Repairs
A small sensor used in electric bicycles was produced mainly at one factory. When flooding closed the site, manufacturers expected a short interruption. The effects lasted much longer. Several brands had reduced safety stock, shipping capacity was already limited, and an alternative sensor required fresh safety tests. Repair shops began saving parts for bicycles under warranty, leaving other customers waiting. The flood triggered the shortage, but concentrated production, low inventories, and slow approval processes amplified it. Companies later added regional suppliers and common design standards, while independent auditors checked whether rapid diversification weakened labor protections.
中文意义支持
电动自行车使用的一种小型传感器主要由一家工厂生产。洪水关闭工厂时，制造商原以为只是短暂中断，实际影响却持续更久。多个品牌此前减少了安全库存，运输能力已经受限，而替代传感器又需要重新进行安全测试。维修店开始把零件留给保修车辆，其他顾客只能等待。洪水触发了短缺，但生产集中、库存过低和审批缓慢放大了影响。企业后来增加区域供应商并采用通用设计标准，同时由独立审计员检查快速多元化是否削弱劳工保护。
读听任务
1. Why did the disruption last beyond the factory closure?
Low inventories, limited shipping, testing requirements, and concentrated production amplified the initial disruption.
2. What risk accompanied rapid supplier diversification?
New suppliers might not meet appropriate labor standards without independent checks.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用流程图解释一次供应中断：标出触发点、三个放大因素、两项后果和两项韧性措施。
- The immediate trigger was [event], but [factor] also contributed.
- [Cause] created a bottleneck, which led to [effect].
- To build resilience, [actor] should [action] while [safeguard].
参考示范，不要背稿
The flood was the immediate trigger, but low stock also contributed. Testing rules created a bottleneck, which led to repair delays. To build resilience, firms should add regional suppliers while independently checking labor standards.
写作迁移
写一份 180—220 词系统说明，禁止使用单一‘because’解释全部结果。
参考文本与自查
The factory closure triggered the sensor shortage, but it did not explain the duration of the disruption. Manufacturers had reduced safety stock, which meant repair centers had little protection against delay. Port congestion then created a transport bottleneck, while safety approval slowed the use of alternatives. These factors resulted in uneven access to parts: warranty repairs were prioritized and other riders waited. A more resilient system would combine regional suppliers, shared component standards, and larger reserves for critical parts. However, diversification should be accompanied by independent labor and environmental audits rather than treated as a reason to lower standards.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示供应链图表常隐藏原料工人、非正式劳动和废弃阶段。解释全球链条时，应主动问哪些环节没有出现在公司数据里。
本课毕业任务选择一种日常产品，绘制从原料到报废的链条；用两种颜色区分已验证事实和仍需调查的假设。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Telling What Really Happened
精准还原事件经过
本课真实任务
根据证词和时间记录重建一次突发事件，清楚区分背景、进行中动作和更早发生的原因。
- 我能协调一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时建立准确时间线。
- 我能在信息不一致时标明确定程度，而不是用故事连贯性填补空白。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 直接触发因素
核对
the immediate trigger — The closure was the immediate trigger. - 促成因素
核对
a contributing factor — Low stock was a contributing factor. - 依赖单一供应商
核对
rely on a single supplier — We relied on a single supplier.
2进入情境
车站停电后，安全团队采访乘客和工作人员，重建疏散过程。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
InvestigatorWhere were you when the lights went out?灯熄灭时你在哪里？
MaraI was waiting on platform two, and a train was entering the station.我在二号站台等车，一列火车正在进站。
InvestigatorHad any announcement been made before the outage?停电前有广播吗？
MaraYes. Staff had already asked people to step back from the edge.有。工作人员此前已经让大家远离站台边缘。
InvestigatorWhat happened next?接下来发生了什么？
MaraEmergency lights came on, and staff led us upstairs. I cannot say exactly how long it took.应急灯亮起，工作人员带我们上楼。我说不准用了多久。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
when the lights went out灯熄灭时I was reading when the lights went out.
at that point在那一刻At that point, the train was slowing down.
had already ...此前已经……Staff had already closed the gate.
what happened next接下来发生了什么Tell me what happened next.
as far as I could tell据我当时所能判断As far as I could tell, nobody was hurt.
I cannot say exactly ...我无法准确说明……I cannot say exactly how long it took.
the record confirms记录证实The record confirms that power returned at 8:14.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：叙事时态：背景、事件与更早过去
一般过去时推进主要事件；过去进行时设置当时正在发生的背景；过去完成时说明在某个过去节点之前已经发生的事。
past simple；was/were + V-ing；had + 过去分词
- The lights failed while a train was entering.一列火车进站时，灯光熄灭。
- Staff led passengers upstairs.工作人员带乘客上楼。
- They had closed the platform before the alarm sounded.警报响起前，他们已经关闭站台。
小心中文直译不要为每个较早动作都用过去完成时。时间关系一旦明确，可回到一般过去时，使叙述自然。
5发音实验：叙事节奏：背景较连贯，关键事件更突出
背景信息可平稳连读；事件转折处稍停顿并重读关键动词，让时间线清楚而不夸张。
I was WAITING on platform two / when the lights WENT OUT.Staff had ALREADY closed the gate.THEN / the emergency lights came on.I cannot say EXACTLY how long it took.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Reconstructing Eight Minutes
At 8:06 p.m., a fault cut power to East Station. A train was approaching platform two, but its driver had received an automatic warning and stopped outside the station. Inside, emergency lighting came on after twenty seconds. Staff had begun moving passengers away from platform edges before the public announcement played. Several witnesses later remembered an immediate announcement, although system logs placed it ninety seconds after the outage. By 8:14, passengers had reached the street. The review treated memories as valuable but fallible, comparing them with radio messages, video, and equipment records before publishing the sequence.
中文意义支持
晚上8点06分，故障导致 East Station 断电。一列火车正接近二号站台，但司机已收到自动警告并停在站外。站内应急照明在二十秒后亮起。公共广播播放前，工作人员已经开始让乘客远离站台边缘。几名证人后来记得广播立即响起，但系统日志显示它在断电九十秒后才播放。8点14分前，乘客已到达街面。审查认为记忆有价值但会出错，因此在公布时间线前，将证词与无线电消息、视频和设备记录进行比较。
读听任务
1. How did the review resolve the disagreement about the announcement?
It compared witness memories with system logs and other records.
2. What had happened before the public announcement?
Emergency lights had come on and staff had begun moving passengers from platform edges.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
根据六张打乱的证据卡重建两分钟事件经过，至少指出一处证词与记录不一致。
- At [time], [main event] while [background action].
- By then, [earlier event] had already happened.
- Witnesses recalled [claim], whereas the record shows [evidence].
参考示范，不要背稿
At 8:06, the power failed while a train was approaching. By then, the driver had already received a warning. Some witnesses recalled an immediate announcement, whereas the log shows a ninety-second delay.
写作迁移
写 190—230 词事件重建，包含时间线、证据归属、一个不确定点和一个明确不能下的结论。
参考文本与自查
At 8:06 p.m., power failed while a train was approaching platform two. The driver had already received an automatic warning, so the train stopped outside. Emergency lights appeared twenty seconds later. Staff then moved passengers away from the edge and guided them upstairs. Several witnesses recalled that an announcement played immediately; however, the system log records it ninety seconds after the outage. This difference does not mean the witnesses were dishonest, since stressful events can alter time perception. The available records confirm that evacuation ended by 8:14, but they do not establish exactly when every passenger began moving.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同叙事传统对精确时间、情绪细节和集体记忆的重视不同。调查性叙事应尊重讲述者，同时把记忆与可验证记录区分开。
本课毕业任务从证词、时间戳和图片说明中制作事件时间线；提交叙事正文及一张‘已确认/可能/未知’证据表。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Perspective and Reliability
视角与可靠性
本课真实任务
比较同一事件的不同讲述，识别视角限制、利益关系和未经证实的说法。
- 我能用报告动词准确标示谁声称、承认、否认或确认了什么。
- 我能评估叙述的证据基础，而不是把自信语气等同于可靠。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 灯熄灭时
核对
when the lights went out — I was reading when the lights went out. - 在那一刻
核对
at that point — At that point, the train was slowing down. - 此前已经……
核对
had already ... — Staff had already closed the gate.
2进入情境
一场社区节庆取消后，记者核对主办方、供应商和志愿者的不同解释。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EditorThe organizer says the weather made cancellation unavoidable.主办方说天气使取消不可避免。
ReporterThe forecast was poor, but the supplier claims payment problems had already delayed setup.天气预报很差，但供应商称付款问题此前已延误搭建。
EditorHas either claim been independently confirmed?这两项说法有任何一项得到独立证实吗？
ReporterThe weather warning is public. The payment dispute appears in emails, but we have only seen selected messages.天气警告是公开的。邮件中提到付款争议，但我们只看到了部分邮件。
EditorThen attribute both explanations and state the evidence limits.那么两种解释都要注明来源，并说明证据限制。
ReporterI will also ask whether the safety officer had recommended cancellation before the dispute.我还会询问安全负责人是否在争议前已经建议取消。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
according to据……所说According to the organizer, weather was the main factor.
claims that声称……The supplier claims that payment was late.
acknowledges that承认……The organizer acknowledges that setup was delayed.
denies having否认曾……The team denies having ignored the warning.
has been independently confirmed已得到独立证实The date has been independently confirmed.
the available evidence现有证据The available evidence supports only part of the account.
a partial record不完整的记录Selected emails provide a partial record.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：报告动词与证据距离
say/report 较中性；claim 暗示说法仍待核实；acknowledge 表示承认不利事实；confirm 表示用证据验证。动词选择应反映证据状态。
主语 + reporting verb + that 从句；deny/admit + V-ing；according to + 来源
- The organizer claims that weather forced the decision.主办方声称天气迫使其作出决定。
- The supplier denies receiving payment on time.供应商否认按时收到付款。
- Safety records confirm that a warning was issued.安全记录证实曾发布警告。
小心中文直译不要用 confirm 只表示某人重复了自己的说法；确认需要独立证据。claim 也不自动表示说法是假的。
5发音实验：用重音标记来源而非替来源背书
重读来源和报告动词：The ORGANIZER claims ...；在证据限制前停顿，防止听众把归属误听成事实。
The ORGANIZER claims that weather was decisive.The SUPPLIER denies receiving payment.Records CONFIRM that a warning was issued.However / the emails form only a PARTIAL record.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Accounts of a Cancelled Race
After a charity race was cancelled, the organizer cited unsafe heat. A sponsor argued that low registration had made the event financially unattractive, while several volunteers believed a permit delay was responsible. Public weather records confirmed an extreme-heat warning. Emails showed concern about registration, but no message recommended cancellation for financial reasons. The city confirmed that the permit had arrived two days late, yet it had been approved before the final decision. The evidence supported parts of all three accounts without proving any single motive. A careful report therefore distinguished documented conditions from interpretations of why organizers acted.
中文意义支持
一场慈善跑步活动取消后，主办方称原因是高温不安全。赞助商认为报名人数低使活动缺乏经济吸引力，几名志愿者则相信许可延误才是原因。公开天气记录证实发布了极端高温警告。邮件显示团队担忧报名人数，但没有邮件建议因财务原因取消。市政府证实许可证迟到两天，不过最终决定前已获批准。证据支持三种说法的部分内容，却没有证明任何单一动机。因此，谨慎报道区分了有记录的条件与对主办方动机的解释。
读听任务
1. Which fact was most clearly confirmed?
An extreme-heat warning had been issued.
2. Why could the report not identify one proven motive?
Evidence supported pieces of several accounts but did not directly establish why the final decision was made.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
比较三份相互冲突的事件说明，用三分钟区分已证实事实、来源说法和你的谨慎判断。
- According to [source], [claim], whereas [source] argues [claim].
- [Record] confirms [fact], but it does not establish [motive].
- On the available evidence, the most cautious conclusion is [conclusion].
参考示范，不要背稿
According to the organizer, heat drove the decision, whereas a sponsor points to low registration. Weather records confirm the warning, but they do not establish the organizer's sole motive. On the available evidence, several pressures were present and the decisive one remains uncertain.
写作迁移
写一份 190—230 词核查稿，为每项关键说法注明来源和证据状态。
参考文本与自查
Three explanations have circulated for the cancellation. The organizer states that extreme heat made the race unsafe, and public records confirm that a warning was active. A sponsor claims that low registration created financial pressure. Emails acknowledge concern about numbers but do not recommend cancellation on that basis. Volunteers point to a late permit; the city confirms a two-day delay, although approval arrived before the final decision. These records establish several relevant conditions, not one proven motive. The safest conclusion is that heat, finances, and administration may all have shaped the decision. Further evidence would be required to rank their importance.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示在一些语境中，公开质疑权威来源可能较敏感。仍可通过中性归属、证据问题和同一标准核查所有来源来保持专业与尊重。
本课毕业任务制作一张三来源核查矩阵，包含说法、利益关系、支持证据、缺失证据和可安全发布的表述。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Turning Points
讲述人生转折点
本课真实任务
讲述一个改变方向的时刻，用选择性细节和强调结构突出其意义而不夸大。
- 我能构建有背景、触发事件、选择和后果的转折叙事。
- 我能用 cleft structures 精准强调关键人物、行动或领悟。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 据……所说
核对
according to — According to the organizer, weather was the main factor. - 声称……
核对
claims that — The supplier claims that payment was late. - 承认……
核对
acknowledges that — The organizer acknowledges that setup was delayed.
2进入情境
一档职业播客采访 Ken，了解他从酒店管理转向助听技术的原因。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
HostWas there one moment that changed your direction?有没有某个时刻改变了你的方向？
KenIt was a guest named Mr. Silva who first made me notice the access problem.正是一位叫 Silva 的客人最先让我注意到无障碍问题。
HostWhat happened?发生了什么？
KenA fire alarm sounded, but he could not hear it. What shocked me was that our visual alarm had failed too.火警响了，但他听不到。真正让我震惊的是视觉警报也失效了。
HostDid you change careers immediately?你马上换职业了吗？
KenNo. What I did first was study electronics at night and volunteer with an access group.没有。我先做的是晚上学习电子技术，并在无障碍组织做志愿者。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
a turning point转折点That incident became a turning point.
It was ... who/that ...正是……做了……It was one guest who changed my thinking.
What struck me was ...让我震动的是……What struck me was the silence.
What I did next was ...接下来我做的是……What I did next was take a night course.
not immediately并非立即I did not change direction immediately.
set me on a path让我走上一条道路The experience set me on a new path.
looking back回头看Looking back, the change happened gradually.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：分裂句强调 It was ... that 与 What ... was
cleft structures 把一个句子拆开，突出真正重要的成分。It-cleft 常强调人、时间或事物；what-cleft 常强调行动或领悟。
It was + 焦点 + who/that + 其余；What + 从句 + was + 焦点
- It was Mr. Silva who changed my thinking.正是 Silva 先生改变了我的想法。
- It was that evening that I began taking notes.正是那天晚上我开始记笔记。
- What I needed was practical experience.我真正需要的是实践经验。
小心中文直译不要每句都使用 cleft；强调结构只有在与普通叙述形成对比时才有力量。人物常用 who，事物或时间可用 that。
5发音实验：强调结构中的焦点重音
轻读 It was/What ... was，把最强重音放在被突出成分上；后续信息回落。
It was MR. SILVA who changed my thinking.It was THAT EVENING that I decided.What shocked me was the FAILED alarm.What I needed was PRACTICAL experience.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Question That Redirected a Career
Leonie had worked in food science for six years when she joined a school visit. A student asked why healthy meals often cost more than heavily processed ones. Leonie gave a technical answer about production, but the question stayed with her. What unsettled her was not a lack of scientific knowledge; it was how little she understood about household budgets and food access. She began volunteering at a community kitchen and later studied public policy part-time. It was the combination of that simple question and sustained local work that eventually moved her career from product development to food policy.
中文意义支持
Leonie 从事食品科学六年后参加了一次学校访问。一名学生问，为什么健康餐食常比高度加工食品更贵。Leonie 从生产角度给出技术回答，但问题一直留在她心中。令她不安的不是科学知识不足，而是自己对家庭预算和食物获取了解太少。她开始在社区厨房做志愿者，后来兼职学习公共政策。最终，正是那个简单问题与持续的本地工作共同促使她从产品开发转向食物政策。
读听任务
1. What did Leonie realize she lacked?
She lacked understanding of household budgets and food access, not scientific knowledge.
2. What actually produced the career change?
The student's question combined with sustained volunteering and further study.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
讲述两分钟真实或虚构转折经历，包含背景、触发、延迟行动和长远结果，仅使用两次强调结构。
- I had been [background] when [event].
- What struck me was [realization].
- It was [person/action] that eventually led me to [result].
参考示范，不要背稿
I had been working in hotels when a safety incident exposed an access problem. What struck me was that our backup system failed too. I did not change careers immediately. It was several years of night study and volunteering that eventually led me into assistive technology.
写作迁移
写 200—240 词转折叙事，结尾反思当时不明显、后来才看清的意义。
参考文本与自查
For years, I treated design as a question of appearance. That changed during a volunteer shift at a community center, where a visitor could not read our low-contrast signs. What embarrassed me was that I had considered the signs attractive without asking whether everyone could use them. I did not become an accessibility specialist overnight. I first took a short course, then tested materials with users, and later changed teams. It was repeated contact with people affected by design decisions that redirected my work. Looking back, the visitor's question was the trigger, but the deeper turning point was learning to treat access as a design requirement rather than an optional improvement.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示某些文化偏好个人英雄式转折故事，另一些更强调家庭、机遇和集体支持。讲述时可以明确谁与哪些条件共同促成变化。
本课毕业任务制作转折点时间轴，区分“当时知道”“后来理解”和“仍不确定”；据此录制故事并让同伴检查是否过度简化。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Telling Other People's Stories
负责任地讲述他人的故事
本课真实任务
在报道或纪录叙事中准确转述他人经历，处理同意、匿名、语境和编辑选择。
- 我能选择准确的报告动词，保留说话者的立场和不确定性。
- 我能说明为了安全或篇幅做出的编辑，而不制造虚假戏剧性。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 转折点
核对
a turning point — That incident became a turning point. - 正是……做了……
核对
It was ... who/that ... — It was one guest who changed my thinking. - 让我震动的是……
核对
What struck me was ... — What struck me was the silence.
2进入情境
学生编辑讨论一篇关于夜班清洁工通勤经历的音频故事。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EditorThe opening is powerful, but did Luis agree to have his workplace named?开头很有力量，但 Luis 同意公开工作地点了吗？
ProducerHe agreed to the interview, but we did not ask specifically about the company name.他同意采访，但我们没有专门问公司名称。
EditorThen remove it and check whether the route details could identify him.那就删掉，并检查路线细节是否会暴露他的身份。
ProducerShould we keep the pause before he answered the safety question?我们要保留他回答安全问题前的停顿吗？
EditorOnly if it reflects the original exchange. Do not lengthen it to create tension.只有在它反映原始交流时才保留。不要为了制造紧张而拉长。
ProducerI will send him the factual passages and explain what we changed for anonymity.我会把事实段落发给他，并解释我们为匿名做了哪些修改。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
give informed consent给予知情同意Participants must give informed consent.
identify someone indirectly间接识别某人Route details could identify him indirectly.
retain the original meaning保留原意The edit must retain the original meaning.
take a quote out of context断章取义Do not take the quote out of context.
for reasons of anonymity出于匿名原因The workplace was removed for reasons of anonymity.
verify the factual passages核对事实段落Ask the participant to verify factual passages.
create false tension制造虚假紧张感A longer pause would create false tension.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：报告动词的不同补语结构
不同报告动词后接不同结构：admit/deny + V-ing，agree/offer + to do，warn/urge + 人 + to do，explain + that 从句。
admit/deny + V-ing；agree/offer + to-infinitive；warn/urge + object + to-infinitive
- He agreed to record the interview.他同意录制采访。
- She denied changing the quotation.她否认改动引语。
- The editor urged the team to remove the name.编辑敦促团队删除姓名。
小心中文直译不要按中文直译补语：不能说 explain me to remove；应说 explain to me why 或 urge me to remove。
5发音实验：直接引语与转述的声音边界
读直接引语时可轻微改变节奏，但不要模仿口音或夸张情绪；转回叙述者声音时用短停顿标明边界。
He said / “I felt unsafe on the last bus.”She EXPLAINED that the route had changed.The editor URGED us to remove the name.For reasons of ANONYMITY / one detail has been changed.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Edit That Changed the Meaning
A podcast profiled a farmer facing repeated drought. In the full interview, she said that moving might become necessary, but she also described new crops and a cooperative water plan. The published trailer kept only the sentence about leaving and placed dramatic music beneath it. Although every word was authentic, the edit made departure sound certain and erased her work to remain. After she complained, the producers revised the trailer, published a note, and introduced a consent check for promotional clips. Accuracy, they learned, depends on context and selection as well as on quoting words correctly.
中文意义支持
一档播客讲述一名反复遭遇干旱的农民。完整采访中，她说搬迁可能变得必要，但也描述了新作物和合作用水计划。发布的预告片只保留了关于离开的那句话，并配上戏剧性音乐。虽然每个词都真实，剪辑却让离开听起来已成定局，也抹去了她为留下所做的努力。她投诉后，制作方修改预告、发布说明，并为宣传片段加入同意核查。他们认识到，准确性不仅取决于正确引用词句，也取决于语境和选择。
读听任务
1. Why was the trailer misleading even though the quotation was authentic?
It removed balancing context and made a possible move sound certain.
2. What procedural change followed the complaint?
The producers added a consent check for promotional clips.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
编辑一段两分钟口述材料：说明保留、删减和匿名处理，并向‘讲述者’复述最终核心意思。
- The speaker explained that [meaning], while also emphasizing [context].
- For reasons of anonymity, we removed [detail] without changing [meaning].
- Our edit should not imply [claim] when the speaker only said [qualified claim].
参考示范，不要背稿
The speaker explained that moving might become necessary, while also emphasizing efforts to remain. For anonymity, we removed the farm location without changing the timeline. Our edit should not imply that departure is certain when she described it only as one possibility.
写作迁移
写一份 180—220 词编辑说明，包含同意范围、事实核对、匿名选择、语境风险和纠错办法。
参考文本与自查
The participant agreed to a full audio interview and public release, but not to naming the employer. We therefore removed the company name and altered one nonessential route detail that could identify him. These changes do not affect the sequence or central claim. Two quotations were shortened for length; surrounding sentences were checked to ensure that the cuts did not reverse their meaning. The participant will verify factual passages, although editorial judgment remains with the team. If a material error is found after publication, we will correct the audio description, add a visible note, and notify him directly.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同社群对署名、家庭同意和个人故事所有权有不同期待。法律许可只是最低线；高质量叙事还需要关系、风险和权力层面的伦理判断。
本课毕业任务从一份虚构完整访谈制作90秒脚本，同时提交删改日志、同意清单和一段说明“真实引语也可能造成误导”的反思。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
The Global Issues Forum
全球议题论坛
本课真实任务
在有分歧的公共论坛中提出证据化立场、回应最强反论点并帮助小组找到有限共识。
- 我能公平复述对方最强观点后再反驳，而不是攻击弱化版本。
- 我能区分价值分歧、事实分歧和可协商的执行分歧。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 给予知情同意
核对
give informed consent — Participants must give informed consent. - 间接识别某人
核对
identify someone indirectly — Route details could identify him indirectly. - 保留原意
核对
retain the original meaning — The edit must retain the original meaning.
2进入情境
学生论坛讨论学校是否应停止所有需要乘飞机的短期交流项目。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ModeratorPlease state the strongest reason for the position you oppose before giving your response.请先说出反方最有力的理由，再回应。
InezSupporters are right that travel can build relationships which online meetings rarely create.支持者有道理：旅行能建立线上会议很难形成的关系。
DavidEven so, frequent short visits create high emissions for limited educational time.即便如此，频繁短期访问为有限学习时间带来高排放。
InezThen perhaps the question is not whether to travel, but which trips justify the cost.那么问题也许不是要不要旅行，而是哪种旅行值得付出成本。
ModeratorWhat decision rule could both sides accept?双方能接受什么决策规则？
DavidPrioritize longer exchanges with clear learning goals, and require a lower-carbon alternative to be considered first.优先支持目标明确的较长期交流，并要求先考虑低碳替代方案。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
The strongest case for ... is ...支持……最有力的理由是……The strongest case for travel is relationship-building.
Supporters are right that ...支持者说得对的是……Supporters are right that access matters.
Even so ...即便如此……Even so, the current model is wasteful.
The disagreement turns on ...分歧关键在于……The disagreement turns on how benefits are measured.
a decision rule决策规则We need a decision rule that applies consistently.
common ground共同点Both sides found common ground on longer visits.
a limited consensus有限共识The forum reached a limited consensus.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：高级让步：even so、much as、while
even so 连接整句反转；much as + 从句表示强烈承认后转折；while 可在句首承认对方部分观点。它们帮助构建公平反驳。
句子. Even so, 反论点；Much as + 主语 + 动词, 主句；While + 承认, 主张
- Travel can deepen relationships. Even so, not every trip is justified.旅行能深化关系。即便如此，并非每次旅行都合理。
- Much as I value exchange, the current model is too frequent.尽管我重视交流，当前模式仍过于频繁。
- While the program has benefits, its goals are not always clear.该项目虽有益，但目标并不总是清楚。
小心中文直译让步句必须真实呈现对方观点，而不是先用 obviously 或 merely 贬低它；否则语法正确也不是公平回应。
5发音实验：反驳中的语调控制
复述对方观点时保持中性语调；在 even so 后短停顿，再把重音放在真正分歧点，避免听起来像人身攻击。
Supporters are RIGHT that travel builds trust.Even SO / not every trip is justified.The disagreement turns on MEASUREMENT.We DO share common ground on longer visits.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Forum That Changed the Question
A university forum began with two fixed positions: ban academic flights or protect every existing exchange. The moderator asked each speaker to summarize the strongest opposing argument before presenting a response. Participants discovered that most valued international cooperation and accepted the need to reduce emissions. Their deeper disagreement concerned which journeys produced benefits unavailable online. The final proposal did not satisfy either original slogan. It prioritized longer exchanges with defined learning outcomes, required departments to compare remote alternatives, and published annual travel emissions. By changing the question from “travel or no travel” to “which travel is justified,” the forum produced a testable policy.
中文意义支持
一场大学论坛最初只有两个固定立场：禁止学术飞行，或保护所有现有交流。主持人要求每位发言者先概括最强反方论点，再回应。参与者发现，大多数人既重视国际合作，也接受减排必要性。更深分歧在于哪些旅程能产生线上无法实现的收益。最终方案没有满足任何一个原始口号，而是优先支持学习成果明确的长期交流，要求院系比较远程替代方案，并公布年度旅行排放。论坛把问题从“旅行还是不旅行”改为“哪些旅行合理”，从而产生可检验政策。
读听任务
1. What common ground did participants discover?
They valued international cooperation and accepted the need to reduce emissions.
2. How did reframing improve the debate?
It replaced a binary choice with criteria for deciding which trips were justified.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
参与十分钟议题论坛：陈述立场、公平复述反方、回应证据，并与小组制定一条共同决策规则。
- The strongest case for [opposing view] is [reason].
- Even so, I would argue [claim] because [evidence].
- A rule both sides could accept is [criterion].
参考示范，不要背稿
The strongest case for short exchanges is that direct contact builds trust. Even so, I would require clearer outcomes because the emissions are substantial. A rule both sides could accept is to fund travel only when an equivalent remote option cannot meet the learning goal.
写作迁移
写一篇 220—260 词论坛立场稿，包含主张、最强反论点、公平回应、共同点和可执行规则。
参考文本与自查
Short international visits can create relationships that online contact rarely matches. Supporters are therefore right to resist a complete travel ban. Even so, the present system does not consistently ask whether a journey's educational value justifies its emissions. I support a criteria-based policy. Departments should define the learning outcome, compare remote or rail alternatives, and explain why travel is necessary. Longer exchanges should receive priority because they often produce deeper collaboration per journey. This approach will not eliminate disagreement: people will still value outcomes differently. However, both sides can accept a transparent rule, published emissions, and annual review. The question should be which travel serves a clear purpose, not whether all travel is good or bad.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示辩论规则本身也有文化偏向；快速插话可能奖励某些互动风格。可提供计时发言、书面回应和稍后补充等多种参与渠道。
本课毕业任务主持一次四方论坛，保存立场地图、共同点、未解分歧和最终决策规则；会后评估谁的发言被采用、谁仍被遗漏。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
B2 Graduation Challenge
B2 综合毕业任务
本课真实任务
综合两份文字、一张图表和一次访谈，为社区能源项目提出、答辩并修订建议。
- 我能理解并整合多源信息，清楚标示一致、冲突和缺口。
- 我能在即兴问答中维护或修正建议，并产出结构清晰的专业文本。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 支持……最有力的理由是……
核对
The strongest case for ... is ... — The strongest case for travel is relationship-building. - 支持者说得对的是……
核对
Supporters are right that ... — Supporters are right that access matters. - 即便如此……
核对
Even so ... — Even so, the current model is wasteful.
2进入情境
社区委员会要在屋顶太阳能、建筑保温和能源补助三项方案间分配有限预算。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ChairYour brief recommends insulation first. Which evidence carried the most weight?你的简报优先推荐保温。哪项证据权重最高？
CandidateThe audit shows that heat loss is the largest source of waste, and tenant interviews emphasize high winter bills.审计显示热损失是最大浪费来源，租户访谈也强调冬季账单过高。
ChairSolar panels have the strongest public support. Why not lead with them?太阳能板公众支持最高。为什么不优先？
CandidateSupport matters, but the roof survey identifies repairs that would delay installation by a year.支持度很重要，但屋顶调查发现维修会让安装推迟一年。
ChairWould you change any part of your recommendation?你会修改建议的任何部分吗？
CandidateYes. I would reserve funds for roof design now and create emergency bill support while insulation begins.会。我会现在预留屋顶设计资金，并在保温工程启动时设立紧急账单补助。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
draw on several sources综合利用多个来源The recommendation draws on four sources.
the sources converge on多个来源一致指向……The sources converge on high winter costs.
the evidence conflicts on证据在……上冲突The evidence conflicts on public priorities.
carry the most weight具有最大权重The building audit carries the most weight here.
a gap in the evidence证据缺口Long-term maintenance is a gap in the evidence.
revise the recommendation修订建议New cost data may lead us to revise the recommendation.
subject to review以审查为条件Reserve funds subject to a roof review.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：指代与连接：构建跨段连贯
用 this finding、the former、such concerns 等概括前文，而不是重复整句。指代必须有唯一清晰对象，否则会制造歧义。
This/These + 概括名词；the former/the latter；such + 复数或不可数名词
- The audit identified major heat loss. This finding supports insulation.审计发现大量热损失。这一发现支持保温方案。
- Solar is popular, while insulation saves more immediately; the latter should begin first.太阳能受欢迎，而保温立即节省更多；后者应先开始。
- Tenants raised concerns about bills. Such concerns require short-term support.租户提出账单担忧。此类担忧需要短期支持。
小心中文直译the former/the latter 只适合明确的两个对象；超过两个时直接重提名称更清楚。this 单独出现可能模糊，最好加 finding、risk、proposal 等名词。
5发音实验：答辩中的停顿、修正和重点
先用短语争取思考时间，再给直接答案；修正时清楚说 I would revise ...，不要用大量填充词掩盖变化。
The SHORT answer is yes.The evidence carries DIFFERENT weight for different questions.I would REVISE one part of the proposal.The main evidence GAP concerns maintenance.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Four Sources, One Budget
A housing cooperative had enough funding for only one major energy project. A technical audit ranked insulation first because roofs and walls were losing substantial heat. A resident survey favored solar panels, which people saw as a visible commitment to clean energy. Interviews with tenants on low incomes focused instead on immediate bill support. Finally, a roof inspection found repairs that would delay solar installation. No source answered the whole question. The committee recommended beginning insulation, offering targeted winter support, and completing roof design work for a later solar phase. It also promised to review actual savings after twelve months.
中文意义支持
一家住房合作社的资金只够开展一个主要能源项目。技术审计把保温列为第一，因为屋顶和墙体流失大量热量。居民调查更支持太阳能板，人们把它视为对清洁能源的可见承诺。低收入租户访谈则关注即时账单补助。最后，屋顶检查发现维修会推迟太阳能安装。没有任何一个来源能回答全部问题。委员会建议先做保温、提供有针对性的冬季支持，并完成后续太阳能阶段的屋顶设计，同时承诺十二个月后审查实际节省。
读听任务
1. Why did the sources support different priorities?
They measured different concerns: technical savings, public preference, immediate affordability, and construction readiness.
2. What made the final recommendation a synthesis rather than a simple compromise?
It sequenced actions according to evidence and added review, rather than merely splitting money equally.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
B2 口语毕业测评：准备八分钟后做四分钟建议陈述，再接受四分钟未预先给出的质询并作一次修订。
- The sources converge on [shared finding], but differ on [conflict].
- For [question], [source] carries more weight because [reason].
- In light of [challenge], I would revise [part] while retaining [core].
参考示范，不要背稿
The sources converge on the need to reduce energy costs but differ on timing. For immediate savings, the audit carries more weight because it measures actual heat loss. In light of roof delays, I would begin insulation, retain targeted bill support, and prepare solar design for a later phase.
写作迁移
B2 写作毕业测评：写 260—320 词决策简报，综合全部来源，提出排序、保障、指标和证据缺口。
参考文本与自查
All four sources support action, but they answer different questions. The audit provides the strongest evidence about immediate energy waste and therefore supports beginning insulation. The survey shows that residents value visible renewable energy; however, the roof inspection makes near-term installation unrealistic. Interviews reveal a separate equity issue: some tenants need help before any capital project produces savings. I recommend a sequenced plan. Insulation should begin first, alongside targeted winter bill support. The cooperative should also fund roof design so that solar installation can follow repairs. After twelve months, actual energy savings and tenant costs should be reviewed. Maintenance costs remain an evidence gap and should be investigated before the solar contract is signed.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示同一来源的权威性取决于问题：工程审计能估算热损失，却不能替居民决定何为公平。成熟综合要匹配来源与问题。
本课毕业任务完成 B2 作品集终评：提交证据矩阵、口头答辩录像、决策简报和一页修订说明；按范围、准确、流利、互动、连贯和语音六维评分。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Register and Relationships
语域、关系与分寸
本课真实任务
根据权力关系、媒介和目的，把同一核心信息改写为同事消息、客户邮件和正式政策说明。
- 我能控制正式度、直接度和礼貌程度，而不改变事实内容。
- 我能识别过度正式、虚假亲密或不必要委婉造成的语用问题。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 综合利用多个来源
核对
draw on several sources — The recommendation draws on four sources. - 多个来源一致指向……
核对
the sources converge on — The sources converge on high winter costs. - 证据在……上冲突
核对
the evidence conflicts on — The evidence conflicts on public priorities.
2进入情境
项目负责人需要向好友同事、外部供应商和监管机构分别说明同一次数据延误。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MayaMy message to the team says, “Quick heads-up: the figures will be late.”我给团队的消息写着：“提醒一下，数据会晚到。”
EditorThat works internally, but the client needs the impact and a revised date.内部使用没问题，但客户需要知道影响和修订日期。
MayaCould I write, “We regret to advise that publication has been postponed”?我可以写“我们遗憾地通知发布已推迟”吗？
EditorYou could, although it sounds distant. Try a direct apology followed by the new deadline.可以，但听起来疏远。试试直接道歉，然后给出新期限。
MayaAnd the regulator?那监管机构呢？
EditorUse precise dates, causes, and corrective action. Politeness must not hide accountability.使用准确日期、原因和纠正措施。礼貌不能掩盖责任。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
a quick heads-up简短提醒A quick heads-up: tomorrow's call has moved.
I am writing to let you know ...写信告知您……I am writing to let you know that delivery is delayed.
We apologize for ...我们为……道歉We apologize for the two-day delay.
The revised deadline is ...修订后的期限是……The revised deadline is 14 June.
For the avoidance of doubt ...为免疑义……For the avoidance of doubt, no data were lost.
corrective action纠正措施The notice describes corrective action.
match the relationship符合关系语境The tone should match the relationship.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：情态与距离：控制直接度
could/would 可降低命令感，may 用于正式许可或谨慎判断，must 明确义务。被动与名词化增加距离，但过量会隐藏行动者。
Could/Would you + 动词；may/might + 动词；must + 动词；It would be helpful if + 过去式
- Could you send the revised file by noon?你能在中午前发送修订文件吗？
- It would be helpful if you included the raw data.如果你能附上原始数据会很有帮助。
- The organization must notify the regulator within five days.该组织必须在五日内通知监管机构。
小心中文直译礼貌不等于模糊。I was just wondering if perhaps ... 叠加过多弱化语会让请求难以识别，尤其在期限和责任场景中。
5发音实验：语域与韵律：亲近、专业和权威
同事口语可更连读；客户说明保持温和清晰；正式声明减慢关键事实并避免夸张情绪。
Quick HEADS-up / the figures will be late.We APOLOGIZE for the delay.The revised deadline is the FOURTEENTH of JUNE.No customer data were LOST.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Messages About One Delay
A research team discovered that a software error would delay its report by four days. The internal message began, “Quick heads-up,” named the affected tasks, and invited colleagues to a short planning call. The client email opened with a direct apology, explained the impact, and offered a revised delivery date. The regulatory notice used exact discovery times, named the responsible organization, and listed corrective actions. None of the messages changed the underlying facts. Their vocabulary, sentence length, and interpersonal tone differed because each reader had a different relationship to the writer and needed a different kind of action.
中文意义支持
研究团队发现软件错误会使报告延迟四天。内部消息以“简短提醒”开头，点明受影响任务，并邀请同事参加短会。客户邮件先直接道歉，再解释影响并给出修订日期。监管通知使用准确发现时间，明确责任组织，并列出纠正措施。三条消息都没有改变基本事实。它们的词汇、句长和人际语气不同，因为每类读者与作者关系不同，需要采取的行动也不同。
读听任务
1. What remained constant across the three messages?
The underlying facts about the error and delay remained constant.
2. Why did the regulatory notice differ from the client email?
It required exact timing, accountability, and corrective actions rather than mainly relationship repair.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
把同一延期事实分别口头告知亲近同事、重要客户和正式审查小组，并解释三个版本的选择。
- Internal: Quick heads-up: [fact], so [team action].
- Client: We apologize for [impact]. The revised [date/action] is [detail].
- Formal: On [date], [organization] identified [issue] and initiated [corrective action].
参考示范，不要背稿
Quick heads-up: the figures will be four days late, so let's revise today's tasks. To the client: We apologize for the delay; the report will arrive on 14 June. Formally: On 10 June, the team identified a processing error and began independent validation.
写作迁移
围绕同一事件写三个各 90—120 词版本，并附 120 词语域说明，指出词汇、句法和直接度差异。
参考文本与自查
Internal: Quick heads-up—the validation script found an error in the May figures. We need four extra days, so I have moved today's review call. Client: We apologize that the report will not arrive on 10 June as planned. The revised delivery date is 14 June, and no client data were lost. Formal: On 10 June, the organization identified a processing error affecting the May report. Publication was suspended, independent validation began, and the regulator was notified. The register changes, but the cause, impact, date, and action remain consistent.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示正式度并非简单对应尊敬程度。某些团队重视简洁直白，另一些重视关系铺垫；应观察惯例，但不能用“文化”作为模糊事实的借口。
本课毕业任务建立个人语域转换库：选五种真实沟通任务，每项保存内部、外部和正式版本，并标注做出的语言选择。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Nominalization and Information Density
名词化与信息密度
本课真实任务
在口语化解释和高密度学术或专业文本之间转换，既提高凝练度又保留行动者和因果。
- 我能把分句压缩为名词化结构，组织复杂论证。
- 我能识别名词化何时隐藏责任，并选择重新动词化。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 简短提醒
核对
a quick heads-up — A quick heads-up: tomorrow's call has moved. - 写信告知您……
核对
I am writing to let you know ... — I am writing to let you know that delivery is delayed. - 我们为……道歉
核对
We apologize for ... — We apologize for the two-day delay.
2进入情境
研究员把口头项目更新改写为执行摘要，编辑要求她保留关键责任人。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
ResearcherI wrote, “We expanded the service, so more people applied.”我写的是：“我们扩大服务，所以更多人申请。”
EditorFor the summary, you could write, “Service expansion led to increased applications.”执行摘要可写：“服务扩展带来申请增加。”
ResearcherThat is shorter, but it removes who expanded the service.这样更短，但删掉了谁扩大服务。
EditorExactly. Keep the agency where responsibility matters.正是。责任重要时要保留行动者。
ResearcherSo nominalization helps connect findings, not automatically improve every sentence.所以名词化有助于连接发现，却不会自动改善每句话。
EditorRight. Density is useful only when readers can still recover the logic.对。只有读者仍能还原逻辑时，信息密度才有用。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
lead to an increase in导致……增加Expansion led to an increase in applications.
the implementation of……的实施The implementation of the policy took six months.
a reduction in……的减少The change produced a reduction in waste.
retain the agent保留行动者Retain the agent when responsibility matters.
unpack the sentence拆解句子Unpack the sentence for a general audience.
information density信息密度The paragraph has high information density.
obscure responsibility掩盖责任Nominalization can obscure responsibility.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：名词化：从过程到概念
把 decide、expand、fail 等动词转为 decision、expansion、failure，可将过程作为后续论述对象。应通过 by + 行动者或主动句保留必要责任。
动词/形容词 → 名词；X led to/resulted in + nominalization；the + nominalization + of/by
- The team expanded the service. → The expansion of the service ...团队扩大服务。→ 服务的扩展……
- Applications increased. → There was an increase in applications.申请增加。→ 申请量出现增长。
- The regulator rejected the plan. → The plan's rejection by the regulator ...监管机构拒绝方案。→ 方案被监管机构拒绝……
小心中文直译连续堆叠名词会产生难读的 noun stack。若读者必须猜谁做了什么，把一个核心名词化改回动词。
5发音实验：高密度句的核心重音与解包
书面名词化在口头表达中要分意群，并重读核心名词；必要时随后用主动句解释一次。
The EXPANSION of the service / led to higher DEMAND.The plan's REJECTION / delayed implementation.By IMPLEMENTATION / we mean putting the policy into practice.Let me UNPACK that finding.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：When Shorter Became Harder
An agency revised a report to make it sound more professional. Editors changed many verbs into nouns: teams no longer “checked applications”; there was “the implementation of application verification procedures.” The revised version was shorter in places, yet frontline staff found it harder to follow. It also became unclear who had delayed several decisions. A second edit kept nominalizations that named stable concepts, such as verification and access, but restored active verbs for responsibility and sequence. Readability improved without making the report simplistic. The lesson was not to avoid nominalization, but to use density selectively and preserve recoverable action.
中文意义支持
某机构为使报告听起来更专业而修订文本。编辑把许多动词改成名词：团队不再“核查申请”，而出现了“申请核验程序的实施”。修订版有些地方更短，前线员工却更难理解，几个决定由谁延误也变得不清楚。第二轮编辑保留 verification 和 access 等稳定概念的名词化，但在责任和顺序处恢复主动动词。可读性提高了，报告也没有变得幼稚。教训不是避免名词化，而是选择性使用密度，并让行动仍可被还原。
读听任务
1. Why did the first revision reduce clarity?
It created dense noun phrases and obscured who performed or delayed actions.
2. What principle guided the second edit?
Keep useful conceptual nominalizations but restore verbs where responsibility and sequence matter.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
把一段高密度报告口头‘解包’给普通听众，再说明哪些名词化值得保留。
- The report refers to [nominalization], which means [active explanation].
- [Agent] [verb] [object], leading to [nominalized result].
- I would retain/remove this nominalization because [reason].
参考示范，不要背稿
The report refers to service expansion, which means the council opened three new sites. The council expanded access, leading to an increase in applications. I would retain ‘increase’ as a result concept but restore the council as the agent.
写作迁移
把一段口语更新压缩成 150 词执行摘要，再把一段名词堆叠文本改写为清楚主动句。
参考文本与自查
The council's expansion of the service to three sites led to a 28 percent increase in applications. Staff completed initial verification within five days, although the contractor delayed final identity checks. This delay reduced the number of cases resolved in June. The council has therefore changed the contractor's deadline and assigned one manager to monitor compliance. Here, expansion and increase function as stable findings; active verbs identify who completed, delayed, changed, and monitors each action.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示某些专业社群把抽象名词视为权威标志。真正的专业性来自可检验逻辑和适合读者的密度，而不是最长的名词串。
本课毕业任务建立“压缩—解包”双栏语料：从三个真实专业段落中找出名词化，分别保留、改写或补回行动者，并说明理由。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Rhetoric and Framing
修辞、框架与影响
本课真实任务
分析同一事实如何被不同框架呈现，并使用平行、重复和三段式进行有伦理的说服。
- 我能识别框架选择如何突出部分现实、弱化其他部分。
- 我能使用修辞增强记忆与逻辑，同时避免把情感效果伪装成证据。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 导致……增加
核对
lead to an increase in — Expansion led to an increase in applications. - ……的实施
核对
the implementation of — The implementation of the policy took six months. - ……的减少
核对
a reduction in — The change produced a reduction in waste.
2进入情境
两支倡议团队用同一组交通数据分别宣传“恢复街道活力”和“限制驾车自由”。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
AnalystBoth campaigns cite the same twenty-percent fall in through-traffic.两个阵营都引用过境车流下降20%的同一数据。
SpeakerOne calls it a safer street; the other calls it restricted access.一方称之为更安全的街道，另一方称之为受限通行。
AnalystWhich frame is false?哪种框架是假的？
SpeakerNeither phrase is necessarily false, but each selects a different value.两种说法未必为假，但各自选择了不同价值。
AnalystThen our speech should state the data before using a frame.那么我们的演讲应先说明数据，再使用框架。
SpeakerAgreed. We can be persuasive without pretending that one statistic settles every question.同意。我们可以有说服力，而不假装一个数据能解决所有问题。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
frame the issue as把问题框定为……The campaign frames the issue as public safety.
foreground突出呈现The headline foregrounds cost.
leave out of frame排除在框架之外The slogan leaves delivery workers out of frame.
the same underlying figure同一基础数据Both claims use the same underlying figure.
not only ..., but also ...不仅……而且……The plan is not only cleaner, but also safer.
a three-part sequence三段式Use a three-part sequence for the recommendation.
rhetoric is not evidence修辞不是证据Memorable rhetoric is not evidence.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：平行结构与受控重复
并列项目保持相同语法形式可增强逻辑和节奏。not only ... but also、either ... or 连接的成分必须平行。
verb, verb, and verb；not only + X, but also + X；either + X or + X
- The plan reduces traffic, improves safety, and creates space.该计划减少车流、改善安全并创造空间。
- It is not only affordable but also measurable.它不仅负担得起，而且可衡量。
- We can either revise the trial or end it.我们可以修订试点，也可以结束试点。
小心中文直译不要混合不同语法层级：reduces traffic, safer streets, and creating space 不平行。修辞重复也不能替代来源和限制。
5发音实验：三段式节奏与落点
前两项使用相近节奏和轻微上扬，最后一项下降并承载最强重音；避免机械喊口号。
safer HOMES / cleaner AIR / stronger COMMUNITIESWe will MEASURE / we will REVIEW / and we will ADAPT.Not only CHEAPER / but also FAIRER.The frame is MEMORABLE / but the evidence is LIMITED.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：When a Number Became Two Stories
After a city reduced central parking spaces by fifteen percent, two headlines appeared. One announced, “City removes access for drivers”; the other celebrated, “City gives streets back to people.” Both referred to the same change, yet neither mentioned that accessible parking remained or that delivery rules had changed. The first foregrounded loss and individual choice; the second foregrounded public space and collective benefit. A fuller account reported the figure, named the exemptions, and asked who gained or lost at different times. Frames are unavoidable because language selects attention. Ethical communication makes that selection visible and keeps evidence available for challenge.
中文意义支持
一座城市减少市中心15%的停车位后，出现两个标题。一个写“城市取消司机通行”，另一个庆祝“城市把街道还给人们”。二者指向同一变化，却都没提无障碍停车仍被保留、配送规则也已改变。第一个突出损失和个人选择，第二个突出公共空间和集体利益。更完整的报道给出数字、说明例外，并询问不同时段谁获益、谁受损。框架不可避免，因为语言总在选择注意焦点。合乎伦理的沟通会让这种选择可见，并保留证据供质疑。
读听任务
1. How did the two headlines frame the same figure differently?
One foregrounded driver loss and choice; the other foregrounded public space and collective benefit.
2. What made the fuller account more ethical?
It stated the figure, included exemptions, and examined distributional effects instead of hiding selection.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用同一数据做两个各一分钟的不同框架开场，再做一个透明版本，说明你的选择和遗漏风险。
- This issue is often framed as [frame], which foregrounds [value].
- The same figure can also be read as [alternative].
- The evidence shows [fact]; it does not by itself establish [claim].
参考示范，不要背稿
The change is often framed as restoring public space, which foregrounds collective benefit. The same figure can be read as reducing driver access. The evidence shows a fifteen-percent reduction in spaces; it does not by itself establish whether access improved for every group.
写作迁移
写一篇 220—260 词倡议声明，并附 120 词修辞审计，标出框架、平行结构、证据和重要例外。
参考文本与自查
Our proposal will reduce waste, lower operating costs, and make repair easier. It is not only an environmental measure but also a practical service reform. The pilot data show a 22 percent reduction in discarded equipment across three sites. That figure does not prove that every department benefited equally, so the next phase will publish results by site and retain an appeal process. We ask the board to extend, measure, and improve the program—not because one number ends the debate, but because transparent evidence supports a careful next step. Rhetorical audit: The opening frames repair as both environmental and practical. The three-part sequence aids recall. The site-level limitation prevents the overall figure from becoming a universal claim.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示某种隐喻在一个语言社群中可能鼓舞人心，在另一个社群中却带有战争、疾病或排斥意味。跨文化传播前应与目标读者测试框架。
本课毕业任务收集三个机构对同一公开数据的标题，做框架对照表；再制作一个保留说服力但公开限制的替代版本。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Listening Across Accents
多口音理解策略
本课真实任务
在多口音会议中抓取意义、定位误解并使用专业修复策略，而不把熟悉度误判为能力。
- 我能利用语境、重音和复述理解不熟悉的语音变体。
- 我能礼貌确认关键词、数字和行动项，同时避免要求对方放弃其口音。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 把问题框定为……
核对
frame the issue as — The campaign frames the issue as public safety. - 突出呈现
核对
foreground — The headline foregrounds cost. - 排除在框架之外
核对
leave out of frame — The slogan leaves delivery workers out of frame.
2进入情境
来自四个地区的团队在线讨论设备测试，连接质量和不熟悉的发音造成两处误解。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
NiaThe field test is on the thirteenth, with thirty units.现场测试在十三日，使用三十台设备。
PaulSorry, did you say the thirtieth or the thirteenth?抱歉，你说的是三十日还是十三日？
NiaThe thirteenth—one three. I will put it in the chat.十三日——数字一三。我会写在聊天框里。
KenjiAnd are all thirty units ready for shipping?那三十台设备都准备好发货了吗？
AmaraTwenty are ready; the remaining ten still need a safety check.二十台已准备好；剩余十台仍需安全检查。
PaulLet me check my understanding: twenty ship now, ten follow after inspection.让我确认理解：二十台现在发货，十台检查后再发。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Did you say ... or ...?你说的是……还是……？Did you say thirteen or thirty?
Could you say that another way?你能换一种方式说吗？Could you say that another way, please?
The key word I heard was ...我听到的关键词是……The key word I heard was inspection.
Let me check my understanding.让我确认一下理解。Let me check my understanding before we continue.
put it in the chat把它发到聊天框Could you put the date in the chat?
one three数字一、三The date is one three, not three zero.
follow after inspection检查后跟进/发出The last ten follow after inspection.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：口语省略与话语标记
自然口语常省略可从语境恢复的主语或助动词，如 Twenty ready?；学习者应能识别，但在需要精确确认时可恢复完整形式。
省略形式 ↔ 完整形式；话语标记 + 独立分句
- Twenty ready, ten still pending. → Twenty are ready; ten are still pending.二十台就绪，十台待定。→ 完整形式。
- Coming on Friday? → Are you coming on Friday?周五来吗？→ 你周五来吗？
- Right, so the final check happens tomorrow.好，那么最终检查明天进行。
小心中文直译听不懂不一定是语法或口音问题，也可能是噪音、陌生词或共享知识不足。先定位具体缺口，不要笼统说 I can't understand your accent。
5发音实验：核心重音、弱读与语音变体
不要逐音追踪。先抓承载对比的重读词，再用语法和情境预测弱读部分；数字与专名必须二次确认。
The FIELD test is on the THIRTEENTH.TWENTY are ready; TEN are pending.Did you say THIRTEEN or THIRTY?Let me CHECK my understanding.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Familiarity Is Not Clarity
A global team reviewed recordings of its online meetings. Participants often blamed unfamiliar accents when communication failed, but the recordings revealed several causes: poor microphones, unexplained abbreviations, rapid turn-taking, and assumptions about local procedures. Speakers with familiar accents were also misunderstood, although listeners noticed those failures less readily. The team introduced three practices. Key numbers and names appeared in writing, listeners summarized decisions aloud, and anyone could request rephrasing without apology. Comprehension improved because responsibility became shared. The goal was not to erase accent differences, but to design interaction in which important meaning had more than one route.
中文意义支持
一个全球团队审查了线上会议录音。沟通失败时，参与者常归咎于不熟悉的口音，但录音显示还有多种原因：麦克风质量差、缩写未解释、轮流过快以及对本地流程的假设。熟悉口音的说话者也会被误解，只是听者较少注意这些失败。团队引入三项做法：关键数字和姓名写出来，听者口头概括决定，任何人都可无需道歉地请求换种说法。理解改善是因为责任变成共享。目标不是消除口音差异，而是让重要意义拥有多条传递路径。
读听任务
1. What factors besides accent caused misunderstanding?
Poor audio, unexplained abbreviations, fast turn-taking, and assumptions about local procedures.
2. What principle connected the team's three new practices?
Important information was carried through multiple channels and comprehension became a shared responsibility.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
完成一段含噪音、数字和陌生专名的模拟会议：使用三种修复策略，并在结尾准确复述行动项。
- Did you say [option A] or [option B]?
- Could you rephrase [specific part] or put [item] in the chat?
- Let me check my understanding: [summary].
参考示范，不要背稿
Did you say thirteen or thirty units? Could you put the final number in the chat? Let me check my understanding: twenty units ship now, and ten follow after Friday's inspection.
写作迁移
写一份 150—180 词会议理解记录，区分原话、你确认后的理解和仍需核实的项目。
参考文本与自查
Confirmed: The field test will take place on 13 May, and thirty units are included. Nia wrote the date in the chat after a thirteen/thirty misunderstanding. Twenty units are ready to ship; ten require a final safety inspection. My confirmed understanding is that the first shipment leaves tomorrow and the second follows after Friday's check. Still to verify: Amara mentioned a regional certificate, but the audio was unclear and no document appeared in the shared folder. I have asked her to spell the certificate name and link the relevant requirement.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示口音与身份、阶层和权力相连。熟悉某种高地位口音不等于它更清楚；团队应评估实际理解，而不是把偏见包装成沟通标准。
本课毕业任务建立四周多口音听力日志，记录误解点、真正原因、修复策略和二次听辨结果；不得给口音作高低评价。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Synthesizing Multiple Sources
多源综合与知识建构
本课真实任务
围绕一个问题整合研究、访谈和数据，按主题组织一致、差异、方法限制与证据缺口。
- 我能让来源彼此对话，而不是按来源逐篇摘要。
- 我能根据方法与问题匹配度给证据不同权重，并保留重要矛盾。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 你说的是……还是……？
核对
Did you say ... or ...? — Did you say thirteen or thirty? - 你能换一种方式说吗？
核对
Could you say that another way? — Could you say that another way, please? - 我听到的关键词是……
核对
The key word I heard was ... — The key word I heard was inspection.
2进入情境
政策研究小组综合三项有关远程工作的来源，为混合办公指南提供建议。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
LeadYour draft has one paragraph per source, but I cannot see the overall pattern.你的草稿每个来源一段，但我看不出整体模式。
AnalystThe survey reports higher autonomy, while the experiment offers indirect support through gains on focused tasks.调查报告更高的自主性，而实验中专注任务的提升提供了间接支持。
LeadGood. Present that as partial convergence, then state the limits.很好。把它写成部分一致，再说明局限。
AnalystThe interview study also reports isolation, while the productivity data say nothing about wellbeing.访谈研究还报告孤立感，而生产率数据没有涉及福祉。
LeadThen do not call them contradictory. They answer different questions.那就不要称它们矛盾。它们回答的是不同问题。
AnalystI will structure the section by autonomy, coordination, wellbeing, and evidence gaps.我会按自主性、协调、福祉和证据缺口组织该节。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
taken together, the sources suggest综合来看，多个来源表明……Taken together, the sources suggest a mixed picture.
diverge over在……上出现分歧The studies diverge over productivity.
answer different questions回答不同问题The datasets answer different questions.
lend weight to增强……的证据权重The experiment lends weight to the causal claim.
should be interpreted in light of应结合……解释The result should be interpreted in light of the small sample.
a methodological limitation方法限制Self-selection is a methodological limitation.
an unresolved gap尚未解决的缺口Long-term wellbeing remains an unresolved gap.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：综合型报告结构
用 reporting clause + synthesis verb 建立来源关系：X supports/qualifies/contrasts with Y。非限定性从句可插入方法信息而不打断主线。
Source A + supports/qualifies/contrasts with + Source B；X, which + 方法补充, + 主句
- The interviews qualify the survey's positive result.访谈使调查的积极结果更具限定性。
- Both studies support the autonomy claim, although by different methods.两项研究以不同方法支持自主性主张。
- The survey, which used a self-selected sample, may overstate satisfaction.该调查使用自选样本，可能高估满意度。
小心中文直译Source A says ... Source B says ... 只是并列摘要。综合必须明确二者在何种主张上支持、限定、冲突或互补。
5发音实验：口头综合中的来源与关系重音
弱化冗长标题，重读来源类型和关系词：the SURVEY supports、the INTERVIEWS qualify，让听众抓住证据结构。
The SURVEY supports the autonomy claim.The INTERVIEWS qualify that positive picture.The DATASETS answer DIFFERENT questions.Long-term WELLBEING remains an unresolved GAP.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：Three Studies of Hybrid Work
A national survey found that hybrid workers reported greater autonomy than office-based staff. Because participation was voluntary, highly satisfied workers may have been more likely to respond. A six-month company experiment also found modest productivity gains, but only for tasks completed individually. Interviews with new employees described slower relationship-building and uncertainty about informal rules. These findings are not simply positive, negative, or contradictory. Together, they suggest that hybrid work can support autonomy and focused tasks while creating coordination and inclusion costs. Evidence about long-term career progression remains weak because none of the studies followed workers for more than one year.
中文意义支持
一项全国调查发现，混合办公员工报告的自主性高于全办公室员工。由于参与自愿，满意度高的人可能更愿意回应。一项为期六个月的公司实验也发现生产率略有提升，但仅限于独立完成的任务。对新员工的访谈则描述了关系建立较慢和非正式规则不明确。这些结果不能简单归类为积极、消极或矛盾。综合来看，混合办公可能支持自主性和专注任务，同时带来协调与包容成本。长期职业发展证据仍薄弱，因为没有研究追踪超过一年。
读听任务
1. How do the three sources complement one another?
They address autonomy, individual productivity, and newcomer experience through different methods.
2. What major evidence gap remains?
The sources provide little evidence about long-term career progression.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
用四分钟综合三份材料，按主题而非来源顺序组织，并明确一个方法限制和一个证据缺口。
- [Source A] supports [theme], while [Source B] qualifies it by [finding].
- [Source] lends particular weight to [claim] because [method].
- Taken together, the evidence suggests [synthesis], while [gap] remains unresolved.
参考示范，不要背稿
The survey points to greater autonomy, while the experiment offers indirect support through gains on focused tasks. Interviews qualify this positive picture by showing inclusion costs. Taken together, the evidence supports flexible work with stronger onboarding, while long-term progression remains unresolved.
写作迁移
写一篇 260—320 词多源综合，必须按主题组织，并包含证据权重、方法限制和研究缺口。
参考文本与自查
Across the three sources, autonomy is the clearest point of convergence. The national survey records higher perceived control among hybrid workers, and the company experiment indirectly supports this through modest gains on focused tasks. However, the survey's voluntary sample may overrepresent satisfied employees. The interview study qualifies the positive picture by showing that new staff struggle with informal knowledge and relationships. This does not contradict the productivity data, which measured individual output rather than inclusion. Taken together, the evidence supports hybrid arrangements for concentrated work, provided that organizations invest in onboarding and coordination. No source follows career progression beyond one year, so claims about long-term equality remain premature.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示不同知识传统对个人证词、实验、统计和集体经验赋予不同权重。综合时应解释评价标准，而不是把单一方法自动置于最高层。
本课毕业任务围绕一个问题收集三种不同类型来源，制作 claim-evidence-method 矩阵，并提交综合段落与“尚不能回答什么”清单。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Leading a Seminar
主持高阶研讨
本课真实任务
主持基于文本的研讨，让参与者澄清概念、检验证据、连接观点并推进集体理解。
- 我能提出由浅入深的问题，并根据回答即兴追问。
- 我能处理分歧与发言不均，在不替小组下结论的情况下综合进展。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 综合来看，多个来源表明……
核对
taken together, the sources suggest — Taken together, the sources suggest a mixed picture. - 在……上出现分歧
核对
diverge over — The studies diverge over productivity. - 回答不同问题
核对
answer different questions — The datasets answer different questions.
2进入情境
研究生研讨课讨论一篇主张‘效率指标会改变机构行为’的文章。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
FacilitatorBefore evaluating the claim, how does the author define efficiency?在评价主张前，作者如何定义效率？
MartaMainly as cases completed per hour.主要定义为每小时完成的案例数。
FacilitatorWhat does that definition leave out?这个定义遗漏了什么？
DevCase complexity and whether the solution lasts.案例复杂度以及解决方案是否持久。
FacilitatorMarta, does Dev's point change your reading of the evidence?Marta，Dev 的观点会改变你对证据的解读吗？
MartaIt does. The data show speed, but not necessarily effective service.会。数据说明速度，却不一定说明服务有效。
FacilitatorSo far, we agree on a measurement gap. Where do we still differ?到目前为止，我们同意存在衡量缺口。我们还在哪些方面有分歧？
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
Before evaluating ..., how does ... define ...?评价……前，……如何定义……？Before evaluating the claim, how does the author define fairness?
What does that leave out?这遗漏了什么？What does that definition leave out?
What evidence would change your view?什么证据会改变你的看法？What evidence would change your view on the policy?
Does that point alter your reading?这点会改变你的解读吗？Does the example alter your reading?
build on that point接着该观点推进Can anyone build on that point?
So far, we agree ...目前我们同意……So far, we agree that the measure is narrow.
Where do we still differ?我们仍在哪里存在分歧？Where do we still differ on causation?
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：高阶提问中的嵌入式疑问句
嵌入式疑问句使用陈述语序，可把直接质问转为分析性问题。主句决定整体问号，嵌入部分不倒装。
Could you explain + wh-word + 主语 + 动词；What matters is whether + 从句
- Could you explain why the author rejects that measure?你能解释作者为何拒绝该指标吗？
- I wonder what evidence would change the conclusion.我想知道什么证据会改变结论。
- The question is whether speed represents quality.问题在于速度是否代表质量。
小心中文直译嵌入部分不用疑问语序：说 Could you explain why the author disagrees?，不说 why does the author disagree。
5发音实验：研讨主持的开放语调与总结落点
开放问题末尾保留空间，不急于自答；阶段总结使用下降调，并在 differ、gap 等推进词上落重音。
What does that definition LEAVE OUT?Could anyone BUILD on that point?Does that ALTER your reading?So far / we agree on a measurement GAP.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Seminar That Produced a Better Question
A seminar on school testing began with predictable speeches for and against examinations. The facilitator paused the debate and asked participants to define what they meant by learning. One group emphasized durable understanding, another emphasized transferable skill, and a third focused on opportunity. The original article measured only short-term recall. Once that mismatch became visible, participants stopped repeating general positions and examined which conclusions the evidence could support. They did not reach agreement on testing, but they produced a sharper question: what combination of measures could represent learning without turning every valued outcome into a score?
中文意义支持
一场关于学校考试的研讨最初只有可预见的支持与反对发言。主持人暂停辩论，要求参与者定义“学习”。一组强调持久理解，一组强调可迁移技能，第三组关注机会。原文只测量短期回忆。定义与测量的错位显现后，参与者不再重复一般立场，而开始检验哪些结论真正得到证据支持。他们没有就考试达成一致，却提出了更尖锐的问题：什么样的指标组合能够代表学习，同时不把每个有价值的结果都变成分数？
读听任务
1. What moved the seminar beyond predictable positions?
The facilitator asked participants to define learning and compare that definition with the article's measure.
2. What did the seminar achieve without reaching agreement?
It identified a measurement mismatch and formulated a more precise shared question.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
主持十二分钟文本研讨：提出定义、证据、反例和迁移四层问题，邀请连接，并作两次中立综合。
- Before evaluating [claim], how does the author define [concept]?
- Does [participant]'s point alter your reading of [evidence]?
- So far, we agree on [point], while we still differ over [issue].
参考示范，不要背稿
Before evaluating the claim, how does the author define efficiency? Dev, does Marta's example alter your reading of the evidence? So far, we agree that the measure captures speed, while we still differ over whether speed represents service quality.
写作迁移
设计一页研讨主持单，包含目标、八个递进问题、预计误区、参与策略和结束综合。
参考文本与自查
Goal: evaluate whether the article's measure supports its claim. Opening: How does the author define success? Clarification: Which sentence best states the central claim? Evidence: What can the dataset establish, and what remains outside it? Counterexample: What case would weaken the conclusion? Connection: How does Mei's example qualify Omar's point? Participation: allow thirty seconds of writing before open discussion and invite first contributions from those who have not spoken. Closing synthesis: identify one agreement, one live disagreement, and one question requiring new evidence.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示“积极参与”不只等于快速口头发言。高质量研讨可结合静默思考、聊天框、轮次发言和会后补充，让不同处理速度都能贡献。
本课毕业任务主持真实或模拟研讨并做发言网络图；分析你的问题是扩大了参与和思考，还是把讨论拉向预设答案。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Building a Qualified Argument
构建有边界的长论证
本课真实任务
发展一篇能经受反例的长论证，明确适用范围、机制、证据限制和改变立场的条件。
- 我能把主张限定到证据真正支持的范围。
- 我能整合反例和替代解释，使结论更精确而非更软弱。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 评价……前，……如何定义……？
核对
Before evaluating ..., how does ... define ...? — Before evaluating the claim, how does the author define fairness? - 这遗漏了什么？
核对
What does that leave out? — What does that definition leave out? - 什么证据会改变你的看法？
核对
What evidence would change your view? — What evidence would change your view on the policy?
2进入情境
作者修改一篇关于四天工作制的文章，编辑质疑其结论是否超出研究范围。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
EditorYour conclusion says a four-day week improves productivity in all organizations.你的结论说四天工作制提高所有组织的生产率。
WriterThat is broader than the evidence. The trials involved mostly office-based teams.这比证据范围更广。试验主要涉及办公室团队。
EditorWhat mechanism might explain the improvement there?什么机制可能解释这些团队的改善？
WriterFewer meetings and better recovery may have increased focused work.更少会议和更好恢复可能增加了专注工作。
EditorHow will you handle the hospital counterexample?你怎么处理医院这个反例？
WriterI will use it to limit the claim: the model is less transferable where continuous coverage is essential.我会用它限定主张：在必须持续覆盖的场景中，该模式较难迁移。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
within the scope of在……范围内The claim holds within the scope of office-based trials.
under certain conditions在特定条件下The policy works under certain conditions.
a plausible mechanism一种合理机制Reduced meetings offer a plausible mechanism.
an alternative explanation替代解释Selection bias is an alternative explanation.
a limiting case限制性案例Hospitals provide a limiting case.
does not necessarily follow不一定成立Universal success does not necessarily follow.
would change my conclusion会改变我的结论Long-term harm would change my conclusion.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：范围限定与负面倒装
限定语 largely、primarily、under conditions 控制主张范围。Rarely/Only when 等否定或限制表达置于句首时，主句需助动词倒装，用于有分寸的强调。
限定语 + 主张；Only when + 从句 + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词；Rarely + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词
- The evidence applies primarily to office-based teams.证据主要适用于办公室团队。
- Only when workload also changed did wellbeing improve.只有工作量也改变时，福祉才改善。
- Rarely does one policy transfer unchanged across sectors.一项政策很少能不经改变地跨行业迁移。
小心中文直译限定不是在每句加入 may。应精确说明适用于谁、何时、依据何种指标；倒装用于重点，不宜密集堆叠。
5发音实验：长论证中的范围词重音
重读 primarily、only、under these conditions 等边界词，因为它们决定主张真值范围；结论不要把限定轻轻吞掉。
The evidence applies PRIMARILY to office teams.ONLY under these conditions / did wellbeing improve.That result does NOT NECESSARILY transfer.This counterexample LIMITS the claim; it does not destroy it.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：A Stronger Claim After Revision
An article initially claimed that four-day workweeks raise productivity and wellbeing. Its evidence came from volunteer organizations with office-based staff, supportive managers, and freedom to redesign meetings. One hospital trial found higher stress because the same workload was compressed and continuous coverage remained essential. Rather than treating the hospital as irrelevant, the author used it to identify a mechanism and a boundary. Benefits appeared when hours, workload, and coordination practices changed together. The revised conclusion was narrower but more useful: four-day schedules can improve outcomes in adaptable settings, provided that work is redesigned rather than merely compressed.
中文意义支持
一篇文章最初声称四天工作制能提高生产率和福祉。证据来自自愿参与的机构，员工主要在办公室工作，管理者支持，且可以重新设计会议。一项医院试验却发现压力上升，因为同样工作量被压缩，而持续覆盖仍不可缺。作者没有把医院视为无关，而是用它识别机制和边界。只有工作时长、工作量和协调方式共同改变时，收益才出现。修订后的结论更窄却更有用：在可调整环境中，只要工作被重新设计而非单纯压缩，四天安排就可能改善结果。
读听任务
1. How did the hospital case improve the argument?
It revealed a boundary and suggested that workload redesign and coverage conditions matter.
2. Why was the narrower conclusion more useful?
It specified the settings and conditions under which the policy was more likely to work.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
做五分钟学术答辩：提出主张、机制和证据，处理一个反例，并说明什么新证据会改变结论。
- Within the scope of [evidence], the strongest claim is [qualified claim].
- [Counterexample] suggests that [mechanism/boundary].
- I would revise this conclusion if [new evidence].
参考示范，不要背稿
Within office-based trials, the strongest claim is that redesigned four-day schedules can improve outcomes. The hospital case suggests that workload compression and continuous coverage limit transfer. I would revise this conclusion if longer studies showed persistent inequality or declining service quality.
写作迁移
写一篇 300—360 词论证，包含限定主张、机制、证据、最强反例、替代解释和修订条件。
参考文本与自查
Within the available trials, four-day schedules appear capable of improving wellbeing and maintaining productivity, primarily in office-based settings with managerial support. A plausible mechanism is not the missing day itself but the redesign of meetings, workload, and focused time. The hospital counterexample limits this claim: where continuous coverage is essential and workload remains fixed, compression may increase stress. Selection also offers an alternative explanation because volunteer organizations may be unusually motivated. Therefore, universal claims do not follow. The policy deserves further testing under conditions that protect service quality and workload equity. I would weaken the conclusion if longer trials showed that gains faded, costs shifted to contractors, or progression gaps widened.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示某些写作传统把强结论等同于绝对结论。C1 论证的力量更常来自边界清楚、反例处理诚实以及说明何种证据会改变观点。
本课毕业任务选择一个你立场鲜明的议题，主动寻找最强反例；提交修订前后主张和一张‘范围—机制—证据—改变条件’图。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。
Independent Immersion Lab
独立沉浸实验室
本课真实任务
设计并启动一套十二周个人英语沉浸系统，用真实输入、真实互动和可观察证据持续逼近 C1。
- 我能根据具体沟通领域选择高质量、多样且可持续的输入与互动。
- 我能用表现证据诊断瓶颈、调整训练，而不是只记录学习时长。
核心路线 45–60 分钟完整路线 90–120 分钟挑战路线：自然速度 + 脱稿输出
1先修提取
不看答案，先把下面中文说成英文；再展开核对。
- 在……范围内
核对
within the scope of — The claim holds within the scope of office-based trials. - 在特定条件下
核对
under certain conditions — The policy works under certain conditions. - 一种合理机制
核对
a plausible mechanism — Reduced meetings offer a plausible mechanism.
2进入情境
学习者与导师评审一份独立沉浸计划，把模糊目标改成可验证的语言任务。
第一遍只听场景与主旨；第二遍抓人物、数字、理由和决定。系统朗读使用设备语音，仅作辅助；若不可用，按意群朗读文本并录下自己。
MentorYour goal says “listen to more English.” What will you be able to do after twelve weeks?你的目标写着“多听英语”。十二周后你具体能做到什么？
LearnerI want to follow a forty-minute policy podcast and produce a reliable three-minute synthesis.我想听懂四十分钟政策播客，并作出可靠的三分钟综合。
MentorHow will you know whether accent familiarity is improving?你怎么判断对口音的熟悉度是否提高？
LearnerI will use speakers from four regions and compare first-listen notes with a verified transcript.我会选择四个地区的说话者，把首听笔记与核实过的文本比较。
MentorWhat happens if comprehension stops improving?如果理解不再提高怎么办？
LearnerI will diagnose whether the gap is sound, vocabulary, background knowledge, or attention, then change one variable.我会诊断差距来自语音、词汇、背景知识还是注意力，然后只改变一个变量。
三轮练法：跟读一句 → 遮住复述一句 → 换掉两项个人信息再说一遍。
3高频词块
把整块表达一起记，不要逐词翻译。
define an observable outcome定义可观察结果Define an observable outcome for week twelve.
first-listen comprehension首听理解Track first-listen comprehension, not repeated familiarity.
compare against a transcript与文本对照Compare your notes against a verified transcript.
diagnose the bottleneck诊断瓶颈Diagnose the bottleneck before adding more hours.
change one variable只改变一个变量Change one variable and test again.
a sustainable routine可持续习惯Build a sustainable routine around real interests.
evidence of transfer迁移证据A live discussion provides evidence of transfer.
快速替换练习
选三个词块，各自替换人名、地点、时间或理由，连续说三遍；第三遍不看页面。
4微语法：未来完成时与里程碑
future perfect 表示到未来节点已完成的成果；future continuous 表示届时正在持续的过程。二者适合把愿望变成阶段性承诺。
will have + 过去分词；will be + V-ing；By + 时间点
- By week four, I will have analyzed six podcast episodes.到第四周，我将分析完六期播客。
- In week eight, I will be leading a live discussion.第八周时，我将主持一次实时讨论。
- By the end, I will have produced three revised syntheses.结束时，我将完成三份修订后的综合。
小心中文直译完成时不能让目标自动可衡量。will have listened to twenty hours 只记录投入；还需表现任务证明理解和迁移。
5发音实验：自我监测录音中的可懂度指标
每两周用同类任务录音，比较重音、停顿、修复和连贯，而不是追求像某一母语者。保留原始首版，避免只比较练熟版本。
By week FOUR / I will have completed six analyses.My current BOTTLENECK is rapid turn-taking.Let me REPHRASE that more precisely.The evidence of TRANSFER will be a live seminar.
先慢而清楚，再自然连贯。每项说 3 次，最后把其中一项放回对话。
6分级输入：The Plan That Survived Week Five
Arun's first immersion plan required two hours every day. It collapsed during a busy fifth week, and he initially blamed motivation. His review showed a design problem instead: every task depended on uninterrupted evening time and none produced clear performance evidence. He rebuilt the plan around shorter daily input, one weekly long-form session, and a live discussion every two weeks. He compared first-listen notes with transcripts, logged repair strategies during conversation, and revised one written synthesis each month. Total study time fell, but transfer improved because the routine connected authentic input, retrieval, interaction, feedback, and repeated performance.
中文意义支持
Arun 最初的沉浸计划要求每天两小时。繁忙的第五周，计划崩溃了，他起初归咎于动力不足。复盘却显示是设计问题：每项任务都依赖不受打断的晚间时间，而且没有产生清晰的表现证据。他重建计划，采用较短的每日输入、每周一次长内容学习和每两周一次实时讨论。他把首听笔记与文本比较，记录对话中的修复策略，每月修订一次书面综合。总学习时间下降了，但迁移提高，因为习惯把真实输入、提取、互动、反馈和重复表现连接起来。
读听任务
1. Why did Arun's original plan fail?
It depended on long uninterrupted evenings and measured time rather than observable performance.
2. Why did transfer improve despite fewer total hours?
The revised routine connected authentic input with retrieval, interaction, feedback, and repeated comparable tasks.
7受控练习与 Exit Ticket
8真正开口
单人模式
进行 C1 桥梁终评：做五分钟多源口头综合，主持五分钟追问，并反思一次实时修复与一次观点修订。
- By [milestone], I will have [observable product/performance].
- My current bottleneck appears to be [specific gap], based on [evidence].
- If [indicator] does not improve, I will change [one variable] and retest with [task].
参考示范，不要背稿
By week four, I will have completed six first-listen analyses and two live syntheses. My current bottleneck appears to be rapid turn-taking, based on missed speaker transitions. If my verified note accuracy does not improve, I will add short turn-boundary drills and retest with a new panel discussion.
写作迁移
提交 300—380 词十二周沉浸契约，包含领域目标、每周四支柱安排、材料多样性、三项表现任务、反馈源、里程碑和调整规则。
参考文本与自查
My target domain is public-policy discussion. By week twelve, I will be able to synthesize a forty-minute panel, lead a ten-minute seminar, and write a 350-word qualified brief without a template. Each week will include authentic listening and reading, one spoken and one written output, focused work on recurring gaps, and fluency practice with familiar material. Speakers will represent at least four regions and several professional roles. I will compare first-listen notes with verified transcripts, obtain peer feedback twice a month, and keep unrehearsed recordings. By week four, I will have completed a baseline set; by week eight, I will be leading discussions. If one indicator stalls twice, I will diagnose the bottleneck, change one variable, and retest with unfamiliar material.
自查：任务完成了吗？句子有主语吗？动词时间一致吗？连接清楚吗？
同伴模式：一人按任务提问或制造变化，另一人即时回应；60 秒后交换。没有同伴时，用手机录音后追问自己一个问题。
9文化、语用与真实迁移
语用提示独立沉浸不应只围绕高地位口音或单一媒体生态。材料选择会塑造你认为谁是可信说话者，因此应主动扩大地区、身份和观点来源。
本课毕业任务启动十二周个人沉浸实验：保存基线、双周样本、反馈、错误模式和调整记录；最终用同类陌生任务比较表现，而非只汇报累计小时。
自我量规
10把本课送进长期记忆
今天完成后，在 D+1、D+3、D+7、D+21、D+60 各做一次 3–8 分钟主动提取。复习时先遮住英文，再从中文情境说出词块。